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Friendly Introduction To Numerical Analysis 1st Edition Bradie Solutions Manual
Friendly Introduction To Numerical Analysis 1st Edition Bradie Solutions Manual
For Exercises 1 through 3, use the values given below for the temperature, T ,
pressure, p, and density, ρ, of the standard atmosphere as a function of altitude.
This data was drawn from Table A.6 in Frank White, Fluid Mechanics:
z (m) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000
T (K) 288.16 284.91 281.66 278.41 275.16 271.91 268.66
p (Pa) 101,350 95,480 89,889 84,565 79,500 74,684 70,107
ρ (kg/m3 ) 1.2255 1.1677 1.1120 1.0583 1.0067 0.9570 0.9092
1. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the temperature of the
standard atmosphere at an altitude of z = 800 m, 1600 m, 2350 m and 2790 m?
At what altitude is the temperature of the standard atmosphere 273.1 K?
T (800 m) = 282.96 K,
T (1600 m) = 277.76 K,
T (2350 m) = 272.885 K, and
T (2790 m) = 270.025 K
The data suggests that T = 273.1 K for z between 2000 m and 2500 m. Solving
2. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the pressure of the stan-
dard atmosphere at an altitude of z = 800 m, 1600 m, 2350 m and 2790 m?
We solve this system and then use the equations (1) - (4) to determine c0 , c6 , the
dj and the bj , respectively. The complete set of spline coefficients is
aj bj cj dj
101350 −12.027809524 0.000584429 −0.000000018
95480 −11.456595238 0.000558000 −0.000000018
89889 −10.911809524 0.000531571 −0.000000008
84565 −10.386166667 0.000519714 −0.000000015
79500 −9.877523810 0.000497571 −0.000000013
74684 −9.389738095 0.000478000 −0.000000013
Using the appropriate piece of the cubic spline, we find
3. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the density of the stan-
dard atmosphere at an altitude of z = 800 m, 1600 m, 2350 m and 2790 m? At
what altitude is the density of the standard atmosphere 1.1000 kg/m3 ?
Cubic Spline Interpolation 3
3000 0 c1 0.0000126
500 2000 500 c2 0.0000120
500 2000 500
c3 =
0.0000126 .
500 2000 500 c4 0.0000114
0 3000 c5 0.0000114
We solve this system and then use the equations (1) - (4) to determine c0 , c6 , the
dj and the bj , respectively. The complete set of spline coefficients is
aj bj cj dj
1.22550000000 −0.00011781905 0.00000000456 −0.000000000238
1.16770000000 −0.00011344048 0.00000000420 −0.000000000238
1.11200000000 −0.00010941905 0.00000000384 0.000000000390
1.05830000000 −0.00010528333 0.00000000443 −0.000000000524
1.00670000000 −0.00010124762 0.00000000364 0.000000000105
0.95700000000 −0.00009752619 0.00000000380 0.000000000105
The data suggests that the density is 1.1000 kg/m3 for z between 1000 m and 1500
m. Solving
Exercises 4 through 9 are based on the following data for the density, ρ, viscosity,
µ, kinematic viscosity, ν, surface tension, Υ, vapor pressure, pv , and sound
speed, a, of water as a function of temperature. This data was drawn from
Tables A.1 and A.5 in Frank White, Fluid Mechanics:
4 Section 5.6
T ρ µ ν Υ pv a
(◦ C) (kg/m3 ) (×10−3 N·s/m2 ) (×10−5 m2 /s) (N/m) (kPa) (m/s)
0 1000 1.788 1.788 0.0756 0.611 1402
10 1000 1.307 1.307 0.0742 1.227 1447
20 998 1.003 1.005 0.0728 2.337 1482
30 996 0.799 0.802 0.0712 4.242 1509
40 992 0.657 0.662 0.0696 7.375 1529
50 988 0.548 0.555 0.0679 12.34 1542
60 983 0.467 0.475 0.0662 19.92 1551
70 978 0.405 0.414 0.0644 31.16 1553
80 972 0.355 0.365 0.0626 47.35 1554
90 965 0.316 0.327 0.0608 70.11 1550
100 958 0.283 0.295 0.0589 101.3 1543
4. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the density of water when
T = 34◦ C, 68◦ C, 86◦ C and 91◦ C?
5. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the viscosity of water
when
T = 34◦ C, 68◦ C, 86◦ C and 91◦ C? At what temperature is the viscosity 1.000 ×
10−3 N·s/m2 ?
aj bj cj dj
1.788 −0.059859545287 0.001321431793 −0.000014547726
1.307 −0.037795227356 0.000885000000 −0.000014547726
1.003 −0.024459545287 0.000448568207 −0.000004261368
0.799 −0.016766591495 0.000320727172 −0.000006406802
0.657 −0.012274088733 0.000128523104 0.000000888577
0.548 −0.009437053571 0.000155180412 −0.000002147506
0.467 −0.006977696981 0.000090755247 −0.000001298555
0.405 −0.005552158505 0.000051798601 0.000000341725
0.355 −0.004413668999 0.000062050350 −0.000001068345
0.316 −0.003493165501 0.000030000000 −0.000001068345
Using the appropriate piece of the cubic spline, we find
The data suggests that the viscosity is 1.000 × 10−3 N · s/m2 for T between 20◦ C
and 30◦ C. Solving
6. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the kinematic viscosity
of water when T = 34◦ C, 68◦ C, 86◦ C and 91◦ C? At what temperature is the
kinematic viscosity 1.000 × 10−5 m2 /s?
7. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the surface tension of
water when T = 34◦ C, 68◦ C, 86◦ C and 91◦ C? At what temperature is the
surface tension 0.0650 N/m?
8. Using the not-a-knot cubic spline interpolant, estimate the vapor pressure of
water when T = 34◦ C, 68◦ C, 86◦ C and 91◦ C?