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Financial Accounting

Accounting :- Accounting og izfdz;k gS ftlds }kjk fdlh O;fDr fo”ks’k ;k laLFkk

ds vkfFkZd ysu nsu dk fooj.k j[kk tkrk gSA

Account :- fdlh O;fDr fo”ks’k ;k laLFkk ls gksus okys vkfFkZd ysu&nsu dks mlls
lEcfU/kr Account esa fjdkMZ fd;k tkrk gSA tks fd ml O;fDr fo”ks’k ;k laLFkk ls
gksus okys ysu&nsu dks n”kkZrk gSA

Types of Account :- Account eq[; :i ls rhu izdkj ds gksrs gSa&

1- O;fDrxr [kkrk (Personal Account)
2- okLrfod [kkrk (Real Account)
3- vokLrfod ;k uke ek= [kkrk (Nominal Account)

Personal Account :- tSl&

s Account of Mr. X, Abc. Ltd. , etc.

Real Account :- tSls& Account of Machinery, Land & Building, Furniture etc.

Nominal Account :- tSl&

s Account of Salary, Wages, Commission, Discount etc.

Rules of Debit and Credit :-

Account Debit(Dr.) Credit(Cr.)

Personal Account Receiver Giver
(izkIr djus okyk) (nsus okyk)
Real Account Comes in Goes out
(vkus okyh lEifRr) ( tkus okyh lEifRr)

Nominal Account Expenses & Losses Income & Gains

(O;; ,oa gkfu) (vk; ,oa ykHk)

Capital :- og Amount(Rs., other Assets) tks fdlh O;fDr }kjk fdlh O;olk; esa yxk;k
tkrk gSA mls Capital dgk tkrk gSA

Assets :- fdlh Hkh izdkj dh Properties, vf/kdkj ;k Debt dks Assets dgk tkrk gSA

Liabilities :- fdlh Hkh izdkj dk nkf;Ro ;k m/kkjh Liabilities dgykrk gSA

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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Profit & Loss Account :- ;g Account fdlh laLFkk dk fuf”pr foRrh; o’kZ esa gq,
Gross Profit & Net Profit ;k Gross Loss & Net Loss dks n”kZkrk gSA

Balance Sheet :- fdlh laLFkk dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks n”kkZrk gSA blds cka;s Hkkx esa
Liabilities vkSj nk;sa Hkkx esa Assets, show gksrk gSA
Some Transaction and their treatment at the time of passing journal entries :-

1. Paid wages Rs. 500 -

Wages – Nominal Account – Expense → Debit

Cash – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

Wages A/c Dr. 500

To Cash A/c Cr. 500

2. Purchase goods for cash Rs. 400 –

Purchase – Nominal Account – Expense → Debit

Cash – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

Purchase A/c Dr. 400

To Cash A/c Cr. 400

3. Purchase Plant for cash Rs. 1000 –

Plant – Real Account – Comes in → Debit

Cash – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

Plant A/c Dr. 1,000

To Cash A/c Cr. 1,000

4. Started Business with Capital of Rs. 50,000 –

Cash – Real Account – Comes in → Debit

Capital – Personal Account – Giver → Credit

Cash A/c Dr. 50,000

To Capital A/c Cr. 50,000

5. Purchase goods from Mr. Amit of Rs. 2000-

Purchase – Nominal Account – Expense → Debit

Mr. Amit – Personal Account – Giver → Credit

Purchase A/c Dr. 2,000

To Mr. Amit A/c Cr. 2,000

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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6. Purchase goods for cash Rs. 3,000 –

Purchase – Nominal Account – Expense → Debit

Cash – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

Purchase A/c Dr. 3,000

To Cash A/c Cr. 3,000

7. Cash Sales Rs. 5,00 –

Cash – Real Account – Comes in → Debit

Sales – Nominal Account – Income → Credit

Cash A/c Dr. 5,00

To Sales A/c Cr. 5,00

8. Goods sold to Mr. Dinesh on Credit Rs. 5,000 –

Mr. Dinesh – Personal Account – Receiver → Debit

Sales – Nominal Account – Income → Credit

Mr. Dinesh A/c Dr. 5,000

To Sales A/c Cr. 5,000

9. Paid Salary Rs. 4,000 –

Salary – Nominal Account – Expense → Debit

Cash – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

Salary A/c Dr. 4,000

To Cash A/c Cr. 4,000

10. Cash deposited into S.B.I. Rs. 3000 –

S.B.I. – Real Account – Comes in→ Debit

Cash – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

S.B.I. A/c Dr. 3,000

To Cash A/c Cr. 3,000

11. Paid to Mr. Dinesh by Cheque Rs. 3,000 –

Mr. Dinesh – Personal Account – Receiver → Debit

S.B.I. – Real Account – Goes out → Credit

Mr. Dinesh A/c Dr. 3,000

To S.B.I. A/c Cr. 3,000

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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Keys Functions in Tally 5.4

F1 = Select Company
F2 = Change Accounting Period
Alt+F3 = Create Company
F4 = Contra
F5 = Payment
F6 = Receipt
F7 = Journal
F8 = Sales
F9 = Purchase
Ctrl+t = Post Dated
Ctrl+l = Optional
Ctrl+n = Calculator
Alt+c = To create Ledger or master online
Alt+d = To delete any Ledger or master

Group of Some Common Ledgers

Name of Ledger Group

Sales Sales Account

Purchase Purchase Account
Purchase Return Purchase
Sales Return Sales
Capital Capital Account
Bank Bank Account
Salary Indirect Expenses
Rent Indirect Expenses
Godown Rent Direct Expenses
Wages Direct Expenses
Discount Received Indirect Income
Discount Allowed Indirect Expenses
Depriciation Indirect Expenses
Bad Debt Indirect Expenses
Drawing(personal use) Indirect Expenses
Plant Fixed Assets
Furniture Fixed Assets
Land & Building Fixed Assets
Creditor Sundry Creditors
Debtor Sundry Debtors

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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Some common Voucher Entries

1. Started business with cash -

(F6) Receipt
Cash A/c Dr.
To Capital A/c Cr

2. Goods purchased on cash -

(F9) Purchase
Purchase A/c Dr.
To Cash A/c Cr.

3. Purchase Goods on credit from Mr. X –

(F9) Purchase
Purchase A/c Dr.
To Mr. X A/c Cr.

4. Goods sold on cash –

(F8) Sales
Cash A/c Dr.
To Sales A/c Cr.

5. Goods sold on credit to Mr. Y -

(F8) Sales
Mr. Y A/c Dr.
To Sales A/c Cr.

6. Goods returned to Mr. X(creditor) –

(F7) Journal
Mr. X A/c Dr.
To Purchase return A/c Cr.

7. Goods returned by Mr. Y(debtor) –

(F7) Journal
Sales return A/c Dr.
To Mr. Y A/c Cr.

8. Withdrew from Bank for Personal use –

(F5) Payment
Drawing A/c Dr.
To Bank A/c Cr.

9. Deposited in Bank -
(F4) Contra
Bank A/c Dr.
To Cash A/c Cr.

10. Withdrew from Bank for office use -

(F4) Contra
Cash A/c Dr.
To Bank A/c Cr.

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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11. Purchase Goods from Mr. X (creditor) and gets Discount –

(F9) Purchase
Purchase A/c Dr.
To Mr. X A/c Cr.
To Disc. Received A/c Cr.

12. Sold Goods to Mr. Y (debtor) and allowed him Discount –

(F8) Sales
Mr. Y A/c Dr.
Discount allowed A/c Dr.
To Sales A/c Cr.

13. Treatment of Bad Debt –

(F7) Journal
Bad Debt A/c Dr.
To Debtors A/c Cr.

14. Depriciation Charged on furniture –

(F7) Journal
Depriciation A/c Dr.
To Furniture A/c Cr.

15. Purchase Machinery on cash –

(F5) Payment
Machinery A/c Dr.
To Cash A/c Cr.

Important steps for Computerised Accounting in Tally 7.2

1. Creation of Company.
2. Creation of necessary Ledgers.
3. Passing of Voucher entries.

Creation of Company :- lcls igys ge Company Info ds Create Co. option dk iz;ksx
djds ubZ dEiuh rS;kj dj ysrs gSaA Gateway of Tally ls Company Info dks Open djus
ds fy, Alt+F3 dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA bls ckn [kqys gq;s Window dk iz;ksx djds ge
fuEu dk;Z vkluh ls dj ldrs gSaA
a. Creation of a Company by Create Co.
b. Selection of a Compay by Select Co.
c. Alteration of a Company by Alter Co.

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ftldk iz;ksx ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj dj ysrs gSaA ubZ Company Create
djrs le; fuEu Options dk /;ku j[kuk pkfg;sA
a. Is Vat Applicable
b. Type of Company (normally we use Acct. with Inventory)
c. Currency symbol and its formal name ( Rs. & Rupees)

Creation of Necessary Ledgers :- Voucher entries djus ls igys ge viuh t:jr ds

vuqlkj fofHkUu Ldedgers rS;kj dj ysrs gSaA blds fy;s Master  Account Info dk iz;ksx
djrs gSaA Ledger rS;kj djrs oDr bls fuf”pr Group ds vUrZxr j[kuk iM+rk gSA
tSl&
s
Name of Ledger Group
Capital Capital Account
Purchase Purchase Account
Sales Sales Account
Salary Indirect Expenses
Mr. Debtor Sundry Debtor
Mr. Creditor Sundry Creditor
Plant, Furniture, Machinery etc. Fixed Assets
S.B.I. Bank Account

* Cash and Profit Loss account ds Ledger Pre defined gksrs gSa ( vFkkZr~ igys ls cus gq;s
gksrs gSaA

* ;s Groups pre defined gksrs gSaA gkykafd ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj Sub-group rS;kj
dj ldrs gSaA)
* Voucher entry djrs le; Alt+C dk iz;ksx djds Online Ledger Hkh rS;kj fd;s tk
ldrs gSaA

Passing of Voucher Entries :- t:jr ds vuqlkj Ledgers cukus ds ckn ge Voucher

entries pass dj ldrs gSaA

Gateway of Tally  Transaction and Vouchers ds vUrZxr fn;s x;s Options dk iz;ksx
djrs gSaA
1. Accounting Voucher.
2. Inventory Voucher.
3. Import of Transaction

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1. Accounting Voucher – blds }kjk eq[; :i ls ge fuEufyf[kr Voucher entries dj
ikrs gSa&

a. Payment (F5) :- blds }kjk fdlh Hkh izdkj ds Cash ;k Cheque vnk djus dh entry dh
tkrh gS] tSls & Paid to Mr. X Rs. 500.
Mr. X A/c Dr. 500
To Cash A/c Cr. 500

b. Receipt (F6) :- fdlh Hkh izdkj ds Cash ;k Cheque izkIr djus dh Receipt mode esa dh
tkrh gSA tSls & Received cheque from Mr. Y of Rs. 1000.
Bank A/c Dr. 1000
To Mr. Y A/c Cr. 1000

fdlh Hkh izdkj ds uxn ;k m/kkj lkeku [kjhnus dh

c. Purchase (F9) :- Entry ;gka ls
dh tkrh gSA tSl&
s Purchase goods on credit from Mr. Ram Rs. 500.
Purchase A/c Dr. 500
To Mr. Ram A/c Cr. 500
(vxj uxn dz; gksxk rks Party name ds LFkku ij Cash ;k Bank Ledger dk iz;ksx djrs
gSaA)

d. Sales (F8) :- fdlh Hkh izdkj ds uxn ;k m/kkj lkeku cspus dh Entry ;gka ls dh
tkrh gSA tSl&
s Goods sold to Mr. Amit of Rs. 500.
Mr. Amit A/c Dr. 500
To Sales A/c Cr. 500
(vxj uxn fodz; gksxk rks Party name ds LFkku ij Cash ;k Bank Ledger dks select
djrs gSaA)

e. Contra (F4) :- cSad es uxn tek djus ;k fudkyus dh Entry ;gka ls dh tkrh gSA
tSl&s a. Cash Deposited into S.B.I. Rs. 1000 -
S.B.I. A/c Dr. 1000
To Cash A/c Cr. 1000

b. Withdrew from Bank for Office use Rs. 500 -

Cash A/c Dr. 1000
To S.B.I. A/c Cr. 1000

f. Credit Note (Ctrl + F8) :- ;gka ls Sales Return dh Entry dh tkrh gSA

g. Debit Note (Ctrl + F9) :- ;gka ls Purchase Return dh Entry dh tkrh gSA

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h. Memos (Ctrl + F10) :- fofHkUu izdkj dh ;kn~k”r lEcfU/kr Entry ;gkW ls dj ldrs
gSaA bl Entry dk Profit & Loss A/c ,oa Balance Sheet ij dksbZ izHkko ugha iM+rk gSA
fdlh Hkh izdkj dh Memo entry dks Actual entry esa cnyus ds fy;s ge viuh t:jr ds
vuqlkj F5, F6 bR;kfn dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA blds ckn bl Entry dk izHkko Profit & Loss
,oa Balance Sheet ij fn[kkbZ nsus yxsxkA

i. Post Dated (Ctrl + t) :- fdlh Hkh Entry dks Ctrl+T dk iz;ksx djds ,oa F2 djds fdlh
Future Date ls Entry djus ij og Post Dated entry dgykrh gS ftldk izHkko Profit &
loss A/c ,oa Balance sheet ij ml fuf”pr Date ds vkus ds ckn gh iM+rk gSA

j. Optional (Ctrl + l) :- fdlh Hkh Entry dks Ctrl+l dk iz;ksx djds Optional entry ds :i esa
cnyus ij mldk izHkko Profit & Loss A/c ,oa Balance Sheet ij ugha iM+rk gSA Ctrl+l
dk gh iz;ksx djds fdlh Optional Entry dks Regular Entry esa cnyk tkrk gSA

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Some Critical Entries

1. Cash sales and Discount allowed -

F8(Sale) :-
Ex. – Sold goods worth Rs. 5000 and 10% discount allowed –
Cash A/c Dr. 4,500
Discount Allowed A/c Dr. 500
To Sales A/c Cr. 5,000

* “Discount allowed” ledger would be under “Indirect Expenses”

2. Cash Purchase and Discount Received –

F9(Purchase) :-
Ex. – Cash Purchase worth Rs. 10,000 and Discount received 5% -
Purchase A/c Dr. 10,000
To Cash A/c Cr. 9,500
To Discount Received A/c Cr. 500

* “Discount Received” ledger would be under “Indirect Income”

3. Depreciation – fdlh Hkh izdkj dh lEifRr tSl& s Furniture, Plant, Machinery etc. ds
ewY; esa tks Hkh gzkl ;k deh gksrh gS mls Depriciation dgrs gSaA tSls& eku ysrs gS fd
geus ,d QuhZpj 10000 :- esa dz; fd;k ysfdu blh QuhZpj dks dqN efgus ckn cspk
tk; rks 10000 :- ugha izkIr gksx a sA bl QuhZpj ds ewY; esa tks deh vkbZ ogh
Depriciation gSA

Ex. - Depriciation charged of Furniture Rs. 2000 -

(F7) Journal :-
Depriciation A/c Dr. 2,000
To Furniture A/c Cr. 2,000
* “Depriciation” ledger would be under “Indirect Expenses”

3. Bad Debt – fdlh Hkh Sundry Debtor ls ftl cdk;s /kujkf”k izkIr ugha gks ikrh gSA
mls Bad Debt dgrs gSaA tSl&
s Mr. Amit(S.Debtor) dks 5000 :- dk m/kkj lkeku cspk
x;k Fkk ftlesa ls mUgksus 3000 :- iwoZor ns fn;k tcfd fnokfy;k gks tkus dh otg
ls mUgksus ckdh :Ik;s ugha fn;s ;gh 2000 :- tks ugha izkIr gq;s Bad Debt gSaA bldh
Entry dqN bl izdkj dh tk;sxhA

(F8) Sales
Mr. Amit A/c Dr. 5,000
To Sales A/c Cr. 5,000
(Being goods sold on credit to Mr. Amit)
------------------
(F6) Receipt
Cash A/c Dr. 3,000
To Mr. Amit A/c Cr. 3,000
(Being Cash received from Mr. Amit)
------------------

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(F7) Journal
Bad Debt A/c Dr. 2,000
To Mr. Amit A/c Cr. 2,000
(Being Rs. 2000 against Mr. Amit was treated as Bad Debt)

* “Bad Debt” ledger would be under “Indirect Expenses”

Inventory

Inventory ls rkRi;Z fofHkUu izdkj ds Item lEcfU/kr dz; ,oa fodz; ls gSA
Important steps for Inventory :-

1. Creation of Unit of Measure

2. Creation of Stock Groups
3. Creation of Stock Item
4. Creation of Godown.

1. Creation of Unit of Measure :- bldk iz;ksx djds Items ds ekius dh bZdkbZ rS;kj dh
tkrh gSA tSl& s Pc., Ltr., kg., etc.
2. Creation of Stock Group :- bls rS;kj djuk t:jh ugha gksrk gSA ge viuh t:jr ds
vuqlkj rS;kj fd;s tkus okys Items ds fy;s fofHkUu Group rS;kj dj ysrs gSaA tSls vxj
dksbZ O;olk;h Computer ls lEcfU/kr oLrq dk dz; fodz; djrk gS rks og nks Group
rS;kj dj ldrk gSA tSl& s Software, Hardware.

3. Creation of Stock Item :- ftu lkekuks dk dz; fodz; djuk gks mUgs rS;kj djuk
iM+rk gSA tSl& s Keyboard, Mouse, Monitor, Dos, Windows etc. bu Items dks rS;kj djrs
le; mUgs fuf”pr Stock Group ds vUrZxr ¼tSl& s Software, Hardware½ j[kk tkrk gSA
Example for Stock group & Stock item :-

Stock Group Stock Item

a. Software DOS, Windows xp, Ms office etc.
b. Hardware Monitor, Mouse, Keyboard etc.

4. Godown :- ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj Godown rS;kj dj ldrs gSaA tSl&

s Ashapur,
Pandeypur, etc.
**(Godown dk iz;ksx djus ds fy;s F11 djds Maintain multiple Godown option
dks “Yes” dj ysrs gSaA)
blds ckn F9(Purchase) dk iz;ksx djds Items dz; fd;k tkrk gSA rFkk F8
dk iz;ksx djds bUgs fodz; fd;k tkrk gSA

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Note : F11 dk igyk vkWIlu Integrate Account and Inventory – Yes gksus ij gh Profit &
Loss Account esa cps gq;s Closing Stock fn[krs gSa] vU;Fkk ughaA fofHkUu Items dk Stock
ns[kus ds fy;s ReportStock Summary dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA
Note : Godown ds vuqlkj Stock Report ns[kuk gks rks Gateway of TallyReport
DisplayStatement of InventoryGodown.

Use of Cost Centre and Cost Categories :-

lcls igys F11 djds Cost Centre and Cost Categories dks Yes dj ysrs gSaA
mlds ckn Gateway of Tally  MasterAccount Info dk iz;ksx djds Cost Centre ,oa
Cost Categories rS;kj dh tkrh gSA igys Cost Categories (Branch, Department etc.) rS;kj
fd;s tkrs gSA blds ckn fofHkUu Cost Centre tSl& s Branch ds vUrZxr fofHkUu Branches
tSl&s Pandeypur, Ashapur, Cantt. Etc.A ,oa Department ds vUrZxr fofHkUu Departments
tSl&s Sales, Purchase, Account etc. rS;kj fd;s tkrs gSaA
ftu Ledgers esa Cost Centre and Cost Categories dh t:jr gksrh gSA mudk
Ledger rS;kj djds ;k djrs oDr (mainly Purchase & Sales) Cost Centres are applicable
option dks Yes dj ysrs gSaA

Voucher entries djrs le; ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj Branch, Department

etc., Allocate djrs gSaA

Cost Centre & Cost Categories cukus ds fy;s %&

Gateway of Tally  MasterAccount Info

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Maintenance of Order, Challan and Bill :-

fdlh Hkh izdkj dk lkeku dz; djrs le; lcls igys Purchase Order dh Entry
djrs gSaA blds ckn Receipt Note ,oa vUr esa Purchase dh Entry dh tkrh gSA bu lkjs
vkWIlu dks F11(Company Features) ds iz;ksx djds “Yes” dj ysrs gSaA rc ;g lHkh
vkWIlu dk;Z djrs gSA

F11 dk iz;ksx djds fuEufyf[kr vkWIlu dks “Yes” dj fy;k tkrk gS %&
1. Integrate Accounts and Inventory
2. Allow Purchase Order Processing
3. Allow Sales Order Processing
4. Allow Inventory
5. Maintain Balances Bill by Bill
6. Use Debit & Credit Note
7. Use Rejection in/out
8. Use Tracking No.

Purchase :-
a. Purchase Order
b. Receipt Note
c. Purchase

Sales :-
a. Sales Order
b. Delivery Note
c. Sales

Purchase Return :-

a. Rejection out
b. Debit Note

Sales Return :-

a. Rejection out
b. Debit Note

Process of Tracking :- Receipt Note/Delivery Note dh Entry djrs le; bls Purchase
order/Sales order ds lkFk Track djrs gSaA ,oa Final Purchase/Sales djrs le; bls
Receipt Note/Delivery Note ds lkFk Track djrs gSaA

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Manufacturing with and without Formula
Important steps related to Manufacturing :-

1. Creation of Unit of measure

2. Creation of Godowns
3. Creation of Raw materials
4. Creation of Finished Goods
5. Creation of Manufacturing Voucher
6. Purchasing of Raw materials
7. Manufacturing of Finished Goods (by using Manufacturing Journal)
8. Selling of the goods which have been manufactured

Inventory Info :- bldk iz;ksx djds ge Unit of measure, Godown, Raw material,
Finished goods, Manufacturing Voucher rS;kj djrs gSaA

a. Creation of unit of measure - fofHkUu izdkj ds Meaurement unit tSl&

s Kg. , Pc. , Ltr.
bR;kfn rS;kj dj ysrs gSaA Unit of measue rS;kj djrs le; No. of decimal Place vkWIlu
dks viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj iz;ksx esa ykrs gSaA
b. Creation of Godown - ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj nks ;k rhu Godown rS;kj dj
ysrs gSaA tSls & Sarnath, Ashapur, Chaubeypur etc.
c. Creation of raw material – mu Raw materials dks rS;kj djrs gSA ftudk iz;ksx
Finished Goods rS;kj djrs oDr dPps eky ds :i esa gksrk gSA tSl& s eku ysrs gSa fd
Sweets gekjk Finished Product gS] rks Milk, Sugar dks Raw material ds :i esa rS;kj djrs
gSaA

d. Creation of Finished Goods - tks Finished Goods rS;kj djuk gksrk gS mls Stock Item
ds :i esa rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA
Finished Product rS;kj djrs le; Bill of Material (BOM) – Yes dj ysr
gSaA Stock Item cukrs le; vxj ;g Option u fn[kkbZ ns jgk gks rks F12 dk iz;ksx djds
bls yk;k tk ldrk gSA bld ckn [kqys gq;s Window esa ge Manufacturing dk Formula
nsrs gSaA vFkkZr~ ,d Qunatity, Finished Goods rS;kj djus ds fy;s Raw material fdrus &
fdrus yxsaxsA vxj Manufacturing fcuk Formula ds djuk gks rk Bill of Mataerial
vkWIlu dks “No” j[krs gSaA
e. Creation of Manufacturing Voucher : - Inventory Info  Voucher Type dk iz;ksx djds
Manufacturing voucher rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA gkykafd ge Voucher dk uke dqN Hkh ns
ldrs gSaA tSl& s Manufacturing Voucher, Manufacturing Journal bR;kfnA ysfdu Voucher
dks rS;kj djrs le; nks ckrksa dk /;ku vo”; j[kuk pkfg;s &
a. Type of Voucher - Stock Journal
b. Use as a Manufacturing Journal – “Yes”

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f. Purchasing of Raw material, F9(Purchase) & viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj Raw material dks
dz; dj fy;k tkrk gSA

g. Manufacturing of Finished Product - Transaction/Voucher  Inventory Voucher , ;gkW

Alt+F7 dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA rks gesa gekjs }kjk rS;kj fd;k x;k Inventory Voucher
(Manufacturing Journal) Show gksrk gSA ftls Select djds ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj
ftruk Finished Product rS;kj djuk gks rS;kj dj ysrs gSaA Finished Product rS;kj djrs
le; fofo/k izdkj ds Factory Overheads (Direct Exp.) dks Hkh ns ldrs gSaA ftldk
izfr”kr (%) ge t:jr ds vuqlkj nsrs gSa ;g Factory overhead , Cost of Production esa
Add gks tkrk gSA

g. Godown Transfer - Alt +F7 (Stock Journal) ds }kjk Raw material ;k Finished Goods dks
,d Godown ls nwljs Godown esa Transfer fd;k tkrk gSA vxj dqN lkeku jkLrs esa
u’V gksrs gSaA rks ,slh fLFkfr esa Destination okys Column esa Quantity dks ?kVkdj (Total
Qty. – Lost Qty. during transit) fy[kk tkrk gSA

Maintenance of Multiple Currency :- fdlh Hkh Company esa vxj ,d ls vf/kd

Currency dk O;ogkj djuk gks rks F11 djds Allow Multiple Currency – “Yes” dj ysrs
gSaA blds ckn Account Info  Currencies dk iz;ksx djds viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj
fofHkUu izdkj ds Currencies tSl& s Dollar, Pound etc. rS;kj dj ysrs gSaA Currency rS;kj
djrs le; Currency symbol ,oa bldk formal name fy[kuk gksrk gSA tSl& s Dollar $,
blds ckn Rate of exchange dk iz;ksx djds ml currency dk Standard rate, Purchasing
rate and Selling rate fn;k tkrk gSA
tSl&
s
Standard Rate Purchasing Rate Selling Rate
45 47 46

bl izdkj Currency rS;kj djus ds ckn tc ge Voucher entries djrs gSa] rks ml le;
Amount ds lkFk Dollar ;k nwljs Currency symbol ($) dks Input djrs gSa rks og Amount
:- esa Convert gksdj Show gksrk gSA

Budget Control :- F11 ds }kjk Maintain Budget & Controll-“Yes” dj ysrs gSaA blds
ckn Gateway of Tally  Acconts Info  Budget dk iz;ksx djds fdlh Group ;k Ledger
ds fy;s Budget dk Amount fu/kkZfjr djrs gSaA
To see the Budget Variance Report :-
Display  Trial Balance blds ckn Group select djrs gSaA ,oa Alt+B dk iz;ksx
djds Budgeet Variance Report ns[k ldrs gSaA

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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Ex. – tSls eku ysrs gSaA Salary ds fy;s geus 5000 Rs. dk Budget rS;kj fd;k gSA vkSj
Voucher entry djrs le; 6000 Rs. Salary Payment dh Entry dh gSA rks Budget Variance
Report ds }kjk ge ns[k ldrs gSa fd Budget dh rqyuk esa geus fdruk de ;k vf/kd
Payment fd;k gSA

Different Reports in Tally 7.2

1. Profit & Loss Account - ;g Report fdlh laLFkk ds fdlh fuf”pr okf’kZd o’kZ ds
nkSjku gksus okys Gross Profit/Loss and Net Profit /Loss n”kkZrk gSA
2. Balance Sheet - ;g Report fdlh laLFkk dh vkfFkZd fLFkfr dks n”kkZrk gSA blds
ck;sa Column esa Liabilities vkSj nk;sa Hkkx esa Assets show gksrk gSA bu nksuks dk ;ksx
ges”kk leku gksrk gSA

3. Day Book - blds vUrZxr fdlh laLFkk esa fofHkUu rkjh[kksa dks dh xbZ Entries dks
ns[kk tk ldrk gSa] lkFk gh lkFk muesa ifjorZu Hkh fd;k tk ldrk gSA
(Display Day book)

4. Stock Summary - ;g Report fdlh laLFkk ds Opening Stock , Closing stock dks Show
djrk gSA

5. Ratio Analysis -bldk iz;ksx djds fdlh laLFkk ;k Co. esa gksus okys ykHk&gkfu ;k
fofHkUu izdkj ds [kpZ dk rqykukRed v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA

Some other Reports in Display menu :-

1. Trial Balance - ;g Report fdlh laLFkk ds Income, Expenses, Assets, Liabilities dks
n”kkZrk gSA

2. Account Book - bldk iz;ksx djds eq[; :i ls Cash/Bank Book , Purchase Register,
Sales Register etc. dks ns[k ikrs gSA

3. Statement of Inventory - blds }kjk fofHkUu izdkj ds Inventory lEcfU/kr Reports dks
ns[k ikrs gSAtSl&
s Godowns, Stock etc.

4. Statement of Account - bldk iz;ksx eq[; :i ls S. Debtor ,oa S.Creditor lEcfU/kr

Report ns[kus ds fy;s fd;k tkrk gSaA

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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General Instructions for Accounting in Tally 7.2 :-

1- F11 dk iz;ksx djds ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj fofHkUu Options dks Yes ;k No
dj ysrs gSaA

2-Purchase ,oa Sales dh Entry djrs le; Ctrl+V dk iz;ksx djds mls Invoice ;k
Voucher esa cny ldrs gSaA

3- Voucher Entry esa jgdj F1 Key dk iz;ksx djds dze”k% Account Voucher ,oa
Inventory Voucher dks On ;k Off fd;k tkrk gSA

4- Voucher entry mode esa jgdj F12 Key ds }kjk eq[; :i ls fuEu Options dks iz;ksx
esa yk;k tkrk gSA
a. Single entries mode for receipt and payment
b. Use Cr./Dr. instead of To/By
c. Allowed Cash A/c in Journal

VAT (Value Added Tax)

;g ,d izdkj dk Indirect Tax gS bldk iz;ksx Sales Tax ds LFkku ij fd;k

tkrk gSA ;g Tax mu Producer, Manufacturer, Retailer ;k nwljs izdkj ds Dealer }kjk
vnk fd;k tkrk gSA tks fdlh oLrq ds ewY; esa o`f} djrk gSaA Vat iz.kkyh dk iz;ksx
dkQh vf/kd ns”kks es fd;k tkrk gSA Vat system ykxw djus ds fy;s Hkkjr ljdkj us
White paper ykxw fd;k ftlds vUrZxr fofHkUu izdkj ds lkekuksa dh dqy la[;k 550 gS]
ftu ij oSV ykxw fd;k x;k gSA Hkkjr ljdkj us bu lkekuksa dks ew[; :i ls 4 Hkkxks
esa ckWVk gS&

1. Vat @ 4% - dqy 550 oLrqvks es ls 270 oLrqvksa dks bl oxZ esa j[kk x;k gSA blds
vUrZxr eq[; :i ls nSfud vko”;drk dh oLrq;sa] nok;sa vkSj fofHkUu izdkj ds
Agricultural, Industrial, Capital goods vkrs gSaA bu lkekuks ij Vat 4% yxrk gSA

2. Vat @ 1%- bl oxZ ds vUrZxr lksuk&pkWnh tSlh fof”k’V oLrq;sa vkrh gSA bu ij
Vat 1% yxrk gSa

3. Exempted from Vat - bl oxZ ds vUrZxr 46 oLrq, vkrh gSaA ftuesa ls jkT;
ljdkj ds ikl 10 oLrqvksa dks pquus dk vf/kdkj jgrk gSA bl oxZ ds vUrZxr vkus
okyh fdlh Hkh izdkj ds oLrqvksa ij Vat ugha yxrk gSA

4. Vat @ 12.5% - “ks’k oLrqvksa dks bl oxZ es j[kk x;k gSA

Note - dqN oLrqvksa ij Vat ykxw ugha gksrkA bu oLrqvksa ij Sales Tax dk gh iz;ksx
gksrk gSA tSl&
s isVªksfy;e mRikn] ykWVjh] “kjkc bR;kfnA

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

 18

Some Terminologies used in Vat

Input Tax - This tax is paid on Purchase.

Output Tax - This is a tax charged on Sale.
Input Credit - Input Tax dk og Amount ftls Output Tax ls ?kVk;k tkrk gSA
Composite Dealer - ,sls Dealer ftudk O;olkf;d Turnover ,d fuf”pr Amount rd

jgrk gSA bl Amount dk fu/kkZj.k lEcfU/kr jkT; ljdkj djrh gSA

Treatment of Vat in Tally 7.2

Tally 7.2 ds vUrZxr lk/kkj.kr% Vat ds fy;s fuEufyf[kr dk;Z djus iM+rs gSaA

1- Company rS;kj djrs le; Use Indian Vat – “Yes” djrs gSaA ;gkW jkT; ljdkj dk
uke ,oa Vat Tin No. (11digit) nsrs gSA Vat Tin No. dk iz;ksx Vat lEcfU/kr dk;Z esa fd;k
tkrk gSA

2- Creation of necessary ledgers - ;gWk ge mnkgj.k ds fy;s eku ysrs gSa fd ge ftl
lkeku dk dz; fodz; djrs gS og 4% Vat Category esa vkrk gSA
blds fy;s ges lk/kkj.kr% fuEufyf[kr Ledgers cukus dh vko”;drk gksxhA

a. Purchase@4%
b. Sales@4%
c. Input Vat@4%
d. Outpur Vat@4% Under Duties & Taxes

bu Ledgers dks rS;kj djrs le; ge viuh t:jr ds vuqlkj fofHkUu Options
dk pquko djrs gSaA tSl& s Input Vat dk Ledger cukrs le; Type of Tax - Vat ,oa
Vat Category list esa ls t:jr ds vuqlkj Category select dj ysrs gSaA

3- Passing Voucher Entries - lk/kkj.kr% Purchase djrs le; Input Vat dks attach djrs
gSaA ,oa Sales ds le; Output Vat dks attach djrs gSA ;fn Transaction esa Discount ,oa
nwljs izdkj ds Tax dk mYys[k gksrk gS rks lcls igys Discount ds Amount dks ?kVk;k
tkrk gSA ,oa blds ckn fn;s x;s nwljs Tax dks tksM+us ds ckn vUr esa Input Vat ;k
Output Vat , attach djrs gSA

** oSV dh Entry lk/kj.kr% Invoice mode esa dh tkrh gS Voucher ls Invoice mode esa
tkus ds fy;s “Ctr+V” dk iz;ksx djrs gSA

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

 19

a. Simple Purchase without Discount and other Taxes :-

F9- Purchase (as Invoice) –

Party name : Mr. Creditor

Purchase Ledger : Purchase@4%
Vat/Tax class : Purchase@4%

Name of Item Qty. Rate Amount

Item 1 100 100 10,000

Input vat@4% 4% 400

100 10,400

b. Purchase with Discount and other Taxes :-

F9- Purchase (as Invoice) –

Party name : Mr. Creditor

Purchase Ledger : Purchase@4%
Vat/Tax class : Purchase@4%

Name of Item Qty. Rate Amount

Item 1 100 100 10,000

Discount received (-2) (-200)

Excise Tax 16% 800
Educess 16
Input vat@4% 4% 224.64

100 5,240.64

* Educess is calculated on the amount of “Excise Tax, here 2% of 800, if u r facing problem
than don’t input the rate of educes just input the its amount.

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

 20

a. Simple Sales without Discount and other Taxes :-

F8- Sales (as Invoice) –

Party name : Mr. Debtor

Purchase Ledger : Sales@4%
Vat/Tax class : Sales@4%

Name of Item Qty. Rate Amount

Item 1 100 200 20,000

Input vat@4% 4% 800

100 20,800

4. View the Vat Computation Report :- Voucher entries pass djus ds ckn Vat report
ns[kdj Vat Payable amount dk irk djrs gSaA¼Vat Payable uke dk ,d Ledger under
Duties & Taxes rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS] bls rS;kj djrs le; fdlh Vat Categories ds
vUrZxr ugha j[krs gS½A
Vat Report ns[kus ds fy;s Display Vat Report  Vat Computation dk
iz;ksx djrs gSaA tgkW ls ge Input Vat, Output Vat vkSj Vat Payable dk Amount
tku ikrs gSA
Vat Payable = Output Vat – Input Vat

vFkkZr~ Output Vat ftruk T;knk gksrk gS og Amount gesa Vat ds :i esa Tax Department
dks nsuk gksrk gSA
Ex – ekuk bl Report esa Output Vat = 1000 Rs. And Input Vat = 600,
Therefore Vat Payable = Output Vat – Input Vat
= 1000 – 600
= 400

5. Passing of Adjustment entries :-

(F7) Journal :-
Output Vat A/c Dr. 1000
To Input Vat A/c Cr. 600
To Vat Payable A/c Cr. 400

6. Payment of Vat :-

(F5) Payment :-
Vat Payable A/c Dr. 400
To Bank/Cash A/c Cr. 400

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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T.D.S.(Tax Deducted at Source)

T.D.S., Income Tax ,d= djus dk Indirect method gSA blds vUrZxr
Buyer(Deductor), Seller(Deductee) ls T.D.S. ?kVkdj ;k ;wW dgsa dkVdj ;g Amount ,
Tax Department esa tek djrs gSA T.D.S. lk/kj.kr% Salary, Rent, Interest on Securities,
Commission, Lottery Tickets etc. ij ykxw gksrk gSA Buyer VSDl fMikVZesUV esa T.D.S.
return dk Form Hkjrk gS ftlesa dh Seller ds ckjs esa ,oa mlds }kjk fn;s x;s T.D.S. dh
foLr`r tkudkjh jgrh gSA Buyer , Form no. 16 A , seller dks Issue djrk gSA T.D.S. dk
v/;;u djus ds fy;s fuEu ds ckjs esa tkuuk t:jh gSA

1. Seller ( Deductee) :- og O;fDr ;k laLFkk tks fd Buyer(Deductor) dks lsok iznku

djrk gSA

2. Buyer ( Deductor) :- og O;fDr ;k laLFkk tks fd Seller(Deductee) ls lsok ysrk gSA

rFkk T.D.S. dk Amount, Deduct djds Tax Department esa tek djrk gSA

Ex. – ekuk fd Mr. X , Mr. C(a Chartered Accountant) ls viuk Account Check djkrs gSaA
ftldk Bill Rs. 100000 gqvk gS rks ,sls esa Mr. X ds Account esa Accounting Treatment
dqN bl izdkj gksxk&
Creation of Ledger :-

Name of Ledger Under

a. Fees for Technical Services Indirect Exp.
b. Mr. C.A. Sundry Creditor
c. T.D.S. Duties & Taxes

Note :- fdlh dEiuh esa T.D.S. dk O;ogkj ds fy;s F11 ls Enable T.D.S. – “Yes”
djrs gSaA

Passing of Voucher Entries :- tSlk fd mnkgj.k esa fn;k x;k gS fd Mr. C dk Bill
1,00,000 :i;s gqvk gS] eku ysrs gSa Mr. X , 20000 Rs. T.D.S. ds :i esa dkVus ds ckn
ckdh ds 80000 :i;s Mr. C dks nsrs gSaA ,oa 20000 :i;s Tax Department esa tek djrs
gSaA
a. Entry of Bill :-

(F7) Payment :-
Fees for Technical Services A/c Dr. 100000
To Mr. C.A . A/c Cr. 100000

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

 22

b. Payment to Mr. C.A.:-

(F5) Payment :-
Mr. C.A. A/c Dr. 80000
To Bank/Cash A/c Cr. 80000

c. Adjustment Entries :-

(F7) Journal :-
Mr. C.A. A/c Dr. 20000
To T.D.S. A/c Cr. 20000

d. Payment of T.D.S. :-

(F5) Payment :-
T.D.S. A/c Dr. 20000
To Bank/Cash A/c Cr. 20000

Export and Import of Data in Tally 7.2

Export and Import dk iz;ksx djds ge fdlh Company esa rS;kj fd;s x;s fofHkUu
izdkj ds Master tSl& s Ledger, Cost Centre, Cost categories, Godown ,oa fofHkUu Voucher
entries dks ,d Company ls nwljs Company esa Hkst ldrs gSaA
blds fy;s gesa Master ;k Voucher entries dks fdlh Company ls Export djrs gSaA
,oa nwljs Company esa Import djkrs gSaA

To Export Master (Ledger, Godown etc.) – Display →List of Account , blds ckn Alt+E,
Key press djrs gSa] rks fofHkUu Master dk Export gks tkrk gSA Export djrs le; ge
ns[krs gSa fd Exported File dk uke master.xml “kks gksrk gSA

To Import Master (Ledger, Godown etc.) – Master → Import master, blds ckn Open gq;s
Window esa ge master.xml fy[kdj fofHkUu izdkj ds master dks Import djk ikrs gSaA

To Export Voucher – Display →Day book , blds ckn Alt+E dk iz;ksx djds Voucher
entries dks Export dj ikrs gSA ;gkW Export gqbZ File dk uke daybook.xml gksrk gSA

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626

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To Import Voucher – lcls igys ml Company dks Open dj ysrs gSaA ftlesa Voucher
entries dks Import djuk gksrk gSA blds ckn Transaction/Voucher →Import Transaction
dk iz;ksx djrs gSa ,oa blds ckn tks Window open gksrk gS mlesa daybook.xml fy[kdj
Voucher entries dks Import dj ikrs gSA

Tally Vault Feature

;g ,d mUur Security Feature gS ftldk iz;ksx djds fdlh Company ds Data

dks lqjf{kr fd;k tkrk gSA
Tally Vault Password ubZ Company cukrs le; fn;k tk ldrk gSA rFkk igys ls
cuh gqbZ Company ds fy;s Alt +F3Co. Info.Alter dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA blds ckn Co.
Information Screen esa Change Tally Vault vkWIlu dk iz;ksx djds New Tally Vault
Password nsrs gSa ,oa bls Confirm djrs gSaA blds ckn ge ns[krs gSa fd ,d ubZ Co.
rS;kj gks tkrh gS ftldk uke fn[kkbZ ugha nsrk gSA ,oa Co. Name ds LFkku ij *****
fn[krk gS ,oa mls Tally Vault Password nsdj gh Open fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Note : igys ls cuh gqbZ Company ds fy;s Tally Vault Password nsus ij ,d ubZ
Company , Create gksrh gS ftldk uke Show ugha gksrk gSA tcfd ubZ Company cukrs
le; Tally Vault Password nsus ij dksbZ nwljh Company rS;kj ugha gksrh cfYd ml dk
uke Show ugha gksrk gS ,oa bl Company dks fcuk Tally vault password ds Open ugha
fd;k tk ldrk Gssa
Backup, Restore and Delition of a Company in Tally 7.2

fdlh Company dk Backup blfy;s rS;kj fd;k tkrk gS fd vxj fdlh djk.ko”k
vkidh Company, Delete gks tkrh gS rks mls okil izkIr(Restore) fd;k tk ldsA

Backup :- Company InfoBackup blds ckn Open gq;s Window esa ge Destination nsrs
gSa] tSl&
s (d:\,a:\ etc.) ,oa blds ckn ml Co. dsk Select djrs gSaA ftldk Backup rS;kj
djuk gksrk gSA blds }kjk ml Company dk Backup bl fn;s x;s Location ij rS;kj
gks tkrk gSA

Restore :- fdlh Company dks okil izkIr djus dh izfdz;k gh Restore gSA Company
Info Restore , blds ckn Open gq;s Window esa ge Source Location nsrs gSaA tgkW
Backup cuk;k gqvk jgrk gSA bld ckn ml Company dks Select djrs gSa ftls Restore
djuk gksrk gS bl izdkj fdlh Company dks okil izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA

Delition of a Company :- lcls igys Select Co. menu esa tkdj ml Co. dk Serial
no. ns[k ysrs gSa] ftl Co. dks Delete djuk gksrk gSA blds ckn C:\Tally\Data esa tkdj
ml Serial no. okys Folder dks Delete dj nsrs gSa rks og Company , Delete gks tkrh gSA
gksrk gS

Created By Satya Sir-8115262626