SL 1.

3 Geometric 2 [81 marks]

1a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
valid approach (M1)
u2 u1
eg u1
, u2

r= 12 sin2 θ
18
(= 2 sin2 θ
3
) A1 N2

[2 marks]

1b. [6 marks]

Markscheme
METHOD 1 (using differentiation)
dS
recognizing d ∞
θ
= 0 (seen anywhere) (M1)
dS
finding any correct expression for d ∞ (A1)
θ
0−54×(−2 sin 2 θ )
eg 2 , −54(2 + cos 2 θ)−2 (−2 sin 2 θ)
(2+cos 2 θ )
correct working (A1)
eg sin 2θ = 0
any correct value for sin−1(0) (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg 0, π, … , sketch of sine curve with x-intercept(s) marked both correct
values for 2θ (ignore additional values) (A1)
2θ = π, 3π (accept values in degrees)
π 3π
both correct answers θ= 2, 2 A1 N4
Note: Award A0 if either or both correct answers are given in degrees.
Award A0 if additional values are given.

METHOD 2 (using denominator)

recognizing when S∞ is greatest (M1)
 eg 2 + cos 2θ is a minimum, 1− r is smallest
correct working (A1)
eg minimum value of 2 + cos 2θ is 1, minimum r = 23
correct working (A1)
eg cos 2 θ = −1, 23 sin2 θ = 23 , sin2 θ = 1
EITHER (using cos 2θ)
any correct value for cos−1(−1) (seen anywhere) (A1)
eg π, 3π, … (accept values in degrees), sketch of cosine curve with x-
intercept(s) marked
both correct values for 2θ (ignore additional values) (A1)
2θ = π, 3π (accept values in degrees)
OR (using sinθ)
sinθ = ±1 (A1)
sin−1(1) = π2 (accept values in degrees) (seen anywhere) A1
THEN
π 3π
both correct answers θ= 2, 2 A1 N4
Note: Award A0 if either or both correct answers are given in degrees.
Award A0 if additional values are given.
[6 marks]

2a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
correct substitution into infinite sum (A1)
4
eg 200 = 1−
r
r = 0.98 (exact) A1 N2
[2 marks]
2b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
correct substitution (A1)
8
4(1−0.98 )
1−0.98
29.8473
29.8 A1 N2
[2 marks]

2c. [3 marks]

Markscheme
attempt to set up inequality (accept equation) (M1)
4(1−0.98n) 4(1−0.98n)
eg 1−0.98
> 163, 1−0.98
= 163
correct inequality for n (accept equation) or crossover values (A1)
eg n > 83.5234, n = 83.5234, S83 = 162.606 and S84 = 163.354
n = 84 A1 N1
[3 marks]

3a. [3 marks]

Markscheme
12
2 (2 × 60 + 11 × 10) (M1)(A1)(ft)
Note: Award (M1) for substituting the arithmetic series formula, (A1)(ft) for
correct substitution. Follow through from their first term and common
difference in part (a).
= ($) 1380 (A1)(ft)(G2)
[3 marks]
3b. [3 marks]

Markscheme
60(1.112−1)
1.1−1
(M1)(A1)(ft)

Note: Award (M1) for substituting the geometric series formula, (A1)(ft) for
correct substitution. Follow through from part (c) for their first term and
common ratio.
= ($)1280 (1283.05…) (A1)(ft)(G2)
[3 marks]

4. [9 marks]

Markscheme
recognizing infinite geometric series with squares (M1)
2
eg k2 + k4 + k6 + … , k 2
1−k
9
correct substitution into S∞ = 16
(must substitute into formula) (A2)
k2 9
eg
1−k2
= 16
correct working (A1)
9
eg 16k2 = 9 − 9k2 , 25k2 = 9, k2 = 25
3
k= 5
(seen anywhere) A1

valid approach with segments and CD (may be seen earlier) (M1)

eg r = k, S∞ = b
correct expression for b in terms of k (may be seen earlier) (A1)
∞
∑
k
eg b = 1−
k
, b = n=1 kn , b = k + k2 + k3 + …
substituting their value of k into their formula for b (M1)
3 ( 35 )
eg 5
,
1− 35 ( 25 )

3
b= 2 A1 N3
[9 marks]
5a. [1 mark]

Markscheme
3800 m (A1)
[1 mark]

5b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
3000 + (n − 1)400 mOR2600 + 400n m (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into arithmetic sequence formula, (A1)
for correct substitution.

[2 marks]

5c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
3000 + (k − 1)400 > 42195 (M1)

Notes: Award (M1) for their correct inequality. Accept

3 + (k − 1)0.4 > 42.195.
Accept = OR ⩾. Award (M0) for 3000 + (k − 1)400 > 42.195.

(k =) 99 (A1)(ft)(G2)

Note: Follow through from part (a)(ii), but only if k is a positive integer.

[2 marks]
5d. [4 marks]

Markscheme
50
2 (2 × 3000 + (50 − 1)(400)) (M1)(A1)(ft)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of an arithmetic series formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution.

640 000 m (A1)

Note: Award (A1) for their 640 000 seen.

= 640 km (A1)(ft)(G3)

Note: Award (A1)(ft) for correctly converting their answer in metres to

km; this can be awarded independently from previous marks.

OR
50
2 (2 × 3 + (50 − 1)(0.4)) (M1)(A1)(ft)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of an arithmetic series formula,
(A1)(ft) for correct substitution, (A1) for correctly converting 3000 m and
400 m into km.

= 640 km (A1)(G3)
[4 marks]
5e. [3 marks]

Markscheme
7500 × 1.25−1 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into geometric series formula, (A1) for
correct substitutions.

= 15 600 m (15 552 m) (A1)(G3)

OR
7.5 × 1.25−1 (M1)(A1)

Note: Award (M1) for substitution into geometric series formula, (A1) for
correct substitutions.

= 15.6 km (A1)(G3)
[3 marks]

5f. [3 marks]

Markscheme
7500(1.212−1)
1.2−1
(M1)(A1)

Notes: Award (M1) for substitution into sum of a geometric series formula,
(A1) for correct substitutions. Follow through from their ratio (r) in part (d). If
r < 1 (distance does not increase) or the final answer is unrealistic (eg r = 20
), do not award the final (A1).

= 297 000 m (296 853 … m, 297 km) (A1)(G2)

[3 marks]
6. [3 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
correct use log xn = n log x A1
eg 16 ln x
valid approach to find r (M1)
8
eg
un+1
un
, lnlnxx16 , 48 ln x,
ln x
ln x4 = ln x16 × r2
1
r= 2 A1 N2
[3 marks]

7a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
162 54
486
OR 162 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for dividing any un+1 by un .

1
= 3
(0.333, 0.333333 …) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]
7b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
n−1
486( 13 ) =2 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into geometric sequence
formula.

n=6 (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from part (a).

Award (A1)(A0) for u6 = 2 or u6 with or without working.

[2 marks]

7c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
486(1− 13 )
30

S30 = 1− 13
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into geometric series formula.

= 729 (A1)(ft) (C2)

[2 marks]

8a. [1 mark]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
1
2 (0.5) (A1) (C1)
[1 mark]
8b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
4
18 × ( 12 ) (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into the geometric
sequence formula. Accept a list of their five correct terms.

9
1.125 (1.13, 8
) (A1)(ft) (C2)

Note: Follow through from their common ratio from part (a).

[2 marks]

8c. [3 marks]

Markscheme
n−1
18 × ( 12 ) < 10−3 (M1)(M1)

Notes: Award (M1) for their correct substitution into the geometric
sequence formula with a variable in the exponent, (M1) for comparing their
expression with 10−3 ( 1000
1
).
Accept an equation.

n = 16 (A1)(ft) (C3)

Note: Follow through from their common ratio from part (a). “n” must be a
positive integer for the (A1) to be awarded.

[3 marks]
9. [6 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
attempt to find r (M1)
576
eg 768
, 768
576
, 0.75
correct expression for un (A1)
eg 768(0.75)n−1
EITHER (solving inequality)
valid approach (accept equation) (M1)
eg un < 7
valid approach to find n M1
7
eg 768(0.75)n−1 = 7, n − 1 > log 0.75 ( 768 ), sketch
correct value
eg n = 17.3301 (A1)
n = 18 (must be an integer) A1 N2
OR (table of values)
valid approach (M1)
eg un > 7, one correct crossover value
both crossover values, u17 = 7.69735 and u18 = 5.77301 A2
n = 18 (must be an integer) A1 N2
OR (sketch of functions)
valid approach M1
eg sketch of appropriate functions
valid approach (M1)
eg finding intersections or roots (depending on function sketched)
correct value
eg n = 17.3301 (A1)
n = 18 (must be an integer) A1 N2
[6 marks]
10a. [2 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
48 = 64r (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into geometric sequence

formula.

= 0.75 ( 34 , 48
64
) (A1) (C2)
[2 marks]

10b. [2 marks]

Markscheme
64 × (0.75)7 (M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into geometric sequence

formula or list of eight values using their r. Follow through from part (a), only if
answer is positive.

= 8.54 (cm) (8.54296 … cm) (A1)(ft) (C2)

[2 marks]
10c. [2 marks]

Markscheme
64(1−(0.75)10)
depth = 1−0.75
(M1)

Note: Award (M1) for correct substitution into geometric series formula.
Follow through from part (a), only if answer is positive.

= 242(cm) (241.583 …) (A1)(ft) (C2)

[2 marks]

11a. [3 marks]

Markscheme
* This question is from an exam for a previous syllabus, and may contain
minor differences in marking or structure.
METHOD 1
P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B) M1
= P(A) + P(A ∩ B) + P(A′ ∩ B) − P(A ∩ B) M1A1
= P(A) + P(A′ ∩ B) AG
METHOD 2
P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(B) − P(A ∩ B) M1
= P(A) + P(B) − P(A|B) × P(B) M1
= P(A) + (1 − P(A|B)) × P(B)
= P(A) + P(A′ |B) × P(B) A1
= P(A) + P(A′ ∩ B) AG
[3 marks]
 11b. [6 marks]

Markscheme
(i) use P(A ∪ B) = P(A) + P(A′ ∩ B) and P(A′ ∩ B) = P(B|A′ )P(A′ )
(M1)
4
9
= P(A) + 16 (1 − P(A)) A1

8 = 18P(A) + 3 (1 − P(A)) M1
1
P(A) = 3
AG
(ii) METHOD 1
P(B) = P(A ∩ B) + P(A′ ∩ B) M1
= P(B|A)P(A) + P(B|A′ )P(A′ ) M1
1 1 1 2 2
= 3
× 3
+ 6
× 3
= 9
A1
METHOD 2
1 1 1
P(A ∩ B) = P(B|A)P(A) ⇒ P(A ∩ B) = 3
× 3
= 9
M1

P(B) = P(A ∪ B) + P(A ∩ B) − P(A) M1

4 1 1 2
P(B) = 9
+ 9
− 3
= 9
A1
[6 marks]

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