FUZZY ANALYTIC HIERARCHY

PROCESS METHOD
School of Industrial Engineering and Management
International University

Ha Thi Xuan Chi, PhD

CONTENTS

q Review of AHP
q Basic of fuzzy set theory
q Fuzzy AHP procedure
q Applications
q Homework

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1. REVIEW OF AHP

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 THE PROCEDURE OF AHP
Define criteria

Make pair-wise comparison

Build AHP matrices

Calculate of weights (Eigenvalue method)

Rank alternatives

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 2. BASIC OF FUZZY SET THEORY
Example:
The set of tall men. People taller than or equal to 6 feet are tall.
Classical set
• The membership function says: tall or not tall.
• Only tall men belong to the set.
• Works nicely for binary operations and mathematics
• Makes no difference between somebody who is 6
feet 1 inch and someone who is 7 feet
Are you taller than or equal to 6 feet?
Fuzzy set
• The degree of membership function : Very
tall, tall, not very tall,…
• Every man belongs to the fuzzy set
• Work as nicely in describing the real world
Give degree of high for each man
• Give degree of high membership function
for each man in the set
How tall are you?
 Fuzzy numbers:
A fuzzy number A% on R is a TFN if its membership function

x Î A%, µ A%( x) : R ® [0,1] is equal to:

ì( x - l ) / (m - l ), l £ x £ m
ï
µ A%( x) = í(u - x) / (u - m), m £ x £ u
ï0, otherwise
î
Where: l stand for the lower value of the fuzzy number

u upper bounds value of the fuzzy number

m for the modal value of the fuzzy number

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Basic arithmetic operations

A1 = (l1 , m1 , u1 ), A2 = (l2 , m2 , u2 )

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 Linguistic variable: a variable that takes words or sentences in natural
language as its value.

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 Applying fuzzy in AHP

Age Experience

Scale:

Fuzzy AHP
(7,9,9) (5,7,9) (3,5,7) (1,3,5) (1,1,1) (1/5,1/3,1) (1/7, 1/5,1/3) (1/5,1/7,1/9) (1/9,1/9,1/7)

AHP
9 7 5 3 1 1/3 1/5 1/7 1/9

Extremely Important Equal Important Extremely

Moderate Moderate Very important

Very important
important important

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3. FUZZY AHP PROCEDURES

Define criteria

Make pair-wise comparison

Build AHP matrices

Calculate of fuzzy weights (Geometric mean

method)

Rank alternatives( CoA method)

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BUILD A MATRIX

Experience

Education

Charisma
Age
~ ~ ~ ~
Age
1 5 7 7
~ -1 ~ ~ ~ -1
Experience 5 1 3 5
~ -1 ~ -1 ~ ~ -1
Education
7 3 1 3
~ -1 ~ ~ ~
Charisma
7 5 3 1

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 HOW TO CALCULATE FUZZY WEIGHTS

Eigen value method

Geometric mean method

Linear programming method

Fuzzy Lambada-max method

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 Geometric mean method (Buckey 1985)

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 Calculate fuzzy weight of criterion
(Geometric mean method)

Experience

Education

Charisma
Age Fuzzy Geometric mean of
criteria (rj)

~ ~ ~ ~
Age
1 5 7 7
~ -1 ~ ~ ~ -1
Experience 5 1 3 5
~ -1 ~ -1 ~ ~ -1
Education
7 3 1 3
~ -1 ~ ~ ~
Charisma
7 5 3 1

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 Fuzzy Geometric
mean value of
criteria (rj)

(
~ ~ ~ ~ 1/ 4
1Ä5Ä7Ä7 )

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Fuzzy Geometric mean
value of criteria (ri) Fuzzy weights of criteria(wj)

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 Calculate the fuzzy weights of Alternatives under each
criterion ( Geometric mean method)

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Pair wise comparison of Candidates for Age

Tom Dick Harry

Tom (1,1,3) (3,5,7) (1,3,5)
Dick (1/7,1/5,1/3) (1,1,3) (1/5,1/3,1)
Harry (1/5,1/3,1) (1,3,5) (1,1,3)

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 Pair wise comparison of Candidates for Experience

Tom Dick Harry

Tom (1,1,3) (1/7,1/5,1/3) (1/5,1/3,1)

Dick (3,5,7) (1,1,3) (1,3,5)

Harry (1,3,5) (1/5,1/3,1) (1,1,3)

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 Pair wise comparison of Candidates for Education

Tom Dick Harry

Tom (1,1,3) (1/5,1/3,1) (1/7,1/5,1/3)

Dick (1,3,5) (1,1,3) (1/9,1/7,1/5)

Harry (3,5,7) (5,7,9) (1,1,3)

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 Pair wise comparison of Candidates for Charisma
Tom Dick Harry
Tom (1,1,3) (1,3,5) (3,5,7)

Dick (1/5,1/3,1) (1,1,3) (1/9,1/7,1/5)

Harry (1/9,1/7,1/5) (5,7,9) (1,1,3)

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 How to rank alternatives

Mean of maximal method

Center of area method

Alpha-cut method

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 CoA method

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 The final fuzzy weight value of each alternative :

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4. APPLICATIONS

Apply for dealing with multi-criteria solving problems:

Energy

Transportation

Engineering,…

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5. HOMEWORK
Please use fuzzy AHP method to find the ranking order of
alternatives in the above-mentioned example.

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