ACTIVITY 2:

1. Read and examine the codes and regulations thoroughly.

 For every code and regulation, take notes and highlight relevant sections pertaining to
the building design.

There are seven codes and regulations that were frequently used in building or construction in
the Philippines and they are: National Building Code of the Philippines, Architectural code, Fire
code, National Structural Code of the Philippines, Electrical Code, National Plumbing Code, and
Sanitation code. The primary goal of building codes is to establish minimum standards for the
protection of the public's health, safety, and well-being when it comes to the construction and use
of buildings and structures. Here are some important sections that pertains to building design:

National Building Code of the Philippines

 SECTION 102. Policy of the State to safeguard life, health, property, and public welfare.

 SECTION 104. Buildings or structures intended to be used for the manufacture.

All buildings or structures intended to be used for the manufacture and/or production of
any kind of article or product shall observe adequate environmental safeguards. Buildings
or structures and all parts thereof as well as all facilities found therein shall be maintained
in safe, sanitary and good working condition.

 SECTION 105. The land or site upon which will be constructed any building or
structure, or any ancillary or auxiliary facility thereto, shall be sanitary, hygienic or safe.

 SECTION 206. Qualifications of Building Officials.

No person shall be appointed as Building Official unless he possesses the following
qualifications:
1. A Filipino citizen and of good moral character.
2. A duly registered architect or civil engineer.
3. A member of good standing of a duly accredited organization of his profession for not
less than five (5) years endorsed or recommended by the accredited professional
organization.
4. Has at least five (5) years of diversified and professional experience in building
design and construction.
 SECTION 209. Exemption
Public buildings and traditional indigenous family dwellings are exempt from paying
building permit fees, the total cost of which does not exceed fifteen thousand pesos (P
15,000.00).

 SECTION 214. Dangerous and Ruinous Buildings or Structures

Dangerous buildings are those that pose a hazard to human life, health or public welfare
because of inadequate maintenance, dilapidation, obsolescence, or abandonment; or
which otherwise contribute to the pollution of the site or the community to an intolerable
degree.

 SECTION 215. Abatement of Dangerous Buildings

Building Official may order repair, vacation or demolition depending upon the degree of
danger to life, health, or safety. This is without prejudice to further action that may be
taken under the provisions of Articles 482 and 694 to 707 of the Civil Code of the
Philippines.

 SECTION 301. Building Permits

No person, firm or corporation, including any agency or instrumentality of the
government shall erect, construct, alter, repair, move, convert or demolish any building or
structure or cause the same to be done without first obtaining a building permit therefor
from the Building Official assigned in the place where the subject building is located or
the building work is to be done.

 SECTION 501. Fire Zones Defined

Fire zones are areas within which only certain types of buildings are permitted to be
constructed
based on their use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to fire.

 SECTION 502. Buildings located in more than One Fire Zone

 A building or structure which is located partly in one fire zone and partly in another shall
be considered to be in the more highly restrictive fire zone, when more than one-third of
its total floor area is located in such zone.

 SECTION 601. Fire-Resistive Rating defined

Fire-resistive rating means the degree to which a material can withstand fire as
determined by generally recognized and accepted testing methods.

 SECTION 603. Fire-Resistive Standards

All materials of construction, and assemblies or combinations thereof shall be classified
according to their fire-retardant or flame-spread ratings as determined by general
accepted testing methods and/or by the Secretary.

 SECTION 701. Occupancy Classified.

 SECTION 704. Location on Property

1. General
2. Fire Resistance of Walls
3. Buildings on Same property and buildings Containing Courts

 SECTION 705. Allowable Floor Areas

The Secretary of State has the power to limit the allowable floor areas for one-storey
building and buildings over one storey. For purposes of this Section, each portion of a
building separated by one or more area separation walls may be considered a separate
building provided the area separation walls meet the requirements prescribed therefor by
the Secretary.

 SECTION 801. General Requirements of Light and Ventilation

(a) Subject to the provisions of the Civil Code of the Philippines on Easements of Light
and View, and to the provisions of this part of the Code, every building shall be designed,
constructed, and
 equipped to provide adequate light and ventilation.
(b) All buildings shall face a street or public alley or a private street which has been duly
approved.
(c) No building shall be altered nor arranged so as to reduce the size of any room or the
relative area of windows to less than that provided for buildings under this Code, or to
create an additional room, unless such additional room conforms to the requirements of
this Code.
(d) No building shall be enlarged so that the dimensions of the required court or yard
would be less than that prescribed for such building.

 SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy

Minimum site occupancy shall be governed by the use, type of construction, and height
of the building and the use, area, nature, and location of the site; and subject to the
provisions of the local zoning requirements and in accordance with the rules and
regulations promulgated by the Secretary.

 SECTION 808. Window Openings

Every room intended for any use, not provided with artificial ventilation system as herein
specified in this Code, shall be provided with a window or windows with a total free area
of openings and equal to at least ten percent of the floor area of room, and such window
shall open directly to a court, yard, public street or alley, or open water courses.

 SECTION 903. Wastewater Disposal System

(a) Sanitary sewage from buildings and neutralized or pre-treated industrial wastewater
shall be discharged directly into the nearest street sanitary sewer main of existing
municipal or city sanitary sewerage system in accordance with the criteria set by the
Code on Sanitation and the National Pollution Control Commission.
(b) All buildings located in areas where there are no available sanitary sewerage system
shall dispose their sewage “Imhoff” or septic tank and subsurface absorption field.
(c) Sanitary and industrial plumbing installations inside buildings and premises shall
conform to the provisions of the National Plumbing Code.
  SECTION 904. Storm Drainage System
(a) Rainwater drainage shall not discharge to the sanitary sewer system.
(b) Adequate provisions shall be made to drain low areas in buildings and their premises.

 SECTION 1003. Projection of Balconies and Appendages Over Streets

(a) The extent of any projection over an alley or street shall be uniform within a block
and shall conform to the limitations set forth in Table 1003-A; Projection of Balconies
and Appendages (Annex B-2).
(b) The clearance between the established grade of the street and/or sidewalk and the
lowest under surface of any part of the balcony shall not be less than 3.00 meters.

 SECTION 1108. Demolition

(a) The work of demolishing any building shall not be commenced until all the necessary
pedestrian protective structures are in place.
(b) The Building Official may require the permittee to submit plans, specifications and
complete schedule of demolition. When so required, no work shall be done until such
plans, specifications and schedule approved by the Building Official.

 SECTION 1403. Fire Extinguishing System

Unless otherwise provided in this Code, all fire extinguishing systems when so required
shall be of a type, specifications, and methods of installation as prescribed in accordance
with the requirements of the Secretary.

 It is the requirements on building design, construction, use, occupancy and

maintenance in line with the policy of the state to safeguard life, health, property and
public welfare.

Architectural Code of the Philippines

 SECTION 1.1. Architectural code or shall have a mandatory force.
  SECTION 4.1. Building should be functioning and aesthetically pleasing.
 SECTION 5.1. All land or site should be checked by the architect.
 SECTION 2.1. The code shall apply to the design and construction, repair, alteration,
renovation and use of any building.
 SECTION 2.5. This code is in innovation and creative design.
 SECTION 3. General, historic buildings and existing buildings shall comply in this code.
 SECTION 4. From the R.A 545 Law, the architect is the one responsible for the design
of the building.
 SECTION 2. Building Permit
 SECTION 7. Building Area Calculation
 SECTION 2.8.1. Location on Property
 SECTION 2.8.2 Buildings shall have fire-resistive protection.
 SECTION 2.12. Sprinklers and standpipe system.

Fire Code of the Philippines

 SECTION 2. Prevention and suppression of all kinds, of destructive fires, and promote
the professionalization of the fire service as a profession.
 SECTION 4. Fire Code shall apply to all persons.
 SECTION 7. Fire safety inspection
 SECTION 8. Prohibited Acts.
 SECTION 9. Fire Hazards.

 This code is strictly implemented to prevent the fire and to also promote the fire
services in the Philippines.

Plumbing Code of the Philippines

 SECTION 2. Act shall embrace services in the form of consultations, designing,
preparations of plans, specifications; estimates, erection, installation and supervision of
plumbing work including the inspection and acceptance of materials used.
 SECTION 3. Chairman and two members who shall be appointed by the President of the
Philippines upon the recommendation of the Commissioner of Civil Service3 in
 consultation with a duly registered national association of master plumbers. The members
of the Board shall hold office for a term of three years.
 SECTION 4. Any person failing or refusing to obey the subpoena or subpoena duces
tecum or order of the said court may be proceeded against in the same manners as for
refusal to obey any other subpoena or subpoena duces tecum or order of the court.
 SECTION 5. The President of the Philippines is hereby authorized to issue rules and
regulations to carry into effect the objectives of this Act, in accordance with the
following basic principles, except in cases where it may prove oppressive or excessively
burdensome to those without sufficient means and to such buildings, structures or
constructions valued at five thousand pesos or less.
 SECTION 8. All fees shall be received by the disbursing officer of the Bureau of Civil
Service, and said officer shall pay all authorized expenses of the Board including the
compensation provided herein above for members of the Board.
 SECTION 9. All records and minutes of the Board, including all examination papers,
shall be kept by the Bureau of Civil Service.
 SECTION 11. A roster showing the names and address of master plumbers shall be
prepared by the Commissioner of Civil Service.
 SECTION 18. the event of a refusal to issue a certificate to any person, the Board shall
give to the applicant a written statement setting forth its reason for such action, which
statement shall be incorporated into the records of the Board.

National Structural Code of the Philippines

 SECTION 203. Combination of loads.
 SECTION 208. Earthquake loads.
 CHAPTER 4. Tackles about the structural Concrete.
 SECTION 401. Two-way Slabs.
 SECTION 409. Beams
 SECTION 418. Earthquake-Resistant structures.
 SECTION 419. The design and durability of the structures.
 SECTION 426. This is the inspection of all the documents.
  This is to safeguard the public health and safety nationwide.

Philippine Electrical Code

 The Energy Regulatory Commission adopts the PEC Part 1 and Part 2 set by the
Professional Regulation Commission as Safety Standards for Generation Companies,
Transmission Providers, Distribution Utilities and Suppliers in the Philippine Grid Code
(PGC) and Philippine Distribution Code (PDC).
 Also adopted in the Occupational Safety and Health Standards by the BWC-DOLE as a
“Electrical Safety Standard” (Rule 1210-Electrical Safety).
 The Fire Code for the Safe Use of Electricity Minimum Electrical Safety Standard.
 This Code is intended as a design specification or an instruction manual for qualified
persons. Electrical designs must comply with the requirements of Code to ensure
safety. Energy management, maintenance, and power quality issues aren’t within the
scope of the Code. Consideration should be given for future expansion of electrical
systems but this is not a Code requirement.

Sanitation Code of the Philippines

 SECTION 9. The treatment of water to render it safe for drinking, and the disinfection of
contaminated water sources together with their distribution systems shall be in
accordance with procedures prescribed by the Department.
 SECTION 11. Initial and periodic examination is need for the water supply.
 SECTION 12. The examination of drinking water shall be performed only in private or
government laboratories duly accredited by the Department.
 SECTION 13. No artisans, deep or shallow well shall be constructed within 25 meters
from any source of pollution.
 SECTION 14. Sanitary Permit.
 SECTION 17. Structural requirements.
 SECTION 21. Toilet and washing facilities.
 SECTION 41. The Physical Environment – In the design and construction of the school
plant shall consider the site, grounds and buildings.
It promotes or apply the sanitation and the cleanliness of every structure. These structures should
deliver a good sanitation to prevent viruses.
There are still houses that encounters problems like my own residence like Poor Water, Drainage
Around Home, Poor Kitchen Ventilation, Presence of Termites, and Squeaky Doors. Here are the
causes of problems that was mentioned:
1. Poor Water Drainage Around Home
 Clogged Gutters
 Insufficient Drainage in Yard and Landscaping
 The septic tank is clogged because the used materials after building the house
were inside of it.

2. Poor Kitchen ventilation

 No windows
 The Gas range and appliances makes the temperature increase
 There are a lot of things inside the kitchen

3. Presence of Termites
 Moisture
 Wooden joints

4. Squeaky Doors
 Rust
 Wear

These are the solutions to fix and resolve the problems mentioned.
1. Poor Water Drainage Around Home
 Clean Gutters
 Re-landscape Around Home for better Drainage
 Call a specialist that cleans septic tanks

2. Poor Kitchen ventilation

  Install Range Hoods
 Minimize the things in Kitchen

3. There are presence of Termites

 Apply Anti-termite treatment to the home’s exterior
 Replace or fix the damages by termites

4. Squeaky Doors
 Remove Hinge Pins and Coat with Lubricant
 Replace Hinges
Since our residence are made before we moved in, we have no control on the design and
structural plans. I believe that the problems that was encountered are because of the contractor,
laborers, and architects.