Experiment-8.

Aim : To identify one acidic and one basic radical in the given inorganic salt.
Apparatus required : Test-tube, beaker, test-tube holder, burner, funnel, filter paper, measuring cylinder, delivery
tube, Kipp's apparatus, glass rod, etc.
Chemicals required : Salt, distilled water, NaOH, H2SO4 ,NH4OH, K2Cr2O7, CH3COOH, (CH3COO)2Pb, K2CrO4 , Nessler's
reagent, H2S gas, etc.
Preliminary test :
Physical state = solid
Colour = white
Odour = characteristic smell
Observations :
(A) Tests for acidic radical
S.N. Experiments Observations Inferences

1. Took a small amount of salt in a dry test tube + add 1-2 ml Colourless and Cl– may be present.
of conc. H2SO4 and warm (Do not boil) the contents gently. pungent smelling gas
evolved

2. Took a small amount of salt in a dry test tube + add 1-2 ml White dense fumes Cl– is present.
of conc. H2SO4 and warm (Do not boil) the contents gently are produced
and bring a glass rod moistened with NH4OH near the
mouth of the test tube.
OR
Took a little amount of salt in a dry test tube + K2Cr2O7 A Yellow ppt of lead Cl– is present.
(Three times of salt taken) and 1 ml of conc. H2SO4 + Heat chromate is formed.
gently. Orange yellow vapours (CrO2Cl2) are evolved + Pass
the evolved vapours in a test tube containing NaOH +
acidify the NaOH solution mixture with CH3COOH +
(CH3COO)2Pb solution.

(B) Tests for basic radical

S.N. Experiments Observations Inferences

1. Took a small amount of salt + NaOH No gas evolved Zero group absent.

2. Original solution + H2S gas + dil. HCl White ppt. formed Ist group present.

3. Wash the ppt on the filter paper with cold water + transfer
the ppt to a boiling tube or a small beaker and add 10-15
mL of distilled water + boil for few minutes and filter +
divide the filtrate into four parts
(i) Cool one part under the tap. Crystals of PbCl2 Pb2+ is present.
separate out

(ii) Add a few drops of K2CrO4 solution. A yellow ppt of PbCrO4 Pb2+ is present.
soluble in NaOH but
insoluble in CH3COOH

(iii) Add KI solution. A yellow ppt of PbI2 Pb2+ is present.

soluble in boiling
water, but reappears
on cooling
 (iv) Add dil. H2SO4 and wait. A white ppt of PbSO4 Pb2+ is present.
soluble in ammonium
acetate solution.

Results : In the given inorganic salt, acidic radical = Cl– and basic radical = Pb2+ are present. The given inorganic salt is
found to be PbCl2 .