ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

FORMATIVE

1)What are fossil fuels?

It is a natural fuel such as coal or gas

2) How is crude oil transformed into useful fuels?

The crude is heated by a furnace and is sent to a distillation tower, where it is separated by
boiling point. Then the material is converted by heating, pressure or a catalyst into finished
products

3)Why are naming rules for chemical compounds important?

It is important to ensure that every chemical compound has a distinct, unique name to avoid
confusion.

4)What are alkanes and where do they come from?

Alkanes are single bonded, saturated hydrocarbons. Examples include methane, ethane,
propane, butane, etc., and they come primarily from oils and natural gasses.

5)Determine the relationship between the number of carbons and the hydrogens in alkanes: if
an alkane has n carbons, how many hydrogens does it have? Write your answer in the form
CnH?

CnH2n+2

Data-based question: How does the composition of crude oil reserves vary?
Not all crude oil is the same. The composition varies according to the oil reserve from which it is
extracted.

.1) Look at the charts and the illustration of fractional distillation. Explain which crude oil is best
suited to the production of gasoline.

2)Explain why crude oil from Venezuela is called heavy oil. How does the molecular mass of the
most common hydrocarbon in this crude oil differ from the hydrocarbons commonly found in
Saharan crude oil?

3)The terms sweet crude oil and sour crude oil refer to the sulfur content of the crude oil. Crude
oil with less than 0.5% sulfur content is classified as sweet. Which crudes on this graph are
considered sweet oil?
4)Sulfur is corrosive. Suggest reasons why sweet oil is easier to rene and is preferred by
reneries? Why does sweet oil command a higher price per barrel?