"The Repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act: E ects on Financial Markets and Corporate

Behaviour”

Introduction:
The Glass-Steagall Act of 1933 separated commercial and investment banking activities
in the United States. However, the Act was repealed in 1999 by the Gramm-Leach-Bliley
Act, which allowed banks to engage in both commercial and investment banking
activities. This decision was controversial and remains a topic of debate among
policymakers, academics, and industry professionals. The purpose of this research is to
analyse the e ects of the Glass-Steagall Act's repeal on nancial markets and corporate
behaviour.
Research Questions:
1. What were the motivations for the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act?
2. How did the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act a ect the behaviour of nancial
institutions?
3. What impact did the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act have on the stability of the
nancial system?
4. What were the consequences of the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act for consumers
and investors?
5. What lessons can be learned from the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act for nancial
regulation in the future?

Methodology:
This research will employ a mixed-methods approach, combining both qualitative and
quantitative analysis. The qualitative component will involve an extensive literature review
of academic and policy-related sources to understand the history and context of the
Glass-Steagall Act and its repeal. The quantitative component will involve an empirical
analysis of nancial data to examine the e ects of the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act on
the behaviour of nancial institutions and the stability of the nancial system.

Data Sources:
The data for this research will come from various sources, including nancial statements,
SEC lings, and regulatory reports. In addition, interviews with industry experts and
policymakers will be conducted to gain insights into the motivations and consequences of
the Glass-Steagall Act's repeal.
Expected Results:
This research is expected to shed light on the e ects of the Glass-Steagall Act's repeal
on nancial markets and corporate behaviour. The results will contribute to the ongoing
policy debate on nancial regulation and may inform future regulatory decisions.
Conclusion:
The repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act has had far-reaching e ects on the nancial system
and the behaviour of nancial institutions. By analysing the motivations and
consequences of this decision, this research aims to contribute to a better understanding
of the bene ts and drawbacks of nancial deregulation.
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 "The E ect of the Glass-Steagall Act on Competition and Innovation in the Banking
Industry"

Introduction:
The Glass-Steagall Act, which separated commercial and investment banking activities,
was enacted in 1933 to promote stability in the banking industry. However, critics argue
that the Act sti ed competition and innovation in the industry. The Act was repealed in
1999, and since then, the banking industry has undergone signi cant changes. The
purpose of this research is to analyse the e ect of the Glass-Steagall Act on competition
and innovation in the banking industry.
Research Questions:
1. What was the impact of the Glass-Steagall Act on competition in the banking
industry?
2. How did the Glass-Steagall Act a ect the ability of banks to innovate in product and
service o erings?
3. What was the rationale for repealing the Glass-Steagall Act?
4. What were the consequences of the repeal of the Glass-Steagall Act for competition
and innovation in the banking industry?
5. What are the implications of the Glass-Steagall Act's repeal for future banking
regulation?

Methodology:
This research will use a mixed-methods approach, combining both quantitative and
qualitative data. The quantitative data will be collected from nancial statements,
regulatory lings, and other industry reports to examine trends in competition and
innovation before and after the Glass-Steagall Act's enactment and repeal. The qualitative
data will be gathered from interviews with banking executives, policymakers, and industry
experts to understand the impact of the Act on competition and innovation in the banking
industry.

Data Sources:
The data for this research will come from various sources, including industry reports,
nancial statements, regulatory lings, and interviews with industry experts and
policymakers.
Expected Results:
This research is expected to provide insights into the impact of the Glass-Steagall Act on
competition and innovation in the banking industry. The results will contribute to the
ongoing debate on the need for banking regulation and may inform future regulatory
decisions.

Conclusion:
The Glass-Steagall Act had a significant impact on the banking industry, and its repeal has led to
substantial changes in the industry's competitive landscape. By analysing the effect of the Act on
competition and innovation, this research aims to provide a better understanding of the benefits and
drawbacks of financial regulation. The results of this research may inform future regulatory
decisions to promote competition and innovation in the banking industry.
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