2.

1 Limitations of Rational Comprehensive Planning (RCP)

The rational model or theory is not a perfect theory, so it has flaws. Comprehensive planning
requires knowing everything, which is impossible for anyone to do. Here is three limitation of
Rational Comprehensive Planning (RCP) concerning State Structure Plan preparation. As we know,
state structure plan is a written declaration regarding the policies and general suggestions related to
land development and usage that covers components of the area's social, economic, and physical
environment.

2.1.1 Conflicting Values and Facts

Everyone perceives the subject differently and has various interests, it is impossible for everyone to
agree on a common goal. Combining all these differences will present major challenges to urban
planners, as they will need to highlight all aspects to fulfil or meet the needs of people ( Tel, 2012).
Individuals with different goals and objectives will lead individual interests to take precedence over
the interests of several parties or organisations that can lead into conflict between them. This issue
will tend to obscure the idea of limited human problem-solving abilities. Because of the existence of
competing ideals and facts, various challenges require different methods. Thus, some type of
simplification approach is required because not all issues can be handled at the same time.

2.1.2 Limited Time, Limited Skills, and Limited Resources

Time is also required for rational comprehensive planning. Time is frequently limited. Not all
relevant information required for a decision can be acquired within a limited time and therefore
most decisions can only be satisfactory solutions. According to Iyoriobhe (2013), limited time and
resources to make appropriate planning decisions and to analyse good options thoroughly is
impossible. RCP requires a comprehensive quantity of information to be a successful planning
activity, it is unable to deal with information deficiency or high data analysis costs. As a result, huge
financial resources are required. Besides, rationality requires the planner to take his time and go
through the planning process one by one, considering every alternative solution to a characteristic
one by one. The planner doesn't really have much time, especially in these today's world when
planners have tight work schedules and deadlines to complete plan preparations.
2.1.3 Incomplete Information About the Consequences of Supposed Alternatives

Elements such as socioeconomics and politics that are constantly changing will have an impact in
decision making or policy. In addition, at the time the planning was implemented, some of the data
received was outdated and caused the RCP could not keep up with developments from time to time.
For example, the unavailability of past trends or information about the population. Besides that,
most planning activities predict future planning over a relatively long period of time such as 5 years,
10 years and so on. Thus, the implications of these planning activities cannot be predicted with
accurate results and make it difficult to assess whether they meet the desired goals or objectives or
not. Hence, RCP does not take into account the interrelationship of the problems and issues in real
terms.