Al-BAHRIA CSS INSTITUTE

&
Punjab Judicial Officers Academy
DAWN Editorials: 31 December 2023, Sunday

New beginnings? Word

Meaning
Synonyms
in Urdu
POLITICAL chaos, economic fragility and resurgent Delicacy,
terrorism were the key issues confronting Pakistan in 2023, 1. Fragility (N) ‫زناتک‬
Breakability
and will have to be dealt with head-on in 2024 by the new
government if the country is to embark on the path to Re-emerging,
2. Resurgent (Adj) ‫دوابرہدیپاوہےنوایل‬
stability. Needless to say, the three issues are interlinked, Reviving
and only a credible election bringing about an
uncontroversial administration can address these existential 3. Begin, Initiate
Embark (V) ‫رشوعرکان‬
issues. Any other outcome especially one that is managed
in an undemocratic manner will deepen our miseries. The
Essential,
abyss of default was narrowly averted in 2023, but that 4. Existential (Adj) ‫امہ‬
does not mean we are in the clear. As observers have noted, Crucial
stability has returned, but unless we fix our economic
fundamentals, the next financial crisis may not be too far 5. Avert (V) ‫روانک‬ Prevent, Stop
off. While promises of our friends in the Gulf to pour in
billions of dollars are reassuring, structural changes are Kindness,
6. Benevolence (N) ‫ّی‬
‫فایض‬
what is really required. This entails living within our Generosity
means, and not depending on the benevolence of others in
order to run the country. Further, the elite must bear the Frugality,
7. Austerity (N) ‫افکتیاعشری‬
largest burden of financial readjustment and austerity, not Thriftiness
the toiling masses that have already been crushed by record
inflation. It is a given that financial solvency can only be Laboring,
8. Toiling (Adj) ‫اکمرکےنواےل‬
achieved through political stability, which the country has Working
been missing for the last several years.
Financial
9. Solvency (N) ‫امیلااکحتسم‬ stability
Controversy continues to dog the pre-election process, and
if the 2024 polls are judged unfair by the electorate and the
principal political players, stability will continue to elude 10. Dog (V) ‫اعتبقرکان‬ Chase, Trace
Pakistan. In fact, the success of all future state policies is
linked to a non-controversial, democratically elected set-up.
11. Elude (V) ‫اانتجبرکان‬ Avoid, Escape
With regard to terrorism, 2023 saw a huge surge in attacks
by the banned TTP and allied groups, mostly targeting
security forces. The incoming dispensation will have to act 12. Surge (N) ‫اہبؤ‬،‫رہل‬ Flow, Rush
fast before these militant attacks transform into a full-blown
terrorist insurgency that military operations can at least
Governance,
partially quell. The new set-up will also have to frame a 13. Dispensation (N) ‫اظنم‬
proactive foreign policy. The larger region the Gulf and the Regime
Middle East is ready to explode, and Pakistan must be
prepared for the geopolitical, economic and military fallout 14. Quell (V) ‫روانک‬ Suppress, Stop
should a wider conflagration erupt. Meanwhile, ties are at
their lowest with India, and later in 2024, a new Outcome,
15. Fallout (N) ‫ہجیتن‬
government will also take the reins in New Delhi. Result
Managing this prickly relationship, reinvigorating the peace
process, and finding a just solution to the Kashmir question Conflict,
16. Conflagration (N) ‫ااشتنر‬
will be major challenges vis-à-vis ties with India. Suffice it Uproar
to say, good governance will not be easy for the next
administration. State institutions can take either of two 17. Erupt (V) ‫وھپ ٹنڑان‬ Explode, Burst
paths in 2024: the first entails respect for the constitutional
order and working to build a more progressive country; the
Irritable,
second is to keep plodding along the same tired course, and 18. Prickly (Adj) ‫کنتزماج‬
Tetchy
prepare to face the consequences.
19. Reinvigorate (V) ‫دوابرہاحبلرکان‬ Revive, Refresh

20. Plod (V) ‫ےتلچرانہ‬ Move, Walk

Arranged by: Prof Naveed Sabri

21 Babar Block, New Garden Town, Near Barkat Market Lahore
0333-4438610 0300-4469650 0300-1905555 042-35911609
 Al-BAHRIA CSS INSTITUTE
&
Punjab Judicial Officers Academy
DAWN Editorials: 31 December 2023, Sunday

Promise of Exim Word

Meaning
Synonyms
in Urdu
THE operationalisation of the Export-Import Bank
Export and
ought to transform the banking and trade finance 1. Exim (N) ‫درآدماتاورربآدمات‬
Import
landscape in Pakistan. It is expected to boost the
competitiveness of exporters, create opportunities for Operationalization
2. ‫ااجنمدیہ‬ Implementation
the export of services, help exporters diversify products (N)
and markets, and mitigate risks to banks. Exim`s
creation and operationalisation was a key goal of the Competitiveness Efficiency,
3. ‫اقتیلب‬
previous IMF programme signed in 2019, but was (N) Viability
delayed due to the Covid-19 pandemic and political and
economic turmoil in the country. Such institutions, as 4. Diversify (V) ‫الیھپان‬ Expand, Spread
pointed out by caretaker finance minister Shamshad
Akhtar in her address at the bank`s launch recently, play Alleviate,
5. Mitigate (V) ‫آاسنانبان‬،‫مکرکان‬
a tremendous role in export promotion. This can be Lessen
gauged from the fact that export-import institutions
disbursed $2.5tr of trade financing across the globe, 6. Turmoil (N) ‫ااشتنر‬ Chaos, Disorder
helping to drive up the exports of over 60 countries last
year. One of the most successful institutions is the Marvelous,
Vietnam Exim, which has helped push the country`s 7. Tremendous (Adj) ‫دمعہ‬
Wonderful
exports from $124bn in 2012 to $336bn in 2022.
Whether or not the Pakistani version of the bank Evaluate,
8. Gauge (V) ‫ادنازہاگلان‬
succeeds in enhancing exports depends largely on the Assess
government`s ability to get international reinsurance to
Spend,
scale up its operations. 9. Disburse (V) ‫رخچرکان‬
Distribute
Under the IMF programme, the powers to disburse Security,
concessionary credit for exporters will now be 10. Reinsurance (N) ‫ظفحت‬
Protection
transferred gradually from the State Bank to the Exim
bank in a phased manner. With this, the responsibility to Concessionary Preferential,
11. ‫راعیتی‬
provide subsidy on these loans will be shifted to the (Adj) Discriminatory
finance ministry through budget allocations. This
Privilege,
should bring about transparency in the disbursement of 12. Subsidy (N) ‫راعتی‬ Concession
concessionary credit, and increase such financing for
small and medium exporters, who are more in need of Distributions,
support and were until now at a disadvantage because of 13. Allocations (N) ‫صیصخت‬،‫میسقت‬ Provisions
the influence of large businesses. At the same time, it
will make monetary policy transmission more effective Expenditure,
14. Disbursement (N) ‫میسقت‬
in taming inflation. While the other core function of the Distribution
bank will be to introduce export credit insurance
products to protect exporters against the risk of credit 15. Monetary (Adj) ‫امیل‬ Fiscal, Financial
default on their foreign receivables and mitigate risks to
bank, it is also expected to support efforts to crowd in
foreign direct investment and green finance as its 16. Receivables (N) ُ ‫اقِلب‬
‫وصولرسامہی‬ Owed Money
Vietnamese counterpart has done. In short, the new
institution will strengthen external trade, attract Peer,
17. Counterpart (N) ‫مہبصنم‬
investments, and foster broader economic growth in the Equivalent
country. However, it would have to be shielded from
political interference to allow it to implement its 18. Foster (V) ‫رفوغدانی‬ Nurture, Raise
mandate effectively and transparently.
Order,
19. Mandate (N) ‫مکح‬
Command

Transparently Clearly,
20. ‫واعضوطررپ‬
(Adv) Obviously

Arranged by: Prof Naveed Sabri

21 Babar Block, New Garden Town, Near Barkat Market Lahore
0333-4438610 0300-4469650 0300-1905555 042-35911609
 Al-BAHRIA CSS INSTITUTE
&
Punjab Judicial Officers Academy
DAWN Editorials: 31 December 2023, Sunday

In democracy`s crosshairs Sr.# Word

Meaning
Synonyms
in Urdu
IT is usually assumed that spying on citizens is a
feature of authoritarian regimes. But if one were to 1. Crosshairs (N) ‫وتہجاکرمزک‬ Focus, Aim
ask American whistle-blower Edward Snowden, the
Authoritarian ‫ت‬ Autocratic,
answer would be a resounding no. Democracies are 2. ‫ُماراہن‬
in trouble and the assorted freedoms they once (Adj) Dictatorial
promised are crumbling. The media bears the brunt
of the betrayal, a fair share of which comes from 3. Assorted (Adj) ‫فلتخم‬ Diverse, Varied
perennially fragile South Asian democracies. But it is
in India that democracy is sliding on the steepest of 4. Brunt (N) ‫دصہم‬ Blow, Shock
slippery slopes. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in
particular, has put Indian and foreign media alike in Constantly,
5. Perennially (Adv) ‫وتمارت‬
the crosshairs of his Hindu nationalist project. The Repeatedly
raid on the BBC`s offices following its well-
Sharpest, Most
chronicled documentary on the Gujarat pogroms was 6. Steepest (Adj) ‫زیترتنی‬ inclined
symbolic of the times. Journalists are being harassed
and jailed, opposition leaders getting expelled and
7. Slopes (N) ‫ڈولھان‬ Slants, Inclines
suspended en masse from parliament. It was of a
piece with the rot when in October, Apple warned
Reported,
independent Indian journalists and opposition 8. Chronicled (Adj) ‫ایبنرکدہ‬
Recounted
politicians that government hackers may have tried to
break into their iPhones. 9. Expel (V) ‫اخرجرکان‬ Oust, Discharge

Mr Modi`s officials promptly acted the next day, but Collectively,

against Apple, questioning whether the Silicon 10. En masse (Adv) ‫ومجمیعوطررپ‬
Together
Valley company`s internal threat algorithms were not
faulty. An investigation was announced into the Decay,
11. Rot (N) ‫ڑسن‬
security of Apple devices, instead. Many of the more Putrefaction
than 20 people who received Apple`s recent warnings
12. Promptly (Adv) ً‫وفرا‬ Quickly
have been publicly critical of Mr Modi or his long-
time ally, Gautam Adani, an Indian energy and
Defective,
infrastructure tycoon. Of the journalists who received 13. Faulty (Adj) ‫بیعدار‬ Damaged
notifications, Anand Mangnale and Ravi Nair
belonged to the Organised Crime and Corruption Supporter,
14. Ally (N) ‫اِاحتدی‬ Partner
Reporting Project, a global alliance of independent,
investigative newsrooms. A day after the OCCRP Magnate,
15. Tycoon (N) ‫تہباریماترج‬
emailed Mr Adani seeking comment for a proposed Mogul
story on alleged stock manipulation, a forensic
Association,
analysis of Mr Mangnale`s phone by Amnesty 16. Alliance (N) ‫ااحتد‬
Union
International, and shared with The Washington Post,
found the Israeli spyware Pegasus planted in it. Is it a Investigative Analytical,
17. ‫یقیقحت‬
coincidence that Mr Adani runs Israel`s Haifa port, (Adj) Inspective
and Mr Modi supports Israel`s war in Gaza? Where Suspected,
do freedoms stand a chance? 18. Alleged (Adj) ‫ہنیبم‬ Unproven
Espionage
19. Spyware (N) ‫اجوسیسواالوسٹفوریئ‬
software

Malware
20. Pegasus (N) ‫اجوسیسواالوسٹفوریئ‬
software

Arranged by: Prof Naveed Sabri

21 Babar Block, New Garden Town, Near Barkat Market Lahore
0333-4438610 0300-4469650 0300-1905555 042-35911609