CS8792 Unit 1

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TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

Downloaded From: www.EasyEngineering.net
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syE Confidentiality
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nee Integrity
Secure
Availability
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Trusted third
party
t
Sender Receiver
Transformation Transformation
Message + Secret nformation Secret + Message

message Channel message
Secret Opponent Secret

information information
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Passive attacks
Security
attacks
Active attacks
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Opponent Read content of
t
message from sender
to receiver
nternet
Sender Receiver
hp
Opponent Observe pattern of

messages from sender
to receiver
hp hp
nternet
Sender
Receiver
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hp
g .ne
Opponent Message from opponent
t
that appears to be from sender
hp hp
nternet
Sender Receiver
hp
ww Opponent
Capture message from
sender to receiver, later
replay message to receiver
whp
.Ea nternet
hp
Sender syE Receiver
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nee
hp
rin
g .ne
hp
Opponent
Opponent modifies
message from sender
to receiver
hp
t
nternet
Sender Receiver
hp
Disrupts service
provided by server
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hp hp
nternet
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Source
system
Server
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hp
g
Target
system
.ne
Legitimate connection attempt
TCP SYN packet
t
TCP SYN ACK packet
TCP ACK packet
Syn flood DOS attack

TCP SYN packet
TCP SYN ACK packet
The final TCP ACK packet is never sent

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Encipherment
ww Data integrity
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Digital signature
syE
Security
mechanisms
Authentication exchange
ngi Traffic padding
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Routing control
Notarization rin
Access control
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t
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OSI Security
architecture
t
Security attacks
Security mechanisms
Security services
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Plain text
Encryption
Cypher-text
Decryption
Plain text
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Attacker nee
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Secret key
shared by
sender and recipients
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Plaintext
input
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Encryption
algorithm
Decryption
algorithm
Plaintext
output
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^
X
Cryptanalyst ^
K
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Message
source
X Encryption
algorithm
Y Decryption
algorithm
X
Destination
w .Ea K
Secure channel
syE Key
source
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
t
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 w
 C1
 C2
C




 K 11

.Ea
 K 21
K
K 12
K 22
K 32
K 13   P1

K 23   P2
K 33   P3




 3   31 
syE
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
nee
rin
 17 17 5 
 
 21 18 21 
g .ne
 2 2 19 
 
t
 17 17 5   15 
   
 21 18 21   0 
 2 2 19   24 
   
 375 
 
 819 
 486 
 
 11 
 
 13 
 18 
 
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Plaintext (2w bits)

Key
Round 1 L0 w bits w bits R0 K1 Subkey

generation
algorithm
F
ww L1 R1
w
Round i .Ea Ki
syE F
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nee
Li Ri
rin
Round n Kn g .ne
F
t
Ln Rn
Ln+1 Rn+1
Plaintext (2w bits)

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LD 0  F( RD 0 , K 16 )

RE 0 LE 0
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 17 17 5  rin

 2 2 19 


 21 18 21 

g .ne
 17 17 5 
 
t
 21 18 21 
 2 2 19 
 
 15   15   375   11 
       
 0   0   819   13 
 24   24   486   18 
       
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
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 2 
  rin
 14 
 4 
  g .ne
t
 0 13 14 
 
 19 6 4 
 17 1 25 
 

 0 13 14   2   238  4 
      
 19 6 4   14  mod 26  138  mod 26  8
 17 1 25   4   148   18 
      
 17 17 5 
 
 21 18 21 
 2 2 19 
 
 17 17 5 
 
 21 18 21 
 2 2 19 
 
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 15   15 
  
 0  0 
 375 
 
 819  mod 26
 11 
 
 13 
w
 24   24 
  
 486 

.Ea 
 18 
 
syE
ngi
 0 13 14 
19 6 4 
 
nee
17 1 25
rin
4 4 8 
18 13 0 
 
g .ne
18 19 11

t
 0 13 14  4 4 8 
19 6 4  18 13 0  mod 26
   
17 1 25 18 19 11
486 435 154  18 19 24 

256 230 196  mod 26 22 22 14  mod 26
   
536 556 411 16 10 21 
S T Y
W W D  mod 26
 
 Q K V 
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 syE
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b o o nee
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u y u b o s n u
rin u t
y r k A
g s
.ne
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ww Steganography
(Covered writing, covert channels)
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Protection against detection
(data hiding)
Protection against removal
(document marking)
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Watermarking
(all objects are marked rin
Fingerprinting
(identify all objects, every
in the same way)
g
object is marked specific)
.ne
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image
ngi Stego object
Cover
Encoder
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image
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Secret
image Decoder
Key
Communications
t
channel
Original
cover
~
I
~
I xK xM  I
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~
I
~
I
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2n
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CS8792 Unit 1

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CS8792 Unit 1

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Downloaded From: www.EasyEngineering.

TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS - An up thrust for knowledge

Message + Secret nformation Secret + Message

Secret Opponent Secret

Opponent Observe pattern of

Sender syE Receiver

TCP ACK packet

Syn flood DOS attack

TCP SYN ACK packet

The final TCP ACK packet is never sent

ngi Traffic padding

Plaintext (2w bits)

Round 1 L0 w bits w bits R0 K1 Subkey

Plaintext (2w bits)

486 435 154  18 19 24 

ngi Stego object

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