vè;k;&7  ikS/ksa ,oa tUrqvksa dk laj{k.

k
(Conservation of Plant & Animal)
ouksUewyu@Deforestation
 ouksa dk lekIr gksuk ouksUewyu dgykrk gSA
 dkj.k  Ñf"k osQ fy, Hkwfe izkIr djukA
?kjksa vkSj dkj[kkuksa dk fuekZ.k
 iQuhZpj cukus vkSj ydM+h dk b±/u osQ :i esa mi;ksx
 c<+rk 'kgjhdj.k
 ouksUewyu dk ifj.kke/Consequences of Deforestation

 i`Foh ij CO2 dh ek=kk c<+rh gS ftlls Global

Warming gksrh gSA
 ekSle dk Pattern cny jgk gSA
 lw[ks dh laHkkouk vf/d
 i`Foh dk rki c<+us ls ty pØ dk larqyu fcxM+rk gS ftlls
o"kkZ nj esa deh vkrh gSA
 ouksa dh deh gksus ls Þ;wel fuekZ.k dh nj de gksrh gS
vkSj feV~Vh catj gks tkrh gSA

 ,d rjiQ vijnu gksrk gS ftlls feV~Vh osQ uhps dBksj

pV~Vkus fn[kk;h nsus yxrh gS] rks nwljh rjiQ Þ;wel fuekZ.k
dh nj de gksus ls moZj Hkwfe e:LFky esa ifjofrZr gksus
yxrh gSA bls e:LFkyhdj.k (Desertification) dgrs gSaA
 ouLifrtkr/Flora

 fdlh fo'ks"k {ks=k esa ik;s tkus okys isM+ ikS/ksa dks Flora dgrs gSaA

izk.kh tkr/Funna)

 fdlh fo'ks"k {ks=k esa jgus okys tUrqvksa dks Funna dgrs gSA
 fo'ks"k {ks=kh iztkfr/Endemic Species

 ikS/ksa ,oe~ tUrqvksa dh og

iztkfr tks fdlh fo'ks"k {ks=k esa
fof'k"V :i ls ik;h tkrh gSA
 tSls if'peh ?kkV esa foly
Hkkjrh; fo'kky fxygjh rFkk
mM+us okyh fxygjh
 ou ,oa oU;thoksa dk laj{k.k

tSo eaMy
jk"Vªh; m|ku vkjf{kr {ks=k
oU;izk.kh vHk;kj.; (National Park)
(Wildlife Sanctuary) (Bio-Spher
Reserve)
 oU; izk.kh vHk;kj.;
(Wild life Sancturary)

 tUrqvksa dks lajf{kr fd;k tkrk gSA

 f'kdkj ij iw.kZr% izfrcU/
 jk"Vh; m|ku
(National Park)

 ouLifr] tUrq] Hkwfe] dy feykdj ge dg ldrs gS fd

;s i;kZoj.k osQ lEiw.kZ ?kVdksa dk laj{k.k djrs gSaA
 lriqM+k jk"Vh; m|ku loksZÙke fdLe osQ lkxSku (Vhd)
vkSj folu nksuksa dk laj{k.k djrk gSA
 tSo e.My vkjf{kr {ks=k/Biosphere - Reserve

 tSo fofo/rk osQ laj{k.k osQ fy,

 ,d cM+s {ks=k dk laj{k.k fd;k tkrk gS rkfd ikS/ksa] tUrqvksa]
lw{ethoksa vkSj ml {ks=k esa jgus okys lkaLÑfrd leqnk;ksa dk
laj{k.k djukA
 vr% fdlh ck;ksLiQh;j fjtoZ osQ varxZr jk"Vªh; m|ku vkSj oU;
tUrq vHk;kj.; 'kkfey gks ldrs gSaA
 Project Tiger

 1973
 ck?k osQ laj{k.k osQ fy,

ladVkiUu tUrq Endangerd Animals

 os tUrq ftudh la[;k fu/kZfjr Lrj ls de gksrh tkrh gS rFkk

Hkfo"; esa buosQ foyqIr gksus dh laHkkouk gksA
Red Dato Book

 IUCN (International Union for (conservation of

Nature)
 lHkh ladVkiUu Lih'kht dk fjdkMZ j[kk tkrk gSA
 taxyh HkSalk] ckjg flaxk] ukpus okyk fgj.k] dkyk
fgj.k] uhykfxfj ykgj
 izoklh i{kh Migratory Birds

 izoklh i{kh izR;sd o"kZ ,d fuf'pr le; ij mM+dj vkrs gSaA

 os ;gk¡ v.Ms nsus vkrs gSa D;ksafd muosQ ewy fuokl esa cgqr
B.M gksrh gSA
 lkbcsfj;u ozsQu :l osQ lkbcsfj;k ls jktLFkku vkrs gSaA
 &% iz'u %&
1) ouksUewyu ls gksus okys izHkkoksa osQ lUnHkZ esa fuEu esa ls
dkSu lk dFku lgh ugha gS\
(a) i`Foh ij rkieku esa o`f¼ gksrh gSA
(b) HkkSe ty Lrj uhps pyk tkrk gSA
(c) e`nk osQ xq.k vizHkkfor jgrs gSaA
(d) e`nk dh tu/kj.k {kerk ?kVrh gSA
2) fuEu dFkuksa ij fopkj djsaA
1- fdlh fo'ks"k LFkku esa ik, tkus okys isM+ ikS/s ,oe tho tUrq ml
{ks=k osQ ouLifrtkr (Flora) vkSj izk.khtkr (Funna) dgykrs gSA
2- ikS/ks ,oe tUrqvksa dh og iztkfr tks fdlh {ks=k esa fof'k"V :i
ls ikbZ tkrh gS ml {ks=k dh fo'ks"k Lfkkfud iztkfr (Endemic
Species) dgrs gSaA
mijksDr dFku esa ls dkSu lgh gSaA
(a) osQoy 1 (b) osQoy 2
(c) 1 vkSj 2 (d) u rks 1 vkSj u gh 2
3) ouLifrtkr vkSj izkf.ktkr rFkk muosQ vkoklksa osQ laj{k.k osQ fy,
lajf{kr {ks=k fpfUgr fd;s x, gSA bu lajf{kr {ks=kksa osQ lUnHkZ esa fuEu
;qXeksa esa dkSu lgh lqesfyr gSa\
1- vHk;k.;% og {ks=k tgka izkf.k;ksa vkSj tUrqvksa dks ekjuk iw.kZr%
fuf"kn gSA
2- jk"Vªh;&m|ku% oU; thoksa osQ fy, vkjf{kr {ks=k tgka os izkÑfrd
lalk/uksa dk Lora=k mi;ksx dj ldrs gSA
3- tSoe.My&vkjf{kr&{ks=k% oU; thou] ikS/ksa vkSj tUrq lalk/uksa
vkSj ml {ks=k osQ vkfnokfl;ksa osQ ikjaifjd <ax ls thou ;kiu
gsrq fo'kky lajf{kr {ks=k
4) jsM MkVk cqd osQ lUnHkZ esa dkSu&lk dFku lgh gS\
1- blesa (Endemicspecies) dk fjdkMZ j[kk tkrk gSA
2- blesa Bio-Sptiere-Reserve dk fjdkMZ j[kk tkrk gS
3- blesa lHkh ladVkiUu iztkfr;ksa dk fjdkMZ j[kk tkrk
gSA
(a) osQoy 1 (b) osQoy 1] 3
(c) osQoy 3 (d) 1] 2 vkSj 3