T.Y.B.TECH.

PRODUCTION
ENGINEERING
Presentation 2023

ATTITUDE &
PERCEPTION
GROUP 1
 INTRODUCTION
ATTITUDE
Attitude is the
psychological construct that
characterises a person.
Attitude is a fundamental
aspect of human behaviour
that significantly influences
personal and professional
outcomes.
PERCEPTION
Perception is the
organization, identification
and interpretation of
sensory information in
order to understand and
represent the presented
information or environment.
 ATTITUDE
Attitude is a learned predisposition to respond
consistently to a given object or entity.
Three main components of attitude are as follows- ‘YOUR ATTITUDE, NOT YOUR
APTITUDE, WILL DETERMINE
1. Affective: It is the emotional or feeling segment of an
YOUR ALTITUDE’
attitude. -Zig Ziglar
2. Behavioral: It is consists of a person’s tendency to
behave in a particular manner towards an object.
3. Cognitive: It refers to the belief, thoughts and
attributes that we would associate with an object.
 ATTITUDE
Three main types of attitude are as follows-
1. Positive: Having a positive attitude means being optimistic about situations, interactions,
and yourself. People with positive attitudes remain hopeful and see the best even in
difficult situations.
2. Negative: A negative attitude is a disposition, feeling, or manner that is not constructive,
cooperative, or optimistic. A negative attitude is something that every person should
avoid (including me and you).
3. Neutral: Neutral attitude represents a certain compromise or middle ground between the
participant and object attitudes. It is not personal or emotional as participant attitude.
 IMPORTANCE OF

🤔
ATTITUDE
1. Behavioral Influence: Shapes actions and reactions.
2. Interpersonal Relationships: Affects cooperation and relationship quality.
3. Emotional Well-being: Influences stress levels and mental health.
4. Motivation and Goal Achievement: Drives ambition and persistence.
5. Workplace Productivity: Impacts work environment and job satisfaction.
6. Health and Well-being: Links to physical health and recovery.
7. Decision-Making: Shapes choices and problem-solving.
8. Social Impact: Affects societal harmony or tension.
9. Learning and Growth: Essential for curiosity, open-mindedness, and skill
acquisition.
10. Coping with Adversity: Determines resilience in the face of challenges.
 PERCEPTION
Perception includes all those processes by which an
individual receives information about his environment
‘Perception is real
even when it is not —seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting and smelling.
reality.’ Factors affecting Perception-
-Edward de Bono 1. Individual Differences
2. Motivation
3. Organizational behavior
4. Past experiences
5. External Factors
 PERCEPTUAL
ERRORS
1. Stereotyping: Making assumptions based on group membership without considering individual
differences.
2. Halo Effect: Letting a single trait influence overall perceptions, leading to bias.
3. Selective Perception: Focusing only on information that aligns with pre-existing beliefs.
4. Projection: Attributing one's own thoughts or motives to others.
5. Confirmation Bias: Seeking or interpreting information to confirm existing beliefs.
6. Self-Serving Bias: Interpreting events to enhance one's self-esteem.
7. Fundamental Attribution Error: Attributing others' behavior to internal factors, neglecting
situational influences.
8. Cultural Misinterpretation: Misinterpreting behavior due to lack of cultural awareness.
9. Anchoring Bias: Relying too heavily on initial information when making decisions.
10. Overconfidence Bias: Overestimating one's abilities or judgments.
11. Recency Bias: Giving more weight to recent events, overlooking longer-term trends.
👀
IMPORTANCE OF
PERCEPTION
1. Understanding Reality: Influences individuals’ view of the world.
2. Informed Decision-Making: Essential for making well-informed decisions.
3. Interpersonal Communication: Reducing misunderstandings.
4. Problem Solving: Key for identifying and addressing challenges.
5. Adaptation to Change: Affects how individuals adapt to new circumstances.
6. Emotional Well-being: Influences feelings of optimism or stress.
7. Influence on Behavior: Shapes choices, reactions, and interactions.
8. Learning and Education: Integral to comprehension and knowledge retention.
9. Conflict Resolution: Resolves conflicts by understanding different
perspectives.
10. Creativity and Innovation: Inspires new ideas, fostering innovation.
 How Attitude and
Perception affect each other
1. Selective Attention: Attitudes influence what individuals choose to focus on.
2. Interpretation of Ambiguity: Attitudes shape how ambiguous information is interpreted.
3. Confirmation Bias: Predisposition to seek information confirming existing beliefs affects perception.
4. Cognitive Dissonance: Conflict between attitude and perception prompts adjustments.
5. Emotional Coloration: Attitudes impart emotional tones to perceptions.
6. Perceptual Defense: Subconscious avoidance or distortion of conflicting information.
7. Expectancy Effects: Attitudes create expectations that influence future perceptions.
8. Influence on Memory: Attitudes impact the storage and retrieval of memories.
9. Social Perception: Attitudes towards social groups affect how individuals interpret actions.
10. Motivational Factors: Attitudes guide behavior, influencing perceptions of opportunities and
challenges.
11. Behavioral Alignment: Consistency between attitudes and behavior shapes how actions are perceived.
 SOCIAL EXPERIMENT
Stanford Prison Experiment (1971)
Objective:(Investigation of Authority Influence) Zimbardo aimed to explore how perceived authority influences
individuals' attitudes and behaviors in a simulated prison environment.
Methodology:
1. Role Assignment: Participants randomly assigned as prisoners or guards in a mock prison at Stanford University.
2. Observation: Zimbardo and team observed participant interactions and behaviors.
Findings:
1. Extreme Behavioral Changes: The study terminated in six days due to severe psychological and behavioral changes.
2. Abuse of Power: Guards displayed abusive and authoritarian behavior, while prisoners exhibited extreme stress.
3. Ethical Concerns: Raised ethical concerns about participant treatment, highlighting risks of unchecked authority.
Impact:
1. Ethical Guidelines: Prompted more stringent ethical guidelines in psychological research.
2. Understanding Authority Dynamics: Significantly contributed to understanding how authority impacts attitudes and behaviors.
 STRATEGIES
FOR CHANGE
Practical Strategies for Changing or Influencing Attitudes and Perceptions:
Communication: Exposure:
1. Clear Messaging: Ensure messages are clear, concise, and aligned with desired attitudes. 1. Diverse Experiences: Encourage
2. Emotional Appeal: Use emotional narratives and stories to connect on a personal level. exposure to diverse perspectives
3. Two-way Communication: Encourage open dialogue to address concerns and foster and experiences.
understanding. 2. Role Modeling: Showcase positive
4. Positive Framing: Present information in a positive light to influence perception. role models to influence
Education: perceptions.
1. Informative Campaigns: Develop educational campaigns to provide accurate 3. Media Representation: Ensure fair
information. and diverse representation in media.
2. Expert Endorsements: Utilize credible experts or authorities to convey information. 4. Cultural Immersion: Promote
3. Interactive Workshops: Engage audiences through workshops and interactive sessions. cultural exchanges to broaden
4. Highlight Common Ground: Emphasize shared values and commonalities to bridge gaps. understanding.
 CONCLUSION
PRESENTED BY--
Viraj Surana(211040002) Sohel Tadvi(211040009)

Yash Jain(211040003) Rajvardhan Sawant(211040014)

Vedant Shimpi(211040004) Yash Devdekar(211040015)

Baldev Narayan(211040005) Rohit Karwatkar(211040017)

Ajinkya Pawar(211040008) Manav Yadav(211040044)

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