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Substation
Primary Design

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Designed by:
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Eng. Sherif Hussein

E-Mail: Sherif.Sharafeldin.1986@gmail.com
Lecture One

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Auxiliary transformer sizing.

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 Design Basis

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• First of all Auxiliary transformer sizing means identify the transformer KVA rating.

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• Usually in project technical specification (PTS), all date of the Aux. TR. already mentioned
even KVA rating, but the mentioned rating is minimum requirement and must be verified
by the calculation during design stage.

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• NG (National grid) standard must be followed that is:

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i. TES-P-119.35.
ii. 51-TMSS-01.

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1. Considerations:
• The ultimate substation configuration shall be basis for estimating the various loads
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(Important as the current & future loads shall be considered).
• The simultaneous peak loading of the Aux. TR. Excluding the power transformer oil
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filtration socket load should not exceeding 80 % of its ratings.
• The diversity.
•
Design Basis
The following loads need not be considered for estimating simultaneous
• peak loading:
i. Transformer OLTC motors

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ii. Sump Motor
iii. All other short duration motor including CB motor (if hydraulic/pneumatic) etc.

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2. Inputs required to start design:
i. Study the standard well.

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• TES-P-119.35.

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• 51-TMSS-01.
ii. All substation equipment AC loads list which shall be connected to the Aux. TR.
Including future loads (Shall be requested from the project client).

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 The Important AC loads is the:
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• HVAC AC Loads, Lighting Loads, Oil Filtration AC loads for the power transformer, 125V
Battery charger.
 Other AC load such as:
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• Protection/Control/Communication Panels.
• HV GIS. MV SWGR.
• Etc.
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3. REMARKS FOR DIVERSITY FACTOR:

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• The diversity factor of all lighting load shall be considered as 1.0.
• Assuming 50% of Indoor/outdoor receptacles are loaded.

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• Momentary load-sump pump, OLTC motors & transformer Oil filtration socket
are not considered per clause 4.1.4 of TES-P-119.35.

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• Assuming one receptacle in each group of panels/Lighting pole is loaded
continuously.

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• Thermostat controlled space heater loading control, Relay & 13.8kV
switchgear panels are not considered since 100% HVAC system load is
included, which maintains room temperature of 25˚C.
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• All Cubicle lighting loads are included in the calculation.
• Duct heater loads are excluded since full load of PACU is considered.
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 Aux. TR. Calculation
3. 13.8kV / 400 - 230V Station Transformer Sizing Calculation:
Main ACDB Loads

ent (VA)

ng Load
(kVA) (c
equipm

Diversit
y factor

Operati
QTY (b)

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(VA) (c
= aXb)
Total
Load

load

X d)
per

(d)
(a)
Sr. No. Load Description Remark

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125V Battery charger (including Spare &
1 50000 2 100000 0.5 50
Future)
48V Battery charger (including Spare &
2 4090 2 8180 0.5 4
Future)

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Lighting Panel :LPF (including Spare &
3 60129 1 60129 1 60
Future)

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Lighting Panel :LPO (including Spare &
4 33889 1 33889 1 34
Future)
5 PACU -1&2 (Main & stand by). 51090 2 102180 0.5 51
6 PACU -3&4 (Main & stand by). 52350 2 104700 0.5 52

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7 PACU -5&6 (Main & stand by). 47990 2 95980 0.5 48
8 HVAC Control Panel. 21176 1 21176 0.05 1.1
Power transformer oil filtration
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receptacle at power Tr. Area.
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131640 3 394920 0 0
63A Receptacle For Power Transformer,
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10 Gas Filling, Aux. Tr., PACU Units & 36333 8 290666 0 0
Capacitor Banks.
11 Supply for EOT Crane. 7300 1 7300 0 0
12 PP-1 (Sub distribution AC panel). 45956 1 45956 1.00 45.96
13 PP-2 (Sub distribution AC panel). 11923 1 11923 1.00 11.92
TOTAL (kVA) 358
 Aux. TR. Calculation
From load details in previous slide:

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Summation of peak-simultaneous occurring loads can be summarized as follows:

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The simultaneous peak load on Auxiliary
= 358 KVA
Transformer excluding Oil Filtration Socket

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= (358+131.64)
The simultaneous peak load on Auxiliary

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Transformer including one Oil Filtration Socket
= 490.1 KVA

Max 80% Loading of the proposed auxiliary transformer size without transformer oil filtration Socket load, i.e. a
minimum capacity of ((358 / 0.8) =448 KVA ) is required.

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Hence selected size of station service transformer is :

(1) Rated (KVA)

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(2) Cooling ONAN
(3) Impedance Z% 4% - 6%
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(4) System Primary (HV) Nominal 13.8 KV , 3 phase 60 HZ
(5) System Secondary (LV) Nominal 400 / 230 with solidly earthed neutral
(6) Steps "Off load taps" ±5% ± 2 steps of 2.5%
(7) Vector group Dyn 11

Note: Highlighted items usually mentioned in the project documents (PTS) as shown in next slide.
 Aux. TR. Data from the PTS

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