Review Innovations CE Review for April 2023 – Algebra 4

Arithmetic Progression (A.P.) 3. The numbers 28, x + 2, 112 are the first three terms in a
A sequence of numbers is in A.P. if any number after the first GP. What is the 31st term? Answer: 30,064,771,070

is obtained by adding a fixed number to the one
immediately preceding it. The fixed number that is added is
called the common difference, d.
Example: 2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17
Formulas for A.P.
d = a2 - a1 = a3 - a2 = a4 - a3 = ...
an = a1 + (n - 1)d or an = am + (n - m)d
n n
Sn = ( a1 + an ) or Sn = [ 2 a1 + (n - 1)d]
2 2
4. Find the sum of a sequence of four positive numbers, the
first of which is 6 and the fourth of which is 16, if the first
three numbers form an AP and the last three numbers
form a GP. Answer: 43
5. The arithmetic mean of two numbers is 7.5 & their
harmonic mean is 4.8. Find their geometric mean.
Answer: 6
6. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 9m and each
time it strikes the ground, it bounces to a height 2/3 of
that from which it falls. Find the total distance travelled
by the ball before it comes to rest. Answer: 45 m

7. If the 1st, 5th and the 8th terms of an AP will form a GP,
Geometric Progression (G.P.) what would be the common ratio of this GP? Answer: 3/4
A sequence of numbers is in G.P. if any number after the first
is obtained by multiplying a fixed number to the one 8. For a known GP, a1 = 5/21 and r = 1.2. Calculate the
immediately preceding it. The fixed number that is product of the first 21 terms. Ans: 3,465.98
multiplied is called the common ratio, r. 9. From a tank filled with 240 gallons of alcohol, 60 gallons
Example: 2, 6, 18, 54, 162, 486 are drawn off and the tank is filled up with water. Then
60 gallons of the mixture are removed and replaced with
Formulas for G.P. water, and so on. How many gallons of alcohol remain
a a a in the tank after 5 drawings of 60 gallons each are made?
r = 2 = 3 = 4 = ... Answer: 57 gallons
a1 a2 a3
10. Let {xn} be an AP such that x4 + x7 + x10 + x20 + x23 + x26 =
an = a1r n-1 or an = amr n-m 444. Find the sum of the first 29 terms of {xn}.
a1 (1 - r n ) a (r n - 1) Answer: 2146 gallons
Sn = or Sn = 1
1-r r -1
For Practice:
Where: an = nth term usually the last term 1. Determine x so that x, 2x + 7, 10x – 7 will be a geometric
am = a term after a1 but before an progression. Answer: 7; -7/6
Sn = sum of n terms
2. Find the harmonic mean between 3 & 11. Ans: 33/7

Product of the first n terms of G.P. 3. A cask containing 20 liters of wine was emptied of one-
fifth of its contents and then filled with water. If this is
𝑃! = 𝑎" ! × 𝑟 !(!$")/' done 20 times, how many liters of wine will remain in
the cask? Answer: 0.2306 li

4. The arithmetic mean of two numbers exceeds their

Infinite Geometric Progression (I.G.P.) geometric mean by two. Find the numbers if one is 40
A G.P. in which -1 ≤ r ≤ 1, r ≠ 0 and n = ∞ less than the other. Answer: 81 & 121

a1 5. Insert three arithmetic means between 11 & 14.

Sn = Answer: 11.75, 12.5, 13.25
1-r
6. Find the common ratio of an IGP in which any term is
Harmonic Progression (H.P.) thrice the sum of the succeeding terms. Answer: 1/4

A sequence of numbers are in H.P. if their reciprocals form 7. A besieged fortress is held by 5,700 men who have
an A.P. provisions for 66 days. If the fortress loses 20 men each
Example: 1/2, 1/5, 1/8, 1/11, 1/14, 1/17 day, for how long will the provisions hold out?
Answer: 76 days

8. The first three terms in AP are 20, 16 and 12. Which term
Relationship between Arithmetic Mean, Harmonic Mean, and is -96? Answer: 30th term
Geometric Mean of Two Numbers 9. In a display window a grocer wishes to place boxes of
2
GM = AM ´ HM detergent in pyramid form so that the bottom row
contains 15 boxes, the next row contains 14 boxes, the
next row contains 13 boxes, and so on, with one box on
top. How many boxes of detergent are necessary for the
Problems: pyramid? Answer: 120
1. How many three-digit numbers are not divisible by 3?
Answer: 600 10. Find the 8th term in the following series of numbers: 6,
7, 11, 20, 36, ... Answer: 146
2. A contractor who does not meet the deadline on the
construction of a building is fined P40,000 per day for 11. Insert three harmonic means between -1/2 and 1/14.
each of the first ten days of extra time, and for each 12. Compute the 16th term of HP if the 6th and 11th term of
additional day thereafter the fine is increased by P8,000. HP are 10 and 18, respectively. Answer: 90
If the contractor is fined P1,008,000, by how many extra
days was the construction delayed? Answer: 18 13. Solve for x if x + 4, x + 1, x is in harmonic sequence.
Answer: 2

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 Review Innovations CE Review for April 2023 – Algebra 4
14. The arithmetic mean of two numbers is 37 and their
geometric mean is 35. What is the difference between
their harmonic mean and geometric mean? Answer: 1.892
15. Insert 4 numbers between the roots of the equation 32x2
– 825x +2187 = 0 so that they would make a geometric
progression. Calculate the sum of all the terms.
Ans: 1995/32

16. An equilateral triangle is inscribed within a circle whose

diameter is 12 cm. In this triangle a circle is inscribed;
and in this circle, another equilateral triangle is
inscribed; and so on indefinitely. Find the sum of the
areas of all the triangles. Answer: 62.35 cm2

17. Benjie set out on a bike at the rate of 6 km/hr. After

Benjie had gone 2 hours, Jerwin set out to overtake him
and went on a bike 4 km the 1st hour, 5 km the 2nd hour,
6 km the 3rd hour, and so on, gaining 1 km every hour.
After how many hours were they together?
Answer: 8 hrs of Jerwin

18. The sum of three numbers is 7 and the sum their

reciprocals is 7/5. If these three numbers form into a GP,
find their product. Ans: 11.18

19. The sequence a, b, c is an AP and the sequence a, b, c + 1

is in GP. If a = 1, find the value of c. Answer: 3
20. Three real numbers are in geometric progression. If The
sum of the numbers is 26 and the sum of their squares is
364, find their product.
21. A small boy was assisted by his older brother to ride a
swing in the park. His kuya made his first swing to pass
through an arc of 18 m. With each swing, the small boy
passes through an arc 2/3 of the length of arc of the
previous swing. What is the total distance the small boy
travelled when he waited for the swing to stop before he
disembarks? Answer: 54 m

22. A given sequence is defined as follows: an+1 − an = 3n. If

the 1st term is equal to 1, find the 10th term. Answer: 29,524
23. The sum to infinity of
1 2 1 2
+ '+ (+ )+⋯
7 7 7 7
is: Answer: 3/16

24. The interior angles of a convex nonagon have degree

measures that are integers in arithmetic sequence. What
is the smallest angle possible in this nonagon?
Answer: 104°

25. If 400 more than the sum of p consecutive integers is

equal to the sum of the next p consecutive integers, what
is the value of p? Answer: 20

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