MADE BY:-KARDEL:PRATIKSHA.

GORAKHNATH
GRADE:-IGCSE2023(X-A)
SUBJECT:-biology
TOPIC:-energy
SUBTOPIC:-biotechnology

 In biology biotechnology is used in various ways such as making biofuels,

baking bread, making penicillin and much more.
 What are biofuels?
Biofuels are alternative fuels made from plant and plant-derived resources.
Biofuels are used mainly for transportation. There are two types of biofuels:
bioethanol and biodiesel. Bioethanol, the principal fuel used as substitute for
petrol for road transport vehicles, is mainly produced by the sugar
fermentation process of cellulose (starch), which is mostly derived from maize
and sugar cane. Biodiesel on the other hand is mainly produced from oil crops
such as rapeseed, palm, and soybean .

 biotechnology renewable energy –

Microbial biotechnology is an important strategy for sustainable bioprocesses
in which microorganisms and their enzymes are used for the conversion of
carbohydrates, lignins, glycerols into various renewable resources like
bioenergy production
 how is energy used in biotechnology-
Biotechnology can contribute to the fossil fuel industry by assisting the
production of fossil fuels, upgrading fuels, bioremediation of water, soil, and
air, and in the control of microbiologically influenced corrosion
 Bread Making
Flour, sugar, water and salt are mixed with yeast to make the dough.
Amylase breaks down some starch to make maltose and glucose. This is used
by yeast in respiration
The dough is kept in a warm, moist environment (28°c). Yeast ferments sugar
making carbon dioxide which creates bubbles, so bread rises
Cooking (at 180°c) – kills yeast, evaporates alcohol and hardens outer surface.