DOI:

314.743:7.035.36(430)(7)
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(In)visible Migrants: the Nazarene Emigration to North America

during Communism in Yugoslavia

The migration of religious minorities from the region of Southeast Europe to North America
was not in the focus of ethno-anthropological, sociological and historiographical research
until recently. In the last two decades, the main focus in migration studies was on labor and
economic migration, and only indirectly to the religious identity of migrants. This paper
discusses the migration of one neo-Protestant religious minority – the Nazarenes, who
emigrated massively from Yugoslavia to North America after the Second World War. The
Nazarenes were pacifists, refusing to bear arms, take an oath, or to be members of political
organizations. By adhering to their strict religious beliefs, the Nazarenes came into conflict
with the state authorities. After the Second World War, the communist state considered
Nazarenes as disloyal citizens and a threat to the government. From 1949, the Nazarenes

669
 а и а и и а LXV (3); 669-686 

were condemned to severe prison sentences in the worst prisons such as Goli tok. In this
period, the illegal emigration of Nazarenes to North America started. The material collected
for the purposes of this paper came to be the result of empirical research, conducted in the
United States (March-June 2015) with members of the Nazarene community who emigrated
from Yugoslavia between 1950 and 1975. Emphasizing the role of religion in the process of
migration, as well as the transformation of the community after several decades in their new
setting, this paper analyzes the oral history of emigration of the Nazarenes during
communism, where emigration is seen as 'survival strategy' for this religious minority.
Key words: migration, religion, Nazarenes, Yugoslavia, North America.

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/ Received: 21. 03. 2017.

/ Accepted: 06. 11. 2017.

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