IT Essentials

Dr. Usama Tharwat

9 dr.usama_tharwat@yahoo.com
1st Year IT (2022-2026)I – LEC02
 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
• ESD can occur when there is a
buildup of an electric charge
(static electricity)
on a surface
that comes into
contact with
another, differently
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charged surface.
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 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
• ESD can cause damage to computer
equipment if not discharged properly.
Follow proper handling guidelines,

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 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
• ESD can cause permanent damage
to electrical components.

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 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
• Follow these recommendations to help
prevent ESD damage:

Keep all components in antistatic bags

until you are ready to install them.
Use grounded mats on workbenches.
Use grounded floor mats in work areas.
Use antistatic wrist straps when working
9 inside computers.
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 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

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 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

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 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)

Demo..
F:\NCTU\My Courses\IT essentials\My
Slides\ESD.mp4

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 Anti-Static Antistatic ESD Ground Strap
Wrist Band Grounding Bracelet

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 be aware of environmental issues, and
use equipment that stabilizes power to
prevent equipment damage and data
loss.

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 PC COMPONENTS
• Cases
Desktop computers are available in a variety
of form factors, including:

Horizontal Case

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 PC COMPONENTS
• Cases
Desktop computers are available in a variety
of form factors, including:

Full-Size Tower

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 PC COMPONENTS
• Cases
Desktop computers are available in a variety
of form factors, including:

Compact Tower

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 PC COMPONENTS
• Cases
Desktop computers are available in a variety
of form factors, including:

All-in-One

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 PC COMPONENTS
• Power Supplies
Electricity from wall outlets is provided in
alternating current (AC); however, all
components inside a computer require direct
current (DC) power. To obtain DC power,
computers use a power supply,

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 PC COMPONENTS
• Power Supplies

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 PC COMPONENTS
Power supply Types:

1- Advanced
Technology (AT):

obsolete

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 PC COMPONENTS
Power supply Types:
2- AT Extended (ATX):
This is an updated
version of the AT
but is also
considered
obsolete.
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 PC COMPONENTS
Power supply Types:
3- ATX12V:

common power supply

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It includes a 2nd motherboard connector to provide
dedicated power to the CPU..
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 PC COMPONENTS
Power supply Types:
4- EPS12V:

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• This was originally designed for network servers but is
now commonly used in20high-end desktop models.
 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
A power supply includes several different
connectors,

• The connectors are “keyed,” which means

they are designed to be inserted in only
one orientation.

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 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
1- A 20-pin or 24-pin slotted connector
Connects to the motherboard

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 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
2- SATA keyed connector
Connects disk drives

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 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
2- SATA keyed connector
Connects disk drives

Connector is wider and

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thinner than a Molex Connector
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 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
Molex keyed connector,

Connects hard drives,

optical drives, or other
devices

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 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
Berg keyed connector
Connects to a legacy
floppy drive

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Smaller than a Molex connector
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 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
• 4-pin to 8-pin auxiliary power connector

• Connector has two rows of two to four pins and supplies

9 power to different areas of the motherboard
• The auxiliary power connector is the same shape as the
main power connector 27but smaller
 PC COMPONENTS
Connectors:
• 6/8-pin PCIe power

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• Connector has two rows of three to four pins and
supplies power to internal
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components
 PC COMPONENTS
• The different connectors provide different
voltages.
• The most common voltages supplied are
3.3V, 5V, and 12V.
• The 3.3V and 5V supplies are typically
used by digital circuits, and 12V supplies
are used to run motors in disk drives and
fans.
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 PC COMPONENTS
• Motherboards

A motherboard is a printed circuit board (PCB) that

contains buses, or electrical pathways, which interconnect
electronic components.

These components may be soldered directly to the

motherboard or added using sockets, expansion slots, and
ports.

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1. Mouse & keyboard 2. USB
3. Parallel port 4. CPU Chip
5. RAM slots 6. Floppy controller

9 7. IDE controller 8. PCI slot 9. ISA slot

10. CMOS Battery 11. AGP slot 12. CPU slot
13. Power supply plug31in
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 PC COMPONENTS
• Motherboards

Demo…

F:\NCTU\My Courses\IT essentials\My Slides\How

to make a Motherboard - A GIGABYTE Factory
Tour Video.mp4
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 Thank You
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