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Paediatrics - Arjuna 1.0 NEW 2
Paediatrics - Arjuna 1.0 NEW 2
Paediatrics - Arjuna 1.0 NEW 2
PEDIATRICS
A- Prenatal Period –
Ovum = 0 to 14 days
Embryo = 14 days to 9 weeks
Foetus = 9 weeks till birth
B- Perinatal Period
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Double
Length – 4 yrs;
Weight – 5 Months
After birth there is weight loss of child in 1st week (10 % wt. Loss)
Average birth weight of Indian new born = 2.8 kg.
At Birth
Height = 50 Cms.
Head circumference = 35 cm. ( 13.75 Incnes )
Chest circumference = 32 cm.
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Creeps = 10 months
Vaginal bleeding appear in some child at 3 to 7 days of birth. (No need to management)
Breast engorgment seen in child at 3/4" day of birth (No need to treat)
Physiological jaundice in children appears after 48 hrs of birth and disappears by 7 days
while pathological Jaundice appear within 48 hrs of birth
Umbilical hernia gets normal up to 3 to 4 years
Bowed legs normal up to 2 years
Marasmus is a carbohydrate deficiency while Kwashiorker is theProtein deficiency
disease
Flag sign and moon face is found in Kwashiorker while monkey face is found in
marasmus
Main pathological feature of tuberculosis - caseous necrosis
Milliary tuberculosis occurs usually within 1 year of primary complex
Posterior fontanellae close at the age of 4 months and Ant Fontanelle close at the 9-18
months.
New born passes urine within 24 hrs. and passes stool (meconium) within 12 hrs of birth.
Commonest malignancy in children = Leukemia
Commonest heart disease in child = Rheumatic heart disease
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Head Circumferance
Immunobiologics : This term is used for antigen substances such as vaccines, toxoids,
Immunoglobines and Antitoxins, these are used to produce active or passive immunization.
Vaccine - A suspension of infectious Agent given for the purpose of establishing resistance
to an infectious disease.
Toxoid - A modified bacterial toxin, that has been made non toxic, but retain the capacity to
stimulate the formation of Antitoxin.
Antitoxin - These are Antibody derived from serum of Animal, after stimulation with
specific antigen used for passive immunization,
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Main Vaccines
Main immunoglobulins
IMP POINTS
VSD – Ventricular Septal Defect
Cortraction of Arota
Trilogy - Pulmonary Stenosis
Pentalogy Tetralogy +
LVH – LEFT Ventricular Hypertrophy
2014
Includes 7 Vaccine
DPT, T.B, Polio,Hep B, Measles
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P'ABA (Para Amino Benzoic Acid) present in breast milk prevents the infection of -
Plasmodium Vivax (MH 2014)
Craniosynostosis - Head circumference is >2 z-score above mean for the age, height
and gender (ATAPGET 2017)
Recommended prophylactic dose of vit "A" in children of above 1 year age is - 2 lakh IU
(NIA+JAM 2011)
What is the complication found in neonates; if chloramphenical is used by gravid
woman? - Bone marrow depression (NIA+JAM 2011)
One year child have vomiting and diarrhoca but there is no oedema and weight ofchild is
62% of his normal weight. Then in which grade of P.E.M. he should be classified - PEM II
(NIA 2007)
Jelly like bloody stool in baby is found in - Intestinal Intussusception (NIA 2012)
Xerophthalmia in child occurs due to deficiency of - Retinol (JAM 2007)
Jaundice occurs in a neonate within 24 hrs. of the birth, what may be expected cause
Rh Haemolytic disease
TAB vaccine is used in - Typhoid (NIA 2005, BHU 2001)- monovalent vaccine
A new born is born with multiple fracture, what could be the possible cause
Osteogenesis Imperfecta (BHU 2007)
Prophylaxis dose of vitamin D in children is - 400 IU/Day (BHU 2007)
Dose of Vit. A in children is - 500g (BHU 2008)
Prophylaxis use of Vit. A should be started to every infant - 4 months of age (BHU
2007)
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