Epic Records

Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony

Music Entertainment, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of
Epic Records
America, the North American division of Japanese
conglomerate Sony. The label was founded predominantly as a
jazz and classical music label in 1953, but later expanded its
scope to include a more diverse range of genres, including pop,
R&B, rock, and hip hop.

History Parent
company
Sony Music
Entertainment
Founded 1953
Beginnings Founder Columbia Records

Epic Records was launched in 1953 by the Columbia Records Distributor(s) Sony Music
unit of CBS, for the purpose of marketing jazz, pop, and Entertainment
classical music that did not fit the theme of its more Genre Various
mainstream Columbia Records label. Initial classical music Country of United States
releases were from Philips Records which distributed
origin
Columbia product in Europe.[1] Pop talent on co-owned Okeh
Records were transferred to Epic which made Okeh a rhythm Location New York City
and blues label.[2] Epic's bright-yellow, black, and blue logo Official epicrecords.com (h
became a familiar trademark for many jazz and classical website ttp://epicrecords.co
releases. This has included such notables as the Berlin m)
Philharmonic, Charles Rosen, the Juilliard String Quartet,
Antal Doráti conducting the Hague Philharmonic, and George Szell conducting the Cleveland
Orchestra.

Expansion of genres and mainstream success

By 1960, Epic became better known for signing newer, fledgling acts. By the end of the 1960s, Epic
earned its first gold records and had evolved into a formidable hit-making force in rock and roll,
R&B and country music. Among its many acts, it included Roy Hamilton, Bobby Vinton, the Dave
Clark Five, the Hollies, Tammy Wynette, Donovan, the Yardbirds, Lulu, July, Helen Shapiro, Cliff
Richard, and Jeff Beck. Several of the British artists on the Epic roster during the 1960s were the
result of CBS's Epic/Okeh units' 1962 international distribution deal with EMI; Epic recordings
were issued via this arrangement by EMI on the Columbia label. Other British artists appearing on
Epic were a result of signings to the new UK CBS affiliate formed after the acquisition of Oriole
Records (UK) in August 1964.

Epic was involved in a notable "trade" of artists. Graham Nash was signed to Epic because of his
membership in The Hollies. When the newly formed Crosby, Stills & Nash wanted to sign with
Atlantic Records, Ahmet Ertegun worked out a deal with Clive Davis whereby Richie Furay's new
band Poco (having signed with Atlantic due to Furay's contract from being in Buffalo Springfield)
would sign with Epic.[3]
Epic's commercial success continued to grow and evolve in the 1970s with releases from ABBA (in
the UK), Boston, Cheap Trick, the Clash, Charlie Daniels, Gabriel, Heart, Heatwave, the Isley
Brothers, the Jacksons, George Jones, Labelle, Meat Loaf, Johnny Nash, Ted Nugent, REO
Speedwagon, Minnie Riperton, Pegasus, Charlie Rich, Sly & the Family Stone, Dan Fogelberg,
Starcastle, Steve Vai, and Edgar Winter. Also contributing to the label's success was its distribution
of Philadelphia International Records, which produced additional hit records by acts such as the
Three Degrees and McFadden and Whitehead.

Corporate structure

During the 1960s, Epic oversaw the smaller subsidiary CBS labels including Okeh Records and
Date Records. In 1968, Epic recordings began being distributed in the UK by CBS after the
distribution deal with EMI expired that year;[4] Epic itself launched in England around 1971.[5]

Sony Corporation bought CBS Records in 1987, and the company was renamed Sony Music in
1991. It began splitting European operations into two separate labels, Epic and Columbia, in 1992,
and in 1997, Sony Music Australia and New Zealand followed suit.[6]

In 2004, Sony merged with music distributor BMG, bringing Arista Records, Columbia Records,
Epic Records, J Records, Jive Records, RCA Records, and Zomba Group of Companies to one
parent company known as Sony BMG Music Entertainment.[7] In 2008, Sony bought out BMG for
$1.2 billion, bringing all affiliated labels together as Sony Music Entertainment International,
SMEI. The merger was approved by the European Union in 2009.[8]

1980s–2010

Epic was arguably one of the most successful labels of the 1980s and 1990s, and its mainstream
successes were fueled by its signing and releasing of albums by notable acts such as Michael
Jackson, Culture Club, the Miami Sound Machine and Gloria Estefan, Wham! and George Michael,
Adam Ant, Joe Diffie, Stephanie Bentley, Aldo Nova, Doug Stone, Living Colour, Dead or Alive,
Europe, Cyndi Lauper, Teena Marie, Ozzy Osbourne, Korn, Pearl Jam, Sade, Luther Vandross, the
Indigo Girls, Stevie Ray Vaughan, Rage Against the Machine, Céline Dion, Incubus, Ginuwine,
Oasis, and Ty Herndon, among many others. Michael Jackson's Thriller album, released by Epic, is
the best-selling album of all time, with sales of over 70 million copies worldwide. Another one of
the label's many successes came via George Michael's debut solo album Faith, which is estimated
to have sold 25 million copies worldwide.

Epic Soundtrax was founded as a film soundtrack label in 1992. It was central to Epic's 1990s
success, with 11 soundtrack releases cumulatively selling more than 40 million records over a
three-year period. Notable releases included soundtrack albums for Honeymoon in Vegas, Singles,
Sleepless in Seattle, Forrest Gump, Philadelphia, and Judgment Night.[9][10]

In 1999, Jennifer Lopez (J. Lo) released her debut album On the 6 (as part of WORK Group),
which was a critical and commercial success, going-on to sell over 8 million copies worldwide.[11]
Lopez's sophomore album, J.Lo (2001), experienced similar—if not greater—success, initially
selling over 8 million copies worldwide, and gaining multi-platinum status under Epic Records.[12]
The record spawned several international and domestic hits, including "Love Don't Cost a Thing",
"I'm Real ", "Play", and "Ain't it Funny". With her second album, Lopez became the first female
solo artist, under the record company, to reach the number one spot on the Billboard 200.[13] The
2002 remix album J TO THA L-O! The Remixes, which served as a follow-up to Lopez's sophomore
effort, was the first remix album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200, and became the
fourth best selling remix album of all time, behind albums by Michael Jackson (fellow Epic
Records artist), Madonna and The Beatles.[14] Furthermore, in the second week at number-one for
the remix album, Lopez's remixed single Ain't It Funny (Murder Remix) (with Ja Rule), was also
number one, making Lopez the only artist in history to have a number one remix album and single
in the same week.[15] Lopez's third studio album, released in late 2002, was also a success, titled
This is me... Then; the record sold 6 million copies worldwide and peaked at the second spot of the
Billboard 200.[16] Lopez's first full-length Spanish debut, Como Ama Una Mujer, became the first
Spanish-language debut album to enter the top 10 of the Billboard 200,[16] and has sold 1 million
copies worldwide. This was Lopez's final studio album under Epic Records before her move to
Island Def Jam and Capitol Records; she released her first greatest hits compilation, Dance
Again... The Hits, gaining critical success.[17]

In February 2009, Sony Music Group chairman Rob Stringer appointed singer-songwriter Amanda
Ghost as president of Epic.[18] Ghost, who had successfully promoted James Blunt to Grammy
Award-winning status,[19] was an unconventional and controversial choice for president because
she had no corporate executive experience.[20] She was expected to reverse the trend of declining
sales at Epic by promoting the label's newer and mid-tier artists such as Augustana.[19] Stringer
also merged Epic and Columbia to form the Columbia/Epic Label Group in 2009, with himself as
acting chairman. Ghost scored hit records for the Fray, Modest Mouse, Matisyahu and Sean
Kingston.[21] However, she delayed the scheduled release of Shakira's album She Wolf by insisting
that the album contain another song – "Give It Up to Me" featuring Lil Wayne and uncredited
Timbaland. This delay probably caused She Wolf to perform less well in the market. Epic staff
members described Ghost as "abrasive" and a "loose cannon". She was fired in October 2010, with
Stringer apologizing for his mistake: "I owe the people at Epic..."[19]

2011–present

In July 2011, L.A. Reid became the CEO of Epic Records, signing artists such as TLC, Toni Braxton,
Cher Lloyd, Avril Lavigne, Outkast, Future, Yo Gotti, Ciara, Meghan Trainor, DJ Khaled, and
Travis Scott.[22][23] Epic also signed the winners of The X Factor during the seasons that Reid
appeared on the show.[24]

In 2013, Sylvia Rhone, former president of Universal Motown, launched the imprint Vested In
Culture through Epic Records. A year later, she was named president of Epic.[25][26][27]

In November 2014, Mosley Music Group created a joint venture with Sony Music- with marketing,
publicity, distribution and overall label services provided by Epic. The joint venture was created
due to Timbaland's previous co-collaboration with Reid on Michael Jackson's posthumous album,
Xscape. Previously operated by Interscope, most of MMG's roster moved to Epic.[28]

In 2015, Def Jam Recordings parted ways with Mariah Carey and Carey reunited with Reid at Epic.
She had worked with Reid at Def Jam under The Island Def Jam Music Group in 2004. Carey's
deals with both Def Jam and Epic were at a fraction of the $80 million deal Carey had previously
signed with Virgin Records; Virgin later rescinded that deal after poor sales.[29][30] That same
month, it was announced that R&B group Jodeci had signed to the label and planned to release
their first studio album in 20 years.[31][32]

Wondaland Records, singer Janelle Monáe's imprint, entered into a joint venture with Epic in
2015.[33] Acts on Wondaland include Jidenna, St. Beauty, Deep Cotton and Roman GianArthur.[34]

In 2016, Jennifer Lopez returned to Sony Music, six years after leaving in favor of Island Def Jam
and Capitol Records. Lopez's multi-album deal reunited her with Reid, whom she signed with at
Island Def Jam in 2010.[35]
In January 2017, 21 Savage signed to Epic.[36] On May 11, 2017, it was announced that Reid would
exit as the label's CEO.[37] Following his exit, it was reported that Reid had been accused of sexual
harassment by multiple Epic employees.[38][39]

On April 23, 2019, it was announced that Rhone had been appointed as Chair and CEO of the
label.[40] In April 2023, Sony Music UK announced the relaunch of Epic Records UK as one of
their frontline labels, with former publishing executive Sarah Lockhart appointed as president.[41]

Formerly and presently affiliated labels

550 Music (1993–2000)
Blue Sky (1974–Present)
Caribou Records (1976–Present)
Cold Chillin' Records (1993–1998)
Date Records (1960s)
Duble Kick Entertainment (2010–2015)
Epic Records Nashville (? – May 2006)
Epic Soundtrax (1992–Present)
Epic Street (1993–1998-Legacy)
Cleveland International Records (1976–
1983-Present)
CTI Records (1980-Present)
Tuff City Records (1983–1984)
Hidden Beach Records (1998–2007)
Glacial Pace (mid–1990s)
Invictus Records (1973–1976)
Jet Records (1978–1983)
Kirshner Records (1974–1983)
MJJ Music (1988–2001)
MLD Entertainment (2010–2017)
Nemperor Records (1977–1990)
Ode Records (1967–1969, 1976–1979)
OKeh Records (1965–1970, 1994–2000)
Pasha Records (1979–1990)
Philadelphia International Records (1971–
1984)
Portrait Records (1976–1992)
Ruthless Records (1990, 1999–2009)
Scotti Brothers (1979–1988)
SOLAR Records (1989–1993)
Stone Music Entertainment (1994–2015-
Present)
T-Neck Records (1972–1984)
Tabu Records (1978–1991)
The WORK Group (1994–1999)
Virgin Records (1976–1978, 1982–1986)

Artists

Logos
Unlike sister label Columbia, Epic went through five different logos since its launch. Some logos
were temporarily revived for period reissues. The years shown below list the time served as the
label's primary logo.
First radial sound Second radial sound Big "E" logo, 1973– Gradient script logo,
sunburst logo, 1953– sunburst logo, 1960– 1978 1978–1991 (used in
1960 1973, 1998–2005 tandem with outlined
(still used by Epic script logo)
Records Japan)

Outlined script logo, Stacked-record logo, Simplified script logo, Red print logo, 2011–
1978–1991 (used in 1991–1998 2005–2011, 2015– 2015 (Still used in
tandem with gradient present Japan)
script logo)

See also
Epic Records Japan (Japanese branch of Epic Records)
List of record labels
Immortal Records

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External links
Official website (http://www.epicrecords.com)
Sony Music (http://www.sonymusic.com/)—parent company of Epic
Epic Records album discography, 1962–1970 (http://fonorama.cz/firmy/E/Epic.htm)

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