€ Gr. CHEMISTRY | ELI 25 Short Answer Questions iention the type of Polymerization involved in the formation of the following polymers. ) Bakelite b) PVC ©) Polyethene — ) Teflon A. | Polymer Polymerisation 1. Bakelite 1. Condensation polymerisation 2.PVC 2. Addition polymerisation 3.Polyethene —[3. Addition polymerisation 4. Teflon 4. Addition polymerisation 2. What is polymerisation? Give an example of a polymerisation reaction. The process of formation of polymers from respective monomers is called polymerisation. Ex, ™(CH, =CH,) > (-CH, ~CH,-)n * teetneoner) bee (mira 6 What is PHBV? How is it useful to man? A. 1. PHBV is poly-B-Hydroxy butyrate ~Co-B -Hydroxy Valerate 2. Itis a copolymer of 3-Hydroxy Butanoic acid and 3-Hydroxy pentanoic acid. i °—cH;—cH,—C—O—CH—CHz—C- | CH; bn, a ae Uses: A © A. @ A. i 1. It is used in thesmaking of capsules in medicine field. 2. It is used in Orthopaedic devices. Define an elastomer. 1. The polymers which contain elastic properties are called elastomers. 2. In elastomers, polymer chains are held together by weak inter molecular forces. Ex: Buna-S, Buns-N, Neoprene ‘What is vulcanisation? The process of heating of raw rubber with sulphur at 373-415K temperature to improve its physical properties is called vulcanisation. What do you mean by poly dispersity index? The ratio between weight average molecular mass (Mw) and number average molecular (Mn) of a polymer is called polydispesity index Pn. PDI of a polymer = For some natural polymers, PDI = For synthetic polymers, PDI > 1 What is biodegradable polymer? Give two examples. A polymer which is decomposed by the action of a microorganisms are called bio-degradable polymer. Ex: PHBY, Polylactic acid Mention the structures and names of the monomers used for preparing the following polymers. 1) Bakelite f 2) Poly styrene 3) Teflon 4) Poly vinyl Chloride 5) Nylon-6, 6 6) Glyptal 7) Terylene 8) Buna.N. |S | POLYMER | ~ MONOMERS STRUCTURE No| | _NAME 1. | Bakelite - Phenol CHSOH | Formaldehyde HCHO | CH=CH) 2. | Polystyrene Styrene ‘ | e “Ry es EF: | 3. | Teflon ‘Tetrafluroethene ae ; | : 7 4. | pve Viilyl Chloride H,C-CHCI 5. | Nylon-6, 6 ‘Adipic acid HOOC ~(cqp)-COOH ~Hexamettiylene diamine H.N—(CH;)g—NH) cay— OH 6. | Glyptal Ethylene giycol lypt iylene gly HOH COOH o “Phthalic acid (O) + 5 7. | Terylene Ethylene glycol CH OH | 1,0 | On) a Dacron (or) |. COOH Polyethylene |” Terephthalic acid Terphthalate, i | (or) PET. oH 8. | Buna-N 1, 3 butadiene and CH, = CHtCH=CH, and Vinyl cyanide CH, = CH=CN —L a ] FAST TRACK IPE for Sr. Students 4— geomemse 4) What ddition polymer? Give an example of an addition polymer, polymers formed by the addition of a large umber of same or different molecules without the loss of any simple molecules are called addition polymers. Ex: PVC, neoprene, polythene AL fa)woat is cross linking agent used in vulcanisation? ‘5% sulphur is the cross linking agent Raw rubber + S — vulcanized rubber. w|i oeeok | a homopolymer or a copolymer? A. Itis a homopolymer. Itis a polyamide Itis a polymer of amino acid aes ‘ 3 A. A R 1. Give two examples for semi-synthetic polymers? A. Cellulose nitrate, cellulose acetate. [Rayon] @©Wat is Ziegler-Natta catalyst? A. Itis mixture of tri ethyl aluminium and titanium tetra chloride. Triethyl aluminium —> (C,H,),Al Titanium tetrachloride —> TiCl, A A 4. Give structure of Nylon-2-Nylon-6 A Itis a copolymer of glycine (H,N-CH,-COOH] and Amino caproic acid [ran —{cx; )-coon | Structure 4 sn—cut—co—n(cts}- cof A. 1s, 16, What are the monomer repeating units of Nylon-6, and Nylon-6, 6. In Nylon-6, monomer is caprotactum. In Nylon- 6, 6, monomers are hexamethylene diamine and adipic acid. Name the different types of molecular mass of polymers. 1, Number average molecular mass (Mn) 2. Weight average molecular mass (Mw) (FD wat is the aitterence between Buna-S and Buna-N. 1, Buna-N is a copolymer of vinyl cyanide and 1, 3- Butadiene. 2. Buna-S is a copolymer of styrene and 1, 3-Butadiene. QB) Wat are fibres? Give example. 1, Fibers are thread forming solid having high tensile strength,and high modulus. 2. Polymers chain contains intermolécular H-bond, which gives crystalline nature. Ex: Nylon-6, 6; polyesters (S) what are thermoplastic polymers? Give example. Polymers which are soft on heating and become rigid on cooling are called thermoplastic polymers. : Ex: PVC, Polythene. G0) wnat aré thermosetting polymers? Give example. Polymers which are not soft on heating and becomes hard on heating are called thermo- setting polymers, Ex: Bakelite, urea formaldehyde resins. @ ‘What are copolymers? Give example. Polymers which are formed from more than one kind of monomer units are called copolymers, Ex: Nylon-6, 6, terylene. —7]_ ot [Se CHENEY @® What are homopolymers? Give example. A. Polymer which are formed from one kind of monomer units are called homopolymers. Ex: PVC, Polythene. 23. What are monomers? Give example. A. The smallest repeating units combines to form the polymer is called monomer. Ex. Ethylene in polyethene, vinyl chloride in PVC. Write the names and structures of the monomers of the following polymers. 1) Buna -S 2) Buna -N 3) Dacron 4) Neoprene A. NAME & STRUCTURE OF S.No. POLYMER NAME TES 1. Buna-S 1. 1, 3 Butadiene (CH, = CH-CH=CH,] 2. Styrene [CsH,CH=CH,] 2. Buna-N 1. 1, 3-Butadiene [H,C =CH~CH=CH,] 2. Vinyl Cyanide [H,C=CH-CN] CHy-OH 3. Dacron 1. Ethylene glycol gly ,OH COOH 2. Terephthalic acid OOH 4. Neoprene Chloroprene (or) 2-Chloro-1, 3-Butadiene FAST TRACK IPE for Sx. Swae™ Sig a