Central Forces

Vinay Kumar Bunni

Assistant Professor of Physics,
SRNK GDC- BANSWADA.

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 Central Forces

• Definition & Examples

• Conservative nature of central force

• Equation of motion of a particle under central force

• Central Force equal to –ve gradient of potential energy

• Gravitational field and gravitational potential

• Kepler’s laws of planetary motion

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Definition

A force acts on a particle towards

or away from the fixed point

f(r) r

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Examples
• Gravitation Force
• Electrostatic Force

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Conservative nature of central force

A force is said to be conservative when the work done

by the force in moving a particle from a point A to a
point B is independent of the path followed between A
and B is the same for all the paths.
The workdone depends only on the particle’s initial
and final positions.
The workdone by a conservative force along a closed
path is zero.

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Conservative force as –ve gradient of potential energy

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Equation of motion of a particle under central force

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This is known as equation of motion of a central force

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Gravitational field and gravitational potential

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Kepler’s laws of planetary motion

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First law derivation

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 4
1
4
4

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 3

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 5

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This is the proof of Kepler’s first law

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Second law derivation

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Third law derivation

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Thank You