t1.

THE TABLE BELOW SHOWS THE PH VALUES OF CERTAIN SOLUTIONS

SOLUTION A B C D
PH VALUES 8 5 7 11

WHICH OF THE SLOLUTIONS IS MOST LIKELY TO BE SOLUTIONS OF

1.COMMON SALT

2.LIME WATER

3. ORANGE JUICE

4 HOUSEHOL

The following data gives the PH value of solution P, Q, R AND S

solution p q R S
Ph value 13.6 1.3 8.5 5.2

1 classify the following solutions as either srongly acidic,weakly acidic, strongly basic or weakly basic.

P, Q, R , S

2what is the colour of solution P after adding a few drops of phemolphthalein indicator

3 select any pair that react to give a solution whose PH values is 7.0

How one can obtain oil from ground nuts

ANSWERS

1. Common Salt (Sodium Chloride): Common salt typically has a neutral pH of around 7. Among
the given solutions, Solution C with a pH of 7 is most likely to be a solution of common salt.

2. Lime Water (Calcium Hydroxide): Lime water is a basic solution. Among the given solutions,
Solution A with a pH of 8 is more basic, so it is more likely to be a solution of lime water.

3. Orange Juice: Orange juice is acidic. Among the given solutions, Solution B with a pH of 5 is the
most acidic, so it is more likely to be a solution of orange juice.

4. Household Soap: Soaps are generally basic. Among the given solutions, Solution A with a pH of 8
is more basic, so it is more likely to be a solution of household soap.
In summary:

 Common Salt (1): Solution C (pH 7)

 Lime Water (2): Solution A (pH 8)

 Orange Juice (3): Solution B (pH 5)

 Household Soap (4): Solution A (pH 8)

You

when a student was stung by a wasp ,a teacher applied an aqueous solution of ammonia to the affected
area of the skin and the student was relieved explain

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When a student is stung by a wasp, the pain and discomfort are usually caused by proteins in the venom
injected by the wasp. The venom is slightly acidic, and it can trigger an inflammatory response in the
body, leading to pain, redness, and swelling at the site of the sting.

Ammonia, which is a basic (alkaline) substance, can help alleviate the effects of a wasp sting. Here's
how:

1. Neutralizing Effect: Ammonia has a neutralizing effect on acids. The venom from the wasp sting
is acidic, and applying an aqueous solution of ammonia helps to neutralize the acidic
components. This neutralization can reduce the pain and irritation caused by the acidic venom.

2. Anti-inflammatory Properties: Ammonia also has mild anti-inflammatory properties. It can help
reduce the swelling and redness associated with the inflammatory response triggered by the
venom.

3. Pain Relief: The neutralization of the acidic venom and the anti-inflammatory properties of
ammonia can contribute to pain relief at the site of the sting. By mitigating the effects of the
venom, ammonia provides relief to the affected area.

It's important to note that while ammonia can be effective for wasp stings, it's essential to use it in a
diluted form (an aqueous solution) to avoid any potential skin irritation. Additionally, individuals with
known allergies or sensitivities should be cautious, and it's advisable to seek professional medical
attention if there is any uncertainty or if the reaction to the sting is severe.

You

The following data gives the PH value of solution P, Q, R AND S solution p q r s Ph value 13.6 1.3 8.5 5.2 1
classify the following solutions as either srongly acidic,weakly acidic, strongly basic or weakly basic. P, Q,
R , S 2what is the colour of solution P after adding a few drops of phemolphthalein indicator 3 select any
pair that react to give a solution whose PH values is 7.0

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1. Classifying Solutions:

 Solution P (pH 13.6) is strongly basic.

 Solution Q (pH 1.3) is strongly acidic.

 Solution R (pH 8.5) is weakly basic.

 Solution S (pH 5.2) is weakly acidic.

2. Color of Solution P with Phenolphthalein:

 Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator that changes color in different pH ranges. In a strongly

basic solution like Solution P (pH 13.6), phenolphthalein would typically exhibit a deep
pink to purple color.

3. Pair Reacting to Form pH 7 Solution:

 To form a solution with a pH of 7.0 (neutral), you need a combination of a strong acid
and a strong base. Since Solution Q is strongly acidic (pH 1.3), and Solution P is strongly
basic (pH 13.6), they can react to form a solution with a pH close to 7.0 when mixed in
appropriate proportions. This is because the strong acid and strong base will neutralize
each other.

Therefore, the pair that can react to give a solution with a pH value close to 7.0 is Solution Q and
Solution P.

You

describe how one can obtain oil from ground nuts

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Obtaining oil from groundnuts (peanuts) involves a process called oil extraction. The most common
method used is mechanical pressing, although other methods like solvent extraction are also employed
in large-scale oil production. Here's a basic outline of the process using mechanical pressing:

Mechanical Pressing Method:

1. Harvesting:
  Groundnuts are typically harvested when the pods have matured but before they become too
dry.

2. Cleaning:

 The harvested groundnuts are cleaned to remove any dirt, rocks, or other impurities.

3. Shelling:

 The outer shell or husk of the groundnuts is removed to expose the kernels or seeds inside.

4. Roasting:

 The shelled groundnuts are often roasted to enhance flavor and aroma. Roasting also helps
loosen the oil-bearing cells.

5. Grinding:

 The roasted groundnuts are then ground into a paste using a grinding machine. This paste is
known as groundnut paste.

6. Pressing:

 The groundnut paste is fed into an oil press machine. This machine applies mechanical pressure
to the paste, squeezing out the oil from the cells. The pressure can be applied through a screw
press or hydraulic press.

7. Separation:

 The pressed mixture contains a combination of oil, water, and solid residue. This mixture is then
subjected to separation processes. This can involve using a centrifuge or allowing the mixture to
settle, allowing the oil to separate from the water and solid components.

8. Filtration:

 The separated oil may undergo further filtration to remove any remaining impurities or
particles.

9. Storage:

 The extracted oil is then stored in clean, airtight containers to prevent oxidation and maintain its
quality.

Note:

 In larger-scale production, solvent extraction methods may be used. In this process, a solvent
(usually hexane) is used to dissolve the oil from the groundnut paste, and then the solvent is
evaporated to leave behind the oil.

Always consider using clean and hygienic equipment to ensure the quality and safety of the extracted
oil. Additionally, these steps may vary based on the scale of production and the specific equipment used.

OTHER QUESTIONS
 WRITE DOWN THE EQUATION FOR THE REACTION BETWEEN THE FOLLOWING

1 SODIUM AND HYDROCHLORIDE ACID

2 MAGNESIUM CARBONATE AND NITRIC ACID

3 ZINC OXIDE AND SULPHURIC ACID

4 POTASSIUM HYDROXIDE AND HYDROCHLORIC ACID

5 ALUMINIUM AND OXYGEN

4. THE PH SAMPLE OF SOIL WAS FOUND TO BE 5.0 AN AGRICULTURAL OFFICER RECOMMENDED

THE OF CALCIUM OXIDE IN THE SOIL EXPLAIN

5 WHEN SOLID A WAS HEATED STRONGLY IT GAVE OFF WATER AND A WHITE RESIDUE . WHEN
WATER WAS ADDED TO THE SOLID RESIDUE THE ORIGINAL SOLID A WAS FORMED. [ ANSWER
QUESTION BELOW]

1. WHAT IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE WATER GIVEN OUT

2. WHAT NAME IS GIVEN TO THE PROCESS DESCRIBED ABOVE
3. GIVE ONE EXAMPLE OF SOLID A

6 HOW IS THE PURITY OF SODIUM CHLORIDE CRYSTALS BE DETERMINED

ANSWERS

You
1.THE TABLE BELOW SHOWS THE PH VALUES OF CERTAIN SOLUTIONS SOLUTION
A B C D PH VALUES 8 5 7 11 WHICH OF THE SLOLUTIONS IS MOST LIKELY TO BE
SOLUTIONS OF 1.COMMON SALT 2.LIME WATER 3. ORANGE JUICE 4 HOUSEHOLD
SOAP
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1. Common Salt (Sodium Chloride): Common salt typically has a neutral pH of around 7. Among
the given solutions, Solution C with a pH of 7 is most likely to be a solution of common salt.
2. Lime Water (Calcium Hydroxide): Lime water is a basic solution. Among the given solutions,
Solution A with a pH of 8 is more basic, so it is more likely to be a solution of lime water.
3. Orange Juice: Orange juice is acidic. Among the given solutions, Solution B with a pH of 5 is
the most acidic, so it is more likely to be a solution of orange juice.
4. Household Soap: Soaps are generally basic. Among the given solutions, Solution A with a pH
of 8 is more basic, so it is more likely to be a solution of household soap.

In summary:

 Common Salt (1): Solution C (pH 7)

 Lime Water (2): Solution A (pH 8)
 Orange Juice (3): Solution B (pH 5)
 Household Soap (4): Solution A (pH 8)

You
when a student was stung by a wasp ,a teacher applied an aqueous solution of ammonia to the
affected area of the skin and the student was relieved explain
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
When a student is stung by a wasp, the pain and discomfort are usually caused by proteins in the
venom injected by the wasp. The venom is slightly acidic, and it can trigger an inflammatory
response in the body, leading to pain, redness, and swelling at the site of the sting.

Ammonia, which is a basic (alkaline) substance, can help alleviate the effects of a wasp sting.
Here's how:

1. Neutralizing Effect: Ammonia has a neutralizing effect on acids. The venom from the wasp
sting is acidic, and applying an aqueous solution of ammonia helps to neutralize the acidic
components. This neutralization can reduce the pain and irritation caused by the acidic venom.
2. Anti-inflammatory Properties: Ammonia also has mild anti-inflammatory properties. It can
help reduce the swelling and redness associated with the inflammatory response triggered by the
venom.
3. Pain Relief: The neutralization of the acidic venom and the anti-inflammatory properties of
ammonia can contribute to pain relief at the site of the sting. By mitigating the effects of the
venom, ammonia provides relief to the affected area.

It's important to note that while ammonia can be effective for wasp stings, it's essential to use it
in a diluted form (an aqueous solution) to avoid any potential skin irritation. Additionally,
individuals with known allergies or sensitivities should be cautious, and it's advisable to seek
professional medical attention if there is any uncertainty or if the reaction to the sting is severe.

You
The following data gives the PH value of solution P, Q, R AND S solution p q r s Ph value 13.6
1.3 8.5 5.2 1 classify the following solutions as either srongly acidic,weakly acidic, strongly
basic or weakly basic. P, Q, R , S 2what is the colour of solution P after adding a few drops of
phemolphthalein indicator 3 select any pair that react to give a solution whose PH values is 7.0
ChatGPT
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1. Classifying Solutions:
 Solution P (pH 13.6) is strongly basic.
 Solution Q (pH 1.3) is strongly acidic.
 Solution R (pH 8.5) is weakly basic.
 Solution S (pH 5.2) is weakly acidic.
2. Color of Solution P with Phenolphthalein:
 Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator that changes color in different pH ranges. In a strongly
basic solution like Solution P (pH 13.6), phenolphthalein would typically exhibit a deep
pink to purple color.
3. Pair Reacting to Form pH 7 Solution:
 To form a solution with a pH of 7.0 (neutral), you need a combination of a strong acid
and a strong base. Since Solution Q is strongly acidic (pH 1.3), and Solution P is strongly
basic (pH 13.6), they can react to form a solution with a pH close to 7.0 when mixed in
appropriate proportions. This is because the strong acid and strong base will neutralize
each other.
Therefore, the pair that can react to give a solution with a pH value close to 7.0 is Solution Q and
Solution P.

You
describe how one can obtain oil from ground nuts
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
Obtaining oil from groundnuts (peanuts) involves a process called oil extraction. The most
common method used is mechanical pressing, although other methods like solvent extraction are
also employed in large-scale oil production. Here's a basic outline of the process using
mechanical pressing:

Mechanical Pressing Method:

1. Harvesting:

 Groundnuts are typically harvested when the pods have matured but before they become too dry.

2. Cleaning:

 The harvested groundnuts are cleaned to remove any dirt, rocks, or other impurities.

3. Shelling:

 The outer shell or husk of the groundnuts is removed to expose the kernels or seeds inside.

4. Roasting:
 The shelled groundnuts are often roasted to enhance flavor and aroma. Roasting also helps
loosen the oil-bearing cells.

5. Grinding:

 The roasted groundnuts are then ground into a paste using a grinding machine. This paste is
known as groundnut paste.

6. Pressing:

 The groundnut paste is fed into an oil press machine. This machine applies mechanical pressure
to the paste, squeezing out the oil from the cells. The pressure can be applied through a screw
press or hydraulic press.

7. Separation:

 The pressed mixture contains a combination of oil, water, and solid residue. This mixture is then
subjected to separation processes. This can involve using a centrifuge or allowing the mixture to
settle, allowing the oil to separate from the water and solid components.

8. Filtration:

 The separated oil may undergo further filtration to remove any remaining impurities or particles.

9. Storage:

 The extracted oil is then stored in clean, airtight containers to prevent oxidation and maintain its
quality.

Note:
 In larger-scale production, solvent extraction methods may be used. In this process, a solvent
(usually hexane) is used to dissolve the oil from the groundnut paste, and then the solvent is
evaporated to leave behind the oil.

Always consider using clean and hygienic equipment to ensure the quality and safety of the
extracted oil. Additionally, these steps may vary based on the scale of production and the
specific equipment used.

You

WHEN SOLID A WAS HEATED STRONGLY IT GAVE OFF WATER AND A WHITE RESIDUE . WHEN
WATER WAS ADDED TO THE SOLID RESIDUE THE ORIGINAL SOLID A WAS FORMED. [ ANSWER
 QUESTION BELOW] 1. WHAT IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE WATER GIVEN OUT 2. WHAT NAME IS
GIVEN TO THE PROCESS DESCRIBED ABOVE 3. GIVE ONE EXAMPLE OF SOLID A
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1. The water given off during the heating of solid A is typically referred to as "water of crystallization."
2. The process described above is known as "dehydration." This term is commonly used to describe the
removal of water or the loss of water molecules from a substance.
3. An example of solid A could be a hydrated salt, such as copper sulfate pentahydrate (CuSO₄·5H₂O).
When heated, it loses water of crystallization, forming an anhydrous salt (CuSO₄) and releasing water
in the process.

You
HOW IS THE PURITY OF SODIUM CHLORIDE CRYSTALS BE DETERMINED
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The purity of sodium chloride (NaCl) crystals can be determined through various analytical methods.
Here are a few common techniques:

1. Titration: This method involves reacting the sodium chloride with a known concentration of a silver
nitrate (AgNO₃) solution. The reaction forms a white precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl). The amount
of silver nitrate required to react completely with the sodium chloride can be used to calculate the
purity of the sample.
2. Gravimetric Analysis: In this method, the sodium chloride is precipitated from a solution, usually as
silver chloride or lead chloride. The precipitate is then collected, dried, and weighed. By comparing
the mass of the precipitate with the expected mass for pure sodium chloride, the purity can be
calculated.
3. Conductivity Measurement: Since pure sodium chloride is an excellent conductor of electricity
when dissolved in water, measuring the electrical conductivity of a sodium chloride solution can
provide an indication of its purity. Impurities may reduce the conductivity.
4. Chloride Ion Selective Electrode: This method involves using an electrode specifically sensitive to
chloride ions. By measuring the electromotive force (EMF) generated when the electrode is immersed
in a sodium chloride solution, the chloride ion concentration can be determined, providing
information about the purity of the sample.
5. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR): Advanced techniques like NMR can also be employed to
assess the purity of sodium chloride crystals by providing information about the molecular structure
and identifying impurities.

The choice of method depends on factors such as the available equipment, the level of accuracy
required, and the nature of impurities that might be present in the sodium chloride sample
 OTHER QUESTIONS

TWO SOLUTIONS X AND Y OF EQUAL CONCENTRATION AND VOLUME HAVE THE PH VALUES OF1.5 AND
13.3 RESPECTIVELY . TWO DROPS OF PHEONOLPTHALEIN INDICATOR SOLUTION WAS ADDED TO
SOLUTION Y AND THEN FOLLOWED BY ADDITION OF SOLUTION X TO FORM SOLUTIO N M [ANSWER THE
QUESTIONS BELOW]

1. STATE THE OBSERVATION MADE IN COLOUR CHANGE WHEN PHEONOLPTHALEIN

INDICATOR SOLUTION WAS ADDED TO SOLUTION Y
2. SUGGEST THE PH VALUE
3. WHAT IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE REACTION BETWEEN SOLUTION X AND Y

You
OTHER QUESTIONS TWO SOLUTIONS X AND Y OF EQUAL CONCENTRATION
AND VOLUME HAVE THE PH VALUES OF1.5 AND 13.3 RESPECTIVELY . TWO
DROPS OF PHEONOLPTHALEIN INDICATOR SOLUTION WAS ADDED TO
SOLUTION Y AND THEN FOLLOWED BY ADDITION OF SOLUTION X TO FORM
SOLUTIO N M [ANSWER THE QUESTIONS BELOW] 1. STATE THE
OBSERVATION MADE IN COLOUR CHANGE WHEN PHEONOLPTHALEIN
INDICATOR SOLUTION WAS ADDED TO SOLUTION Y 2. SUGGEST THE PH
VALUE 3. WHAT IS THE NAME GIVEN TO THE REACTION BETWEEN SOLUTION
X AND Y
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1. Observation in Color Change when Phenolphthalein Indicator Solution
was added to Solution Y:
 Phenolphthalein is a pH indicator that changes color in a specific pH
range. In an acidic solution, it remains colorless, while in a basic solution,
it turns pink or magenta.
 Since the pH of Solution Y is 13.3 (highly basic), when phenolphthalein is
added, it should turn pink or magenta.
2. Suggested pH Value after adding Phenolphthalein to Solution Y:
 The observation of a color change to pink or magenta with
phenolphthalein suggests that the pH of the solution is in the basic
range. Phenolphthalein typically changes color around pH 8.2 to 10.0.
 Therefore, the suggested pH value for Solution Y after the addition of
phenolphthalein is in the basic range, likely around 13.3.
3. Name given to the Reaction between Solution X and Y:
 The reaction between an acidic solution (X) and a basic solution (Y) is
typically referred to as a neutralization reaction.
 In this case, the acidic solution (X) will react with the basic solution (Y) to
form a neutral solution or a solution with a pH closer to 7.
 The general chemical equation for a neutralization reaction between an
acid and a base is: acid+base→salt+wateracid+base→salt+water .
 The specific products would depend on the nature of solutions X and Y.

You
CLASSIFY THE FOLLOWING PROCESSES AS CHEMICAL OR PHYISICAL
CHAANGE 1. NEUTRALIZATION 2. SUBLIMATION 3. SIMPLE DISTILLATION
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1. Neutralization:
 Classification: Chemical Change
 Explanation: Neutralization involves a chemical reaction between an
acid and a base to form water and a salt. The reactants (acid and base)
undergo a chemical transformation to produce new substances (water
and salt). The change in pH and the formation of new compounds
indicate a chemical change.
2. Sublimation:
 Classification: Physical Change
 Explanation: Sublimation is the process in which a substance transitions
directly from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase.
While the physical state changes, the chemical composition of the
substance remains the same. Sublimation is a physical change because
no new substances are formed.
3. Simple Distillation:
 Classification: Physical Change
 Explanation: Simple distillation is a physical process that separates
components of a liquid mixture based on differences in their boiling
 points. The liquid is heated to vaporize the more volatile component,
and then the vapor is condensed back into a liquid. The process involves
only a change in physical state, and no new substances are created.

You
DEFINE THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND STATE EXAMPLES OF EACH IN OUR
DAILY LIFE 1. ATOM 2.ELEMENT 3. COMPOUND
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1. Atom:
 Definition: An atom is the basic unit of matter, consisting of a nucleus
composed of protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in orbitals.
Atoms are the building blocks of all chemical elements.
 Example: In daily life, everything around us is made up of atoms. For
instance, the oxygen we breathe is composed of oxygen atoms (O2),
water is made up of hydrogen and oxygen atoms (H2O), and the metals
in everyday objects consist of arrangements of atoms.
2. Element:
 Definition: An element is a pure substance consisting of only one type
of atom. Each element is defined by the number of protons in the
nucleus of its atoms, known as the atomic number.
 Example: Oxygen (O), carbon (C), and iron (Fe) are examples of
elements. Oxygen gas (O2) consists of molecules, each composed of two
oxygen atoms. Carbon exists in various forms, such as diamond (pure
carbon crystals), and iron is a metallic element commonly used in
construction and manufacturing.
3. Compound:
 Definition: A compound is a substance composed of two or more
different elements chemically bonded in fixed proportions. Compounds
have distinct properties different from the elements that form them.
 Example: Water (H2O) is a common example of a compound. It is
formed by the chemical bonding of two hydrogen atoms with one
oxygen atom. Another example is table salt (NaCl), which is a compound
formed by the combination of sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl). Both water
and salt exhibit properties different from their constituent elements.
 You
STATE ANY FIVE APPLICATIONS OF CHROMATOGRAPHY
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Chromatography is a versatile separation technique used in various fields for
analyzing and purifying substances. Here are five applications of
chromatography:

1. Chemical Analysis in Laboratories:

 Chromatography is widely used for separating and analyzing complex
mixtures of chemicals in laboratories. It helps identify and quantify the
components of a sample, making it valuable in fields such as chemistry,
biochemistry, and pharmaceuticals.
2. Pharmaceutical Industry:
 Chromatography plays a crucial role in pharmaceutical research and
production. It is used to analyze and purify drugs, check the purity of
pharmaceutical compounds, and ensure the absence of impurities in
drug formulations.
3. Environmental Testing:
 Chromatographic techniques are employed for monitoring and
analyzing environmental samples. This includes the detection of
pollutants in air, water, and soil. Chromatography helps identify and
quantify contaminants, ensuring compliance with environmental
regulations.
4. Food and Beverage Industry:
 Chromatography is used to analyze food and beverage samples for
quality control and safety. It helps identify and quantify components
such as flavors, preservatives, additives, and contaminants. This is crucial
for ensuring the safety and adherence to regulations in the food
industry.
5. Forensic Science:
 Chromatography is employed in forensic analysis to separate and
identify complex mixtures found at crime scenes. It helps analyze
 substances like drugs, toxic compounds, or residues to provide evidence
in criminal investigations.

These applications highlight the versatility of chromatography in various

scientific and industrial settings, making it an essential tool for separation and
analysis.

You
WHAT IS MEANT BY MELTING AND BOILING POINT OF A SUBSTANCE
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The melting point and boiling point are physical properties of a substance
related to changes in its state of matter.

1. Melting Point:
 The melting point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes
from a solid state to a liquid state. At the melting point, the substance
absorbs heat energy, and the intermolecular forces holding the particles
in a fixed, ordered structure (solid) are overcome. Once this threshold
temperature is reached, the substance undergoes the phase transition
from solid to liquid.
 For example, the melting point of ice (solid water) is 0 degrees Celsius
(32 degrees Fahrenheit) at standard atmospheric pressure. When ice is
heated to this temperature, it melts to form liquid water.
2. Boiling Point:
 The boiling point of a substance is the temperature at which it changes
from a liquid state to a gaseous state. At the boiling point, the
substance absorbs heat energy, and the intermolecular forces holding
the particles together in the liquid state are overcome. The liquid turns
into vapor during this phase transition.
 For instance, the boiling point of water at standard atmospheric
pressure is 100 degrees Celsius (212 degrees Fahrenheit). When water is
heated to this temperature, it undergoes the transition from a liquid to a
gas (water vapor).
 Both melting and boiling points are characteristic properties of a substance
and can be used to identify and classify materials. They are influenced by
factors such as atmospheric pressure, so when specifying these values, the
pressure conditions need to be indicated (e.g., standard atmospheric pressure
for boiling points).

You
STATE THE FUNCTION OF THE FOLLOWING LABORATORY APPARATUS 1.
CRUCIBLE 2. DESICCATOR
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1. Crucible:
 Function: A crucible is a small, high-melting-point container, usually
made of porcelain, ceramic, or metals such as platinum or nickel. Its
primary function is to withstand high temperatures and provide a
controlled environment for heating substances to extremely high
temperatures, often for processes such as heating, melting, or
calcination.
 Common Uses:
 Heating and Evaporation: Crucibles are used for heating
substances to high temperatures to initiate chemical reactions,
melt materials, or evaporate volatile components.
 Ashing: In analytical chemistry, crucibles are employed for ashing
processes, where organic material is burned away, leaving behind
inorganic residues.
2. Desiccator:
 Function: A desiccator is a sealed container designed to maintain a low-
humidity environment. Its primary function is to protect moisture-
sensitive substances from ambient moisture by providing a dry and
controlled atmosphere. Desiccators are often used to store hygroscopic
materials or to dry samples.
 Common Uses:
 Storage of Hygroscopic Materials: Hygroscopic substances,
which readily absorb moisture from the air, can be stored in a
desiccator to prevent them from gaining or losing moisture.
  Drying Samples: Samples that need to be dried or maintained in
a dry state can be placed in a desiccator to remove or prevent the
absorption of moisture.
 Preservation of Moisture-Sensitive Reagents: Desiccators are
used in laboratories to store reagents or chemicals that are
sensitive to moisture, ensuring their stability and effectiveness.
£

You
DURING A MATHMATICS LESSON OUR TEACHER SAID FIVE TIMES A NUMBER
EXCCEEDS 2THE SAME BY 30. WHAT IS THE NUMBER
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Let's denote the unknown number as �x. The statement "Five times a
number exceeds the same by 30" can be translated into the equation:

5�=�+305x=x+30

Now, let's solve for �x:

5�−�=305x−x=30

4�=304x=30

�=304x=430

�=7.5x=7.5

So, the number is 7.57.5. You can check this by substituting �=7.5x=7.5
into the original equation:

5×7.5=7.5+305×7.5=7.5+30

37.5=37.537.5=37.5
 Therefore, �=7.5x=7.5 satisfies the given condition.

You
PETER, MUSA AND JUMA START AT THE SAME TIME , SAME POINT IN THE
SAME DIRECTION TO RUN AROUND THE SCHOOL . IF PETER USES 252
SECONDS MUSA USES 308 SECONDS AND JUMA USES 198 SECONDS AFTER
HOW MANY MINUTES WILL THEY BE AT THE POINT
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To find out when they will be at the same point again, we need to find the
least common multiple (LCM) of the three time intervals.

The time intervals are:

 Peter: 252 seconds

 Musa: 308 seconds
 Juma: 198 seconds

First, find the prime factorization of each time interval:

 252=22×32×7252=22×32×7
 308=22×7×11308=22×7×11
 198=2×32×11198=2×32×11

Now, take the highest power of each prime factor:

LCM=22×32×7×11LCM=22×32×7×11

LCM=4×9×7×11LCM=4×9×7×11

LCM=2772LCM=2772

So, the three runners will be at the same point again after 2772 seconds.

Now, convert 2772 seconds to minutes: 2772 seconds×1 minute60

seconds≈46.2 minutes2772seconds×60seconds1minute≈46.2minutes
 Therefore, they will be at the same point again after approximately 46.2
minutes.

You
OUR SENIOR ONE WHITE HAS 30 CHILDREN AND DURING OUR END OF
TERM ASSESMENT 16 HAD BLACK PENS [B] 17 HAD RED PENS [R] WHILE 2
HAD NO PE N AT ALL HOW MANY CHILDREN HAD BOTH BLACK AND RED
PENS
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To find out how many children had both black and red pens, you can use the
principle of inclusion-exclusion. Let's denote the number of children with black
pens as �B, the number with red pens as �R, and the

number with no pen at all as �N.

The total number of children is 30, and you are given that: �=16B=16
�=17R=17 �=2N=2

Now, you can use the inclusion-exclusion principle formula:

Total=�+�−Both+�Total=B+R−Both+N

Where:

 TotalTotal is the total number of children,

 �B is the number with black pens,
 �R is the number with red pens,
 BothBoth is the number with both black and red pens,
 �N is the number with no pen at all.

Substitute the given values: 30=16+17−Both+230=16+17−Both+2

 Now, solve for BothBoth: Both=16+17+2−30Both=16+17+2−30
Both=35−30Both=35−30 Both=5Both=5

So, 5 children had both black and red pens.

You
A MAN LEFT TWO FIFTHS OF HIS ESTATE TO HIS WIFE AND THIS AMOUNTED
TO £36000 . ONE FIFTHS OF THE REMAINDER WAS LEFT TO THE SON AND
THE REST EQUALLY TO HIS 3 DAUGTHERS HOW MUCH DID EACH DAUGHTER
RECEIVE
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
Let's denote the man's estate as �E.

1. The man left two-fifths of his estate to his wife, which amounted to £36,000.
So, we can express this mathematically as: 25�=£36,00052E=£36,000
To find the value of �E, you can multiply both sides of the equation by 5225:
�=£36,000×52E=£36,000×25
�=£90,000E=£90,000
2. Now, we know the total estate value (�E). One-fifth of the remainder was left
to the son. The remainder is �−£36,000E−£36,000, and one-fifth of this is
15(�−£36,000)51(E−£36,000).o
3. The rest (four-fifths of the remainder) was equally divided among his three
daughters. Each daughter received 4554 of the remainder, which is 45(�−
£36,000)54(E−£36,000).

Now, you can calculate the values:

15(�−£36,000)=15×£54,000=£10,80051(E−£36,000)=51
×£54,000=£10,800

45(�−£36,000)=45×£54,000=£43,20054(E−£36,000)=54
×£54,000=£43,200
So, each daughter received £43,200, and the son received £10,800.

You
AJAMPOL PLAYS A TARGET COMPUTER GAME WHERE HE GETS 3 POINTS
EVERY TIME HE SHOOTS ON TARGET AND LOOSES 2 POINTS EVERY TIME HE
SHOTS OFF TARGET .IF SHE WINS 7 GAMES AND LOSES 3 GAMES HOW
MANY POINTS DOES SHE GET
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
Let's calculate the total points Ajampol gets by considering the rules for
winning and losing in the target computer game.

For each game he wins, Ajampol gets 3 points, and for each game he loses, he
loses 2 points.

Number of points for winning a game: 7 games won×3 points/game=21

points7games won×3points/game=21points

Number of points for losing a game: 3 games

lost×(−2) points/game=−6
points3games lost×(−2)points/game=−6points

Now, calculate the total points:

Total points=Points for winning+Points for losingTotal points=Points
for winning+Points for losing Total points=21−6=15
pointsTotal points=21−6=15points

Therefore, Ajampol gets 15 points in total after playing 7 games and losing 3
games in the target computer game.

You
THE TEACHER ORGGANIZED END OF TERM PARTY FOR OUR STREAM AND
EACH STUDENT IN A CLASS OF 60 WAS ASKED TO CONTRIBUTE 12000/=
SHILLINGS TOWARDS THE PARTY . HOWEVER A QUARTER OF THE CLASS
MADE HALF PAYMENT TOWARDS THE PARTY ,AHALF OF THE CLASS MADE
FULL PAYMENT TOWARDS THE PARTY WHILE THE REST DIDNT CONTRIBUTE
 TOWARDS THE PARTY WHAT WAS THE TOTAL CONTRIBUTION COLLECTED
AND HOW MANY STUDENTS ATTENDED THE PARTY IF TO ATTEND YOU
WERE SUPPOSED TO PAY SOME MONEY
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
Let's break down the information given:

1. The class has 60 students.

2. Each student was asked to contribute 12,000 shillings towards the party.

Now, let's analyze the contributions:

 A quarter of the class made half payment towards the party. This means
14×60=1541×60=15 students contributed half of 12,000 shillings, which is
6,000 shillings each.
Total contribution from this group: 15×6,000=90,00015×6,000=90,000
shillings.
 Half of the class made full payment towards the party. This means
12×60=3021×60=30 students contributed the full 12,000 shillings each.
Total contribution from this group:
30×12,000=360,00030×12,000=360,000 shillings.
 The rest of the students didn't contribute towards the party. This means
60−15−30=1560−15−30=15 students didn't contribute anything.
Total contribution from this group: 00 shillings.

Now, let's find the total contribution collected:

90,000+360,000+0=450,00090,000+360,000+0=450,000 shillings.

So, the total contribution collected for the party was 450,000 shillings.

If to attend the party you were supposed to pay some money, and assuming
that all students who made full payment attended the party, then 3030
students attended the party.

You
 MR KATO AN ARCHITECTURE DREW A PLAN OF AHOUSE WHOSSE
DIMENSIONS WERE 20CM BY 30CM IF RATIO OF THE ACTUAL HOUSE TO THE
PLAN OF THE HOUSE IS 60:I WHAT ARE ACTUAL DIMENSIONS OF THE HOUSE
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
To find the actual dimensions of the house, given the ratio of the actual house
to the plan is 60:1, you can use the following steps:

1. Identify the dimensions of the plan.

 Plan dimensions: 20 cm by 30 cm
2. Determine the scale factor from the ratio.
 Scale factor = (Actual dimension) / (Plan dimension)
 In this case, the ratio is 60:1, so the scale factor is 60.
3. Use the scale factor to find the actual dimensions.
 Actual dimension = (Scale factor) * (Plan dimension)
 For the length: Actual length = 60 * 30 cm
 For the width: Actual width = 60 * 20 cm

Now, calculate the actual dimensions:

 Actual length = 60 * 30 cm = 1800 cm

 Actual width = 60 * 20 cm = 1200 cm

So, the actual dimensions of the house are 1800 cm by 1200 cm.

You
A TOY CAR IS 60CM LONG AND 2.4CM WIDE AND THE SCALE OF THE TOY
CAR IS 1:80 .1. WHAT IS THE ACTUAL LENGTH AND WIDTH OF THE CAR . 2. IF
THE CAR IS 1.8 HIGH , WHAT IS THE HEIGHT OF THE TOY CAR
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
To find the actual dimensions of the car, you can use the scale factor provided
in the ratio. The scale factor is given by the ratio of the actual dimension to
the model dimension.
1. Actual Length and Width:
 Scale factor = 1:80
 Actual length = Scale factor * Model length
 Actual width = Scale factor * Model width
Substituting the values:
 Actual length = 80 * 60 cm
 Actual width = 80 * 2.4 cm
Calculating:
 Actual length = 4800 cm
 Actual width = 192 cm
Therefore, the actual dimensions of the car are 4800 cm by 192 cm.
2. Height of the Toy Car:
 The scale factor for the height will be the same as for the length and
width, which is 1:80.
 Actual height = Scale factor * Model height
 Actual height = 80 * 1.8 cm
Calculating:
 Actual height = 144 cm
Therefore, the actual height of the toy car is 144 cm.

You
MAKERERE COLLEGE SCHOOL IS 040 DEGREES AND 30KM FROM KINGS
COLLEGE BUDDO . ST LAWRENCE SCHOOL IS 140 DEGREES FROM KINGS
COLLEGE BUDDO . NALYA S.S IS 20 KM BY SCALE DRAAWING DETERMINE
THE THE DISTA NCE BETWEEN 1. KINGS COLLEGE AND NALYA S.S 2.
MAKERERE COLLEGE AND ST LAWRENCEE 3THE BEARING OF ST LAWRENCE
FROM MAKERERE COLLEGE 4THE BEARING OF ST LAW RENC E FROM KINGS
COLLEGE
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
To solve these problems, let's start with the information given:

1. Makerere College School is at 040 degrees and 30 km from Kings College

Buddo.
2. St. Lawrence School is at 140 degrees from Kings College Buddo.
3. Nalya S.S is 20 km away by scale drawing.

Let's address each question step by step:

1. Distance between Kings College and Nalya S.S:

Given Nalya S.S is 20 km away, this distance doesn't involve angles or
bearings; it's straightforward. The distance between Kings College and Nalya
S.S is 20 km.

2. Distance between Makerere College and St. Lawrence:

To find the distance between Makerere College and St. Lawrence, we can use
the cosine rule for the third side of a triangle:
�2=�2+�2−2��×cos⁡(�)c2=a2+b2−2ab×cos(C)

Given:

 �=30a=30 km (distance between Makerere College and Kings College)

 �=20b=20 km (distance between Kings College and Nalya S.S)
 �=100∘C=100∘ (angle at Makerere College, as the sum of the other two
angles from 180 degrees)

Calculating:
�2=302+202−2×30×20×cos⁡(100∘)c2=302+202−2×30×20×cos(100∘)
�2=900+400−1200×cos⁡(100∘)c2=900+400−1200×cos(100∘)
�2=1300−1200×cos⁡(100∘)c2=1300−1200×cos(100∘)

Using a calculator, solve for �c to find the distance between Makerere

College and St. Lawrence.

3. Bearing of St. Lawrence from Makerere College:

Given:

 Makerere College is at 040 degrees.

 St. Lawrence is at 140 degrees from Kings College.
 Kings College to Makerere is 040 degrees.

The bearing of St. Lawrence from Makerere College = (Bearing of St. Lawrence
from Kings College) - (Bearing of Makerere College from Kings College).

������� �� ��. ��������=140∘−40∘=100∘Bea

ring of St. Lawrence=140∘−40∘=100∘

4. Bearing of St. Lawrence from Kings College:

Given:

 Kings College to St. Lawrence is at 140 degrees.

 Kings College to Makerere is at 040 degrees.

The bearing of St. Lawrence from Kings College = 140 degrees.

These calculations should help determine the distances and bearings between
the specified locations.
3/3

You
ACCORDING TO NATURE 8 SPACE RESEARCH, PLANET EARTH MOVES
AROUND THE SSUN 2. DESCRIBE THE EFFECTS OF THE EARTHS ROTATION
AROUND THE SUN
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ChatGPT
The Earth's rotation around the Sun is a fundamental aspect of its movement
in space. Here are some of the effects of the Earth's rotation around the Sun:

1. Day and Night Cycle:

 The Earth's rotation causes the cycle of day and night. As the Earth
rotates, different parts of its surface are exposed to sunlight, creating
daylight, while the opposite side experiences darkness.
2. Seasonal Changes:
  The tilt of the Earth's axis relative to its orbit around the Sun causes
seasons. As the Earth moves in its orbit, different parts receive varying
amounts of sunlight, leading to changes in temperature and weather
patterns.
3. Gravitational Forces:
 The Sun's gravitational pull is a significant force affecting Earth. The
gravitational force between the Earth and the Sun keeps the Earth in
orbit around the Sun.
4. Orbital Path:
 The Earth follows an elliptical orbit around the Sun. The combination of
the Earth's axial tilt and its elliptical orbit contributes to the variations in
the length of days and nights and the changing seasons.
5. Tidal Forces:
 The Sun's gravitational pull on Earth also affects tides. Although the
Moon plays a more significant role in tidal forces, the Sun's gravity
contributes to variations in tidal patterns.
6. Solar Energy Distribution:
 The Earth's rotation influences the distribution of solar energy. Different
latitudes receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year,
leading to diverse climates and ecosystems.
7. Time Zones:
 Earth's rotation determines the concept of time zones. As the Earth
rotates 360 degrees in 24 hours, it is divided into 24 time zones, each
representing one hour of the day.
8. Precession and Axial Tilt:
 Over long periods, the Earth's rotational axis undergoes precession, a
slow wobbling motion. This precession, along with the axial tilt,
contributes to long-term changes in the Earth's climate.

Understanding the effects of Earth's rotation around the Sun is crucial for
explaining various natural phenomena and the conditions that sustain life on
our planet.

You
 MR OPIO SPENT A HALF OF THE MONEY FROM HIS TEACHING ALLOWANCEON DRINLING,
AQUATER OF THE REMAINDER ON HIS WIFE S CLOTHES AND TWO THIRDS OF THE REMAINDER ON
FEEDING HE THEN REMAINED WITH ONLY SHS 75000 HOW MUCH WAS OPIOS ALLOWANCE
ChatGPT
ChatGPT
Let's denote Opio's teaching allowance as �X.

According to the information given:

1. Opio spent half of the money on drinking, which means he spent 12�21X on drinking.
2. The remainder after spending on drinking is 12�21X.
3. Opio spent a quarter (one-fourth) of the remainder on his wife's clothes, which is 14×12�=18�41
×21X=81X.
4. The remainder after spending on clothes is 12�−18�=38�21X−81X=83X.
5. Opio then spent two-thirds of the remainder on feeding, which is 23×38�=14�32×83X=41X.

The total amount spent is the sum of the amounts spent on drinking, clothes, and feeding:

12�+18�+14�=48�+18�+28�=78�.21X+81X+41X=84X+81X+82X=87X.

He remained with 75,00075,000 shillings, which is equal to 18�81X:

18�=75,000.81X=75,000.

Now, to find �X, we can multiply both sides of the equation by 8:

�=8×75,000=600,000.X=8×75,000=600,000.

Therefore, Opio's teaching allowance was 600,000600,000 shillings