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    Talal Hamzeh
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    Cumulative trauma disorders are injuries caused by repetitive motions, forceful exertions, vibrations or sustained awkward postures over time. They affect soft tissues like tendons, nerves, muscles and joints, especially in the hands, wrists, elbows and shoulders. Prevention strategies include job rotation, exercise breaks, ergonomic tool and workstation design to minimize awkward postures and repetitive motions. Hand tool design should avoid bending the wrist, provide comfortable grips sized to the hand and clearances for fingers.

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    Cumulative trauma disorders are injuries caused by repetitive motions, forceful exertions, vibrations or sustained awkward postures over time. They affect soft tissues like tendons, nerves, muscles and joints, especially in the hands, wrists, elbows and shoulders. Prevention strategies include job rotation, exercise breaks, ergonomic tool and workstation design to minimize awkward postures and repetitive motions. Hand tool design should avoid bending the wrist, provide comfortable grips sized to the hand and clearances for fingers.

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    7 views33 pages

    Slides 3

    Uploaded by

    Talal Hamzeh
    Cumulative trauma disorders are injuries caused by repetitive motions, forceful exertions, vibrations or sustained awkward postures over time. They affect soft tissues like tendons, nerves, muscles and joints, especially in the hands, wrists, elbows and shoulders. Prevention strategies include job rotation, exercise breaks, ergonomic tool and workstation design to minimize awkward postures and repetitive motions. Hand tool design should avoid bending the wrist, provide comfortable grips sized to the hand and clearances for fingers.

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    of 33

    SAFETY AND

    ERGONOMICS
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders
    (p.269)
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD)

    Repetitive Strain (Stress) Injuries (RSI)


    Overuse disorders (ODs)
    Musculoskeletal Disorder (MSD)
    Work- related Musculoskeletal Disorder
    Cumulative effect trauma
    Repetitive motion disorders
    The disorders are due to the cumulative effect of repetitive, forceful
    exertion, vibration, mechanical compression, sustained and
    awkward postures, prolonged exposure to physical strain and
    stress
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD)

    Upper-extremity cumulative trauma disorder


    Repetitive hand and arm exertions are prevalent
    Disorders in soft tissues
    Tendon and tendon sheaths
    Bursa
    Neurons
    Blood vessels
    Muscles
    Joints
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD)


    Tendon related CTD
    Tendonitis Tenosynovitis
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD)


    Nerves related CTD
    Neuritis
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Cumulative Trauma Disorder (CTD)

    Ischemia

    Bursitis
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    CTDs of fingers

    Vibration induced white fingers

    Trigger finger
    G thumb
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    CTDs of the hand and wrist


    Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    CTDs of the elbow


    elbow
    medial
    epicondylitis
    Tennis Elbow-
    lateral epicondylitis
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    CTDs at the shoulder


    Impingement syndrome

    Rotator cuff irritation


    Cumulative Trauma Disorders
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Stages of CTD
    Aches and tiredness during working hours
    Swelling, numbness and pain that start early in the work
    shift. Performance is often reduced
    Pain, cannot perform daily tasks
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Causes of CTD
    Repetition
    Fast movements
    Unnatural /Awkward postures
    Excessive force application / Forceful exertion
    Prolonged static muscle loading
    Vibration
    Cold environment
    Pressure of tools/ sharp edges
    Other factors
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Prevention of CTD
    Administrative and Engineering methods
    Worker education and training
    Provision of appropriate work-rest schedule
    Redesign the workplace and tools
    Anthropometric design workplace
    Warm up exercises before the start of the work
    Task rotation
    Use of automated equipment
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Avoid these
    Activities with many repetitions
    Activities requiring prolonged or repetitive force exertion
    of more than 1/3 of static muscular strength
    Extreme positions
    Same body posture for a long time

    Vibration
    Cold and airflow from pneumatic tools
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Nordic Questionnaire for the


    analysis of Musculoskeletal
    symptoms
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Design
    Hand tool design
    Poorly designed hand tools degrade performance and
    productivity and are a major cause of CTD
    Chair design for seated operator
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Hand Tool Design- General guidelines:


    1. DO NOT bend the wrist
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Hand Tool Design- General guidelines:


    1. DO NOT bend the wrist
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Hand Tool Design- General guidelines:


    1. DO NOT bend the wrist
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Hand Tool Design- General guidelines:


    2. Shape tool handles to assist grip
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Hand Tool Design- General guidelines:


    3. Provide adequate grip span
    Cumulative Trauma Disorders

    Hand Tool Design- General guidelines:


    4. Provide finger and gloves
    clearances

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