University of Mosul WWTP Design

College of Engineering Code No.: ENV441

Environmental Eng. Dept. Time: 3 hrs.
Level - 4 Date: 28/05/2023
Spring Final Exam Lecturers: Dr. Ammar

Remarks: ‫يسمح للطالب اإلجابة بقلم الرصاص‬

No. M. Question
a- Choose the correct answer for five of the following:
1-Chlorine spray over an aeration tank is practiced when:
a. Filamentous organisms are present causing bulking, b. The BOD loading to the aerator is too
low, c. The oxygen content in the aerator is too low, d. Nitrification is proceeding in the final
settling tank causing rising sludge, e. Nocardia foam is present in the aeration basin
2-Why must some activated sludge be wasted?
a.To prevent clogging of sludge return line, b. To prevent overloading of sludge, return pumps, c.
5 To improve filterability of sludge, d. To prevent an excessive solids buildup, e. To increase
GO-i digester gas production.
3-Removal of oil and grease from wastewater may be accomplished in the:
a.PST, b. SST, c. Grit chamber, d. All of the above, e. Other, specify
4-The type of settling in the secondary sedimentation tank is:
1
a.Flocculent, b. Discrete, c. Hindered, d. Compression, e. All of the above
5-The minimum cycle time of a submersible pump of a power (20 KW) is:
a.360 sec, b. 600 sec, c. 900 sec, d. 1200 sec, e. Other, specify
6. The process that combines suspended and attached growth systems into single unit is:
a-Stabilization pounds, b- Aerated lagoons, c- Trickling filter, d-Extended aeration system, e-
Rotating biological contactor
b-Fill in the blank for five of the following:
1. In a screen chamber of 1 m width, if the design peak flow is 50,000 m3/day, the depth of flow
over the hump will be ………….cm
2. Assuming the heat value of scum is 20,000 KJ/kg of dry solids, the energy that can be
extracted from scum removed from primary sedimentation tank designed on an average flow
of 10,000 m3/day is …….MJ/day
3. The area of aerobic stabilization pond receiving organic loading of 120 kg/day is ………….
10 hectares
GO-ii 4. If the ratio of design wastewater flow to initial flow is 1.5, the design period of 30 years will
be divided into ……………stages
5. One Liter of sewage contains … …… gm of solids
6. If the nitrogen required to maintain the biological treatment is 50 kg, then, the phosphorus
requirement is......... Kg
 For the activated sludge system shown in the Figure below, Answer five of the following, assuming
the cell residence time is 10 days;
1. Compute the BOD5 removal Efficiency?
2. Estimate Mixed Liquor volatile suspended solids (MLVSS) in the aeration Tank?
3. Estimate the returned activated sludge flowrate
4. What's the Sludge wasting rate (Qw)?
5. What’s the solid loading rate (SLR) on the final clarifier of diameter equal to 40 m?
15 6. Estimate food to microorganism ratio
2 GO-ii

a-A wastewater treatment plant has the following process train: bar screen, primary sedimentation
6
tank, completely mixed activated sludge aeration tank, and secondary sedimentation tank. Using
6 the average percent removal efficiencies for various units, conduct a rough estimation of the
GO-ii effluent quality in terms of BOD5 and TSS. The influent quality is as follows: BOD5 = 275, TSS
= 300
3 b-A horizontal grit removal facility is designed to treat a flow of 30,000 m3/d. The grit chamber
has length, width, and depth of 15 m, 1.5 m, and 1.0 m, respectively. Calculate two of the following:
6
(1) Terminal velocity of the smallest particle that will be removed
GO-ii
(2) Scour velocity
(3) Detention time
a-A primary sedimentation tank is designed on SOR=48 m3/m2/day basis at average design flow.
The influent wastewater characteristics are as follows: TSS= 300 mg/L and BOD5= 250 mg/L. The
dimensions of the tank as follows: length= 48 m, width= 12 m, and average side water depth=4 m.
Estimate Three of the following:
12
GO-ii 1. The minimum volume of hopper required to collect the sludge, assuming 50% removal
efficiency for total suspended solids
2. The capacity of single sludge pump assuming cycle time is 15 min and the operation time is 3
4 min.
3. Quality of effluent leaving the primary sedimentation tank
4. The average quantity of scum to be removed from the tank (m3/day)
b-Two pumps, each with a capacity of 0.1 m3/s are installed in a collection pit of a WWTP. The
6
individual pumps are not to start more often than four times per hour. Assume that the separation
6 between control functions is 0.15 m, and that the water level is 1.0 m above the floor when the first
GO-ii pump in sequence stops. If the area of the wet well is 10 m2, set up a control sequence of each
pump. Consider that the collection pit floor is completely flat.
 Solutions
Q1.
Q1.a
1- e
2- d
3- d
4- e
5- a
6- e

Q1.b
1- 32.4
2- 1600
3- 1
4- 2
5- 3-1
6- 10

Q2.
𝑲𝑺 (𝟏+𝒌𝒅 𝜽𝑪 ) 𝟖𝟎 (𝟏+𝟎.𝟎𝟓∗𝟏𝟎)
1- 𝒔 = [𝜽𝑪 (𝒀𝑲−𝒌𝒅 )−𝟏]
= = [𝟏𝟎 (𝟎.𝟓∗𝟒−𝟎.𝟎𝟓)−𝟏]
= 6.5 mg/L
𝑺𝟎 − 𝑺 250 − 6.5
𝑬𝒇𝒇𝒊𝒄𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒄𝒚 (%) = ∗ 𝟏𝟎𝟎 = ∗ 100 = 97.4 %
𝑺𝟎 250
𝒀.𝑸.𝜽𝒄 (𝑺 −𝑺) 0.5∗15000 ∗10∗(250−6.5)
2- (𝑋) = 𝑴𝑳𝑽𝑺𝑺 = 𝑽(𝟏+𝑲 𝟎𝜽𝒄) = 3000(1+0.05∗10)
= 4058 𝑚𝑔/𝐿
𝒅
𝑴𝑳𝑽𝑺𝑺 4058
𝑀𝑳𝑺𝑺 = = = 5073 𝑚𝑔/𝐿
𝟎. 𝟖 0.8
𝑿.𝑸 5073∗15000 𝑚3
3- (𝑸𝒓) = 𝑿𝒓−𝑿 = 10000−5073 = 15,445 𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝑽𝑿 3000∗5073
4- (𝑸𝒘) = 𝜽𝒄.𝑿𝒓 = = 152.2 𝑚3 /𝑑𝑎𝑦
10∗10,000
𝑸+𝑸𝒓−𝑸𝒘 15000+15445−152.2
5- (𝑸𝒔𝒔𝒕) = = = 30293 𝑚3 /𝑑𝑎𝑦
𝑵𝒔𝒔𝒕 1
𝟐
𝑫 402
𝐴𝒔𝒔𝒕 = 𝝅 =𝜋∗ = 1,256.6 𝑚2
𝟒 4
𝑿 5073 𝑘𝑔
𝑺𝑳𝑹 = 𝑸𝒔𝒔𝒕 ∗ = 30293 ∗ = 5.1 2
𝑨 1,256.6 ∗ 24 ∗ 1000 𝑚 . ℎ𝑟
𝑭 𝑸. 𝑺𝟎 15000∗ 250 −1
6- (𝑴) = 𝑽𝒂𝒄𝒕.𝑿 = 3000∗4058 = 0.31 𝑑𝑎𝑦

Q3.
Q3.a
Bar Screen
➢ BOD5= 275 mg/L
➢ TSS= 300 mg/L
 Primary Sedimentation Tank
Assume the removal efficiencies in PST are:
35% for BOD5
60% for TSS
➢ BOD5= 275*0.65= 179 mg/L
➢ TSS= 300*0.4= 120 mg/L

Completely Mixed Activated Sludge Aeration Tank

Assume the removal efficiency for BOD5 is 90%
➢ BOD5= 179 * 0.1= 17.9 mg/L
➢ Assume the MLSS in the aeration Tank= 3000 mg/L

Secondary Sedimentation Tank

➢ BOD5= 17.9 mg/L
➢ According to USEPA standards: TSS= 30 mg/L

Q3.b
𝑄 30000 𝑚
1. 𝑆𝑂𝑅 = 𝐿.𝑊 = 15∗1.5∗86400 = 0.015 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑄 30000 𝑚
2. 𝑉ℎ = 𝑊.𝑑 = 1.5∗1.0∗86400 = 0.23 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑉 𝐿∗𝑊∗𝑑 15∗1.5∗1.0
3. 𝐷𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 (𝐷. 𝑡) = 𝑄 = = ∗ 86400 = 65 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑄 30000

Q4.
Q4.a
1.
𝐐𝐚𝐯 = 𝐒𝐎𝐑 . 𝐀 = 48 ∗ 48 ∗ 12 = 27648 m2
Primary sludge characteristics:
Specific gravity of sludge (s.p.)= 1.01
Solids content (S) = 4.5%
TSS removal (R)= 50 %
TSS in the influent (TSSi) =300 mg/L
𝐓𝐒𝐒𝐢∗𝐑∗ 𝐐𝐚𝐯 300∗0.5∗ 27648∗100
Sludge produced per day= (𝐒𝐏) = 𝐒∗𝐬𝐩∗𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 4.5∗1.01∗1000∗1000 = 91.25 m3 /day =
3.8 m3 /hr
Assume the max storage time of sludge in the hopper= 1hr
Minimum volume of hopper= Volume of sludge accumulated in the hopper during 1hr
(Vsl)= SP*1= 3.8 * 1= 3.8 m3

2.
𝐂𝐭 15
The capacity of pump (𝐂𝐚𝐩) = 𝐒𝐏 ∗ 𝐎𝐍 = 3.8 ∗ 3 = 19 m3 /hr

3.
The effluent flow from primary sedimentation unit (𝐐) = 𝐐𝐚𝐯 − 𝐒𝐏 = 27648 −
91.25 = 27557 m3 /day
𝐑 𝐐𝐚𝐯 50 27648
TSS in the effluent (𝐓𝐒𝐒𝐞) = 𝐓𝐒𝐒𝐢 (𝟏 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎) ∗ 𝐐 = 300 (1 − 100) ∗ 27557 = 150.5 mg/L
Assume BOD5 removal (R1) = 35%
𝐑1 𝐐𝐚𝐯 35 27648 mg
BOD5 in the influent (𝐁𝐎𝐃𝟓𝒆 )= 𝐁𝐎𝐃𝟓𝒊 (𝟏 − 𝟏𝟎𝟎) ∗ 𝐐 = 250 (1 − 100) ∗ 27557 = 163 L
4.
Average quantity of scum (Sav) = 8 kg/1000 m3,
𝐒𝐚𝐯 ∗𝐐𝐚𝐯 8∗27648
𝐒𝐜 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝟎 = 1000 = 221.2 kg/day
sp. gr.=0.95, solid content=50%= 0.5,
221.2 𝑚3
Scum volume = 0.5∗0.95∗1000 = 0.47 day

Q4.b
𝛉𝐪 15∗60∗0.1
Effective volume of wet well 𝐕 = 𝟒 = = 22.5 m3
4
Volume of dead storage (𝐕𝐝) = 𝐇 ∗ 𝐀 = 1 ∗ 10 = 10 m3
Volume of active storage (𝐕𝐚) = 𝐕 − 𝐕𝐝 = 22.5 − 10 = 12.5 m3
𝐕𝐚 12.5
Height of active storage (ha) = 𝐀 = 10 = 1.25 m
➢ The elevation of second pump − ON = 1.25 𝑚
➢ The elevation of 1st pump − ON=1.25 − 0.15= 1.1 m
➢ The elevation of 2nd pump − OFF = 0.0 + 0.15 = 0.15 m
➢ The elevation of 1st pump − OFF = 0.0 m