Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

g]kfnsf] Oltxf;
zf;g zf;g /fhfsf] ;+Vof klxnf] /fhf clGtd ljz]iftf
j+z cjlw s]Gb /fhf

|
uf]kfn j+z %@! Dfftflty{ *- e"ld,ho, e'Qmdfg oIf u'Kt  ufOkfng k]zf ePsf,
aif{ wd{,xif{ eLd,  kz'kltsf] Hof]ltlnË e]l6Psf],
d0fL, lji0f',  gfdsf] k5f8L k'Kt hf]l8Psfn] u'Ktj+zL klg elgg],
hLtu'Kt  k"j{df b'wsf]zL, klZrddf lqz'nL, pQ/df
uf];fOs'08, blIf0fdf lrTnfª
cfeL/a+z !!! Dfftflty{ #- a/l;+x e"jgl;+x  /fhk'tsf Ujfnfx? lyP,
aif{ j/l;+x,hol;+x,  e};L kfng k]zf,
e"jgl;+x_  ef/tsf] l;d|f}gu9af6 cfPsf

ls/ft !%)) z+vd'n / @( onDa/.on'Ë ul:tL  5}7f}+ /fhf x'dtLsf] kfnfdf dxfef/tsf] o'4 rn]sf],
j+zL uf]s0f{  ;ftf}+ /fhf lht]bf:tLsf] kfnfdf uf}td a'b g]kfn
cfPsf,
 Rff}wf}+ /fhf :y"+sf]sf] kfnfdf ;d|f6 czf]s g]kfn
cfPsf,
 @* cf} /fhf a6'sf kfnfdf /fhwfgL z+vd'n
;f/LPsf]
;f]d a+zL uf]bfjf/L #@ lgldif Effis/  kz'k|]Ifb]jn] kz'kltgfy dlGb/ lh0ff]{bf/ ug'{sf ;fu}
/fhf adf{ 5fgfnfO{ :j0f{do jgO{ ;'gsf] uh'/ nufPsf,
 k|yd /fhf lgldifn] ufbfj/Ldf !@ aif{ d]nf z'?
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

u/]sf .
lnlR5jL *)) #( hob]j k|yd hosfdb]j  ef/tsf] a}zfnL af6 cfPsf] dflgg],
sfn aif{ –hoad{g_  lnlR5aL /fhfx? ;"o{j+zL /fhf bz/ysf j+zh
ePsf] dflgG5 ,
 k|dfl0fs /fhf dfgb]j c+z'jdf{, g/]Gb|b]jnfO{, hob]j
l4tLo k|tflk /fhf dflgG5 .

Dffgb]j M lj=;+= %@! b]lv %^@ ;Dd M /fhf wd{b]jsf 5f]/f g]kfnsf k|dfl0fs /fhf x'g . logsf] zf;g If]q k"j{df sf]zL gbL /
klZrddf u08sL kfl/;Dd k'KofPsf lyP . g]kfnsf] klxnf] lznfn]v, dfgfª\s d'b|f k|sfzg u/] . rfu'Fgf/fo0f dlGb/sf] :yfkfgf, gfu
/ jfz'sLsf] k'hf ug]{ rng rnfPsf .
c+z'jdf{ lj=;+= ^^@ b]lv ^&* !^ aif{ ;Dd zf;g u/]sf M dxf/fhlw/fh kbfjL wf/0f ug]{ k|yd /fhf . s}nfzs'6 ejg jgfO{ ToxLaf6
zf;g u/]sf . o'j/fh 3f]if0ff ug]{ rng rnfPsf, u|Gy zAb ljBf /rgf u/]sf, dxf;fdGt, kz'kltkfbfg'u[lxt, snxflegL h:tf
kbfjL wf/0f u/]sf
g/]Gb|b]j M lj=;++ &)@ b]lv &^# ;Dd zf;gsfn /xof] . eb|flwjf; b/af/ agfO{ ToxLaft zf;g rnfPsf lyP . dxf/fhlw/fh k/d
e§f/s kbfjL wf/0f u/]sf lyP . em\ofndf snfTds a'§f /fVg] sfo{ rnfPsf . /ftf] dR5]Gb|gfysf] hfqf rng rnfPsf .
lnR5ljsfndf s;nfO{ s] elgGYof]
cdfTo dGqL:/Lo clwsf/L dxf;j{b08gfos k|wfgGofoflwz
b08gfos GofofwLz dxfanfWoIf ;]gftkm{sf] pRr kbflwsf/L
e6gfos ;]gfWoIf dxfdfTo k|wfgdGqL:t/Losf] kbflwsf/L
;fy{jfx Jofkfl/s g]tf k|ltxf/ 4f/] jf 4f/kfn
cu|xf/ z}lIfs ;+:yfn] s/ ltg'{ gkg]{ ltnds s'nf]
e"dL
Effu s[lifdf nufOg] s/ Eff]u kz'df nufOg] s/
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

l;+s/ bfp/f cflbdf nufOg] s/ t}ns/ t]n pTkfbgdf nufOg] s/

Dfflgsf Wffg, rfdn, Wo", t]n cflb gfKg
k|of]u ul/g] efF8f]

lnR5ljsfnLg clws/0f / kb / kbfjLx?

s'y]/ M /fh:jsf] c;"nL ug]{, dfnkf]t / e"ld;DaGwL cGo sfo{ ug]{
dfKrf]s M ljjfx, a|taGw, k'glj{jfx, ;DaGw ljR5]b ug]{ sfo{x?
lnUjn M oftfoft, s'nf], vfg]kfgL;DaGwL sfo{ ug]{ c8\8f
z'NnL jf zf]Nnf] M k~rk/fw - rf]/L ug]{, xTof ug]{, k/:qLudg ug]{, /fhb|f]x / oL ck/fwdf ;3fpg] _ ;DaGwL d'4f x]g]{ / b08 ;hfo
ug]{ c8\8f
cGt/f;g ÷ k/df;g M Goflos lg0f{o lbgsf nflu a:t] /fh ;lxtsf] ;ef
kf~rfnL M ufpFsf] d'4f dfldnf / ljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfd ug]{ c8\8f
klZrdfwLs/0f M b/af/leq a:g] of] lgsfon] b]j dlGb/x?sf] Jo:yfkg, wfld{s ljjfbx?sf] lg?k0f ug]{ l5gf]kmfgf] ug]{
ljifo / ljifoklt M lnR5ljsfndf lhNnf jf k|fGtnfO{ ljifo elgGYof]
u'Nd÷ uf}lNds M gfsfx?sf] /flvPsf] rf}sLnfO{ u'Nd elgGYof] .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

dWosfnLg g]kfn M
lj=;+= (#^ b]lv g]kfnsf] PsLs/0f ePsf] cjlw !*@% ;Ddsf] ()) aif{;Ddsf] cjlwnfO{ dNnsfn elgG5 . g]kfnsf]
;Gbe{df dNnsfnsf] ?kdf cWoog ug]{ of] cjlwdf uf]/vf /fHodf zfxj+zL, kfNkfdf ;]gj+zL, s0f{nL If]q v;
dNnj+zL /fhfx? Zff;g lyof] . dNnsflng ;dodf snf ;F:s[ltsf] ljsf;sf b[li6sf]0fn] :j0f{o'u dflgG5 .
dNNsfngdf s;nfO{ s] elgGYof] <
rf}tf/f – k|wfgdGqL ;/xsf] kb
ljifo M lhNnf
k~r ysfnL M k~rx?sf] d'Vo JolQm
/fhf]kfWofo M /fhu'?
sf]§gfos M lsNnf /Ifs
5l/bf/ M bf}8fxf 6f]nLsf] cWoIf
pd/f÷pd/fj M sf]§kfn, eGbf tn cfkm\gf] If]qsf] Onfsfdf zflGt ;'/Iffsf] sfddf vl6Psf] k|x/L k|d'vsf] ?kdf
/x]sf] ;/sf/L sd{rf/L

dNnsflng dxTjk"0f{ /fhfx?

hol:ylt dNn M lj=;+= !$#* b]lv !$%@ !% jif{ /fhf
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 sf7df8f}+sf k|l;4 /fhf M pgLnfO{ /fhs'df/L;Fu ljjfx ug{sf nflu lj=;+= !$!$ df b/jf/df NofOPsf] lyof] .
/fhf ?b| dNnsf 5f]/f gePsf] x'gfn] ?b| dNnsf] d[To'kl5 pgsL 5f]/L gfojb]jL n] /fhsfhsf] sfd ug{ yflng
. gfosb]jLsf] 5f]/L /fhNnb]jLnfO{ hGdfPkl5 !$)# df /fhNnb]jLsf] hGd ePsf] !) lbgdf :ju{ eOg . pg}
6'x'/L aflnsf /fhNnb]jL;Fu hol:ylt dNnsf] ljjfx eof] / oxL ljjfxsf] gftfn] hol:ylt dNnn] sf7df8f}sf
/fhsfh ;dfNg yfn] .
 hol:ylt dNnn] cfkm\gf] /fHosf] ;fdflhs, cfly{s, /fhgLlts, wfld{s / k//fi6« ;DaGwdf ;d]t ;'wf/ u/]sf
x'gfn] logsf] zf;gsfnnfO{ /fd /fHo elgGYof] .
 hol:ylt dNnn] dxfh ;dfh ;'wf/s /fhf klg elgG5 .
 pTkfbg Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df hUufnfO{ cAan, bf]od, ;Ld, rfxf/ u/L $ efudf ljefhg u/]/ To;sf] d"No
lgwf{/0f u/]sf .
 zf/Ll/s b08sf] ;§f cfly{s b08sf] ;hfo lbg] Joj:yf ;'wf/ u/]sf lyP .
 ;dfhnfO{ $ hft #^ j0f{df ljefhg u/L >dsf] ljefhg u/]sf lyP .
 ljjfxkl5 dlxnfsf] y/ k'?ifsf] y/df ablng] k|rngg logn] g} rnfPsf x'g\ .
 afUdtLsf] lsgf/ cfo{3f6df njs'z;lxtsf] /fddlGb/ :yfkgf, efbufpFn]sf] g[l;+x tyf kf6gsf] s'De]Zj/ dlGb/
lgdf{0f, uf]/vgfy / uf]s0f]{Zj/sf] k'hfsf] k|rng, s'Ee]Zj/ dlGb/ cuf8Lsf] kf]v/L ;kmf ubf{ e]l6Psf d"lt{x?
ljleGg 7fpFdf :yfkgf
 lj=;+= !$%@ ebf}df hol:ylt dNnsf] d[To'kl5 tLg}j6f 5f]/fx? wd{dNn, Hof]ltd{Nn / sLlt{ dNn n] ;+o'Qm
zf;g rnfP
oIf dNn lj=;+= !$*%–!%#*
 oIf dNn hol:ylt dNnsf gflt x'g\
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 oIf dNnn] g]kfn d08n]Zj/ pkflw wf/0f u/]sf lyP .

 logL @) jif{sf] pd]/df /fhfeO{ %@ aif{;Dd zf;g rnfPsf
 bQfq]o dlGb/, Clifs]z lji0f'sf] ;'j{0f{d"lt{, clu|zfnf, oSz]>j dlGb/, kf6gsf] dLggfy dlGb/, kBfkf0L nf]s]Zj/
dlGb/ / ljxf/x?sf] lgdf{0f u/]sf lyP .
 oIf dNnn] kz'kltgfydf k|yd k6s bLif0f ef/taf6 e§ a|fX0f NofO{ k"hf u/fPsf lyP
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

ljeflht pkTofsfsf /fHo / zf;sx?

sflGtk'/ M

qm=;+= /fhfsf] gfd k|d'v sfo{ rnfPsf k|rng ÷ljljw hfgsf/L

! /TgdNn lj=;=  oIf dNnfsf dflxnf 5f]/f
!%#*–!%&&  ltJjatdf Jofkf/ ug]{, d';ndfgx?nfO{ sflGtk'/df
klg sf]7L yfkL Jofkf/ ug{ af]nfPsf
 ;'sLsf] ;§f tfdfsf] d'b|f k|rngdf NofPsf .
@= dx]Gb| dNn lj=;+=  k|hfn] gvfP;Dd cfkm'n] gvfg]
!^!&–!^#!  rfFbLsf] d'b|f k|rngdf Nofpg] /fhf
 tn]h' dlGb/ lgdf{0f , :j]t ljgfos hfqfsf] rng
logn] rnfPsf lyP
 g]kfnL efiffsf cflbsljsf ?kdf lnOG5 .
#= ;bflzj dNn  k|hfkfns /fhf dx]Gb| dNnsf h]7f 5f]/f ;bflzj
lj=;+= !^#!–!^#% dNn pQ/flwsf/L lyP . pgL Jolerf/L / sfd's
x'gfn] hgtfdf cToGt} clk|o ePsfn] dgx/fdf
3'ld/x]sf a]nf hgtfn] wkfPkl5 eQmk'/df y'gfdf
k/] .
$= lzal;+x dNn  ;bflzj dNn efu]kl5 pgs} efO{n] u2Laf6
lj=;== !^#%– x6fPsf] / cfkm}+ /fhf ePsf] 3f]if0f u/]sf
!^&&  :joDe"sf] lh0f{]4f/, b]u'tn] dlGb/sf] lgdf{0f,
g'jfsf]6 e}/jsf] 306f / k|ltdf, kz'klt /
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

rfFu'gf/fo0fsf] hL0f]{4f/, kf6gdf dxfaf}4 dlGb/,

j'9flgns07 / sflGtk'/ aLrsf] jgnfO{ /fHojgsf]
?kdf :yfkgf / lgdf{0f u/]sf
 l;dl;d] /fhfsf] pkgfdn] lrlgg] .
%= nIdLg/l;+x dNn  sfi7d08ksf] lgdf{0f u/]sf
lj=;+= !^&&–  sf7df8f}+sf k|l;4 Jofkf/L eLddNnnfO{ dfl/Psf M
!^(* cfkm\gf kltsf] d[To'b08 kfPkl5 /fhf
nIdLg/l;+xsf] jlxgL tyf leddNnsL >Ldltn]
b/jf/sf] enf] rfxg]sf] o:t} ult xf]; b/jf/df
s;}sf] klg ljj]s g/xf]; eg]/ >fk lbPsf] sf/0f
clxn];Dd klg g]kfnnfO{ ;ltn] ;/fk]sf] b]z
elgG5 .
 af}nfxf /fhf elgG5 .
^= k|tfk dNn lj=;+=  cfkm\gf afa' nIdLg/l;+x dNn nfO{ aGbL jgfO{
!^(*–!&#! cfkm' /fhf eP .
 k|tfk dNnn] g/b]j dofl;+x eGg] JolQmsf] r'SnL
;'g]/ sfhL eLd dNnnfO{ sf6\g nufP .
 a'9flgns07sf] kfgL s'nf] vg]/ xg'dfg9f]sf;Dd
NofPsf sf/0f j'9flgns07 eujfgn] >fk lbPsf
/fhf
 k|tfk dNnn] 5f]/f rqmkfn]Gb| dNnsf] d[To'n]
zf]skLl86 /fgLnfO{ ;fGGjgf lbg lj=;++ !&@& df
/fgLkf]v/L lgdf{0f u/]sf
 b'/ljgsf] k|of]u ug]{ klxnf] /fhf\
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 !% efiffsf] 1fg ePsfn] sljGb| n]Vg] ub{y{

 s'rljxf/af6 8f]nf lemsfO{ ljjfx ug]{ /fhf
 ;]tf] dl5Gb|gfysf] /yofqf k|rngdf NofPsf
 lj=;+= !&#! a}zfv ! ut] /flt xl/l;l4sf] gfr
x]l//x]sf] cj:yfdf d[To' ePsf] .

&= hok|sfz dNn  sf7df8f}+sf clGtdf /fhf

!&(@–!*@%  3f]8]hfqfsf] z'?jft u/]sf
 Hfjf d'b|f k|rngdf NofPsf
 Affnfh'sf @@ wf/fdWo] @! Wff/f lgdf{0f u/]sf
 tn]h' ejfgLsf] hLljt :j?kd s'df/Lsf] rog /
s'df/Lsf] /y ofqfsf] k/Dk/f rnfPsf
 g'jfsf]6 e}/jLsf nflu u'7Lsf] Joj:yf, u'x]Zj/L
3f6 tyf kz'klt ;Qnx?sf] lgdf{0f
 lj ;+= !*@% c;f]h !# ut] k[YjL gf/fo0f zfxn]
sflGtk'/dfly ljho k|fKt u/L ToxFfsf] l;+xf;gdf
lj/fhdfg ePsf lyP .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

Kff6g /fHo M

qm=;+= /fhfsf] gfd k|d'v sfo{ rnfPsf k|rng ÷ljljw hfgsf/L

! /0f dNn  oIf dNnfsf sfG5f 5f]/f kf6gsf k|yd /fhf

@= l;l4g/l;+x dNn  uf]/vfsf /fhf /fd zfx;Fu ldqtf sfod u/]sf

 rGb|fo0fsf] j|t u/L udL{df k~rfu|L tfKg] /
hf8f]df v'Nnf rf]ssf] lr;f] 9'Ëf]df j;L tk:of
ug]{ /fhf
 lj=;+= !^(# df lzv/ z}nLsf] @! uh'/ ePsf]
kf6gsf] s[i0f dlGb/ lgdf{0f u/]sf
 sflt{s gfrsf] k|/De u/]sf
 5fnfsf] d'b|f k|rngdf Nofpg] /fhf
 !&!& df cfkmgf] 5f]/f >Lljf; dNnnfO{ /fhf
agfO{ cfkm' /fhlif{ hLjg ljtfPsf sf/0f lolgnfO{
/fhlif{ dxf/fh klg elgG5 .
 lj=;+= !&#@ df ef/tdf lty{ ug{ uPsf] a]nf d[To'
ePsf]
#= >Llgjf; dNn  dsjfgk'/sf /fhf d's'Gb ;]gnfO{ xfQL pkxf/
lbPsf
 sLltk'/df uO{ cfkm'nfO{ /fhf 3f]if0f ug]{ kf6gsf
/fhf
 g]kfn]Zj/ pkgfdn] lrlgg] .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

$= of]ug/]Gb dNn  sflt{s gfFr ! dlxgf jgfpg] /fhf

% t]hg/l;+x dNn
 eLd;]g hfqfsf] cf/De, ;j0f{ l;+xf;g, kmlkËdf
rfd'08f dlGb/, dT:o]Gb|gfynfO{ ;'gsf] l;qnL /
t'nhf ejfgLnfO{ ;'gsf] uh'/ r9fPsf
 kf6gsf] b/jf/ cuf8L cfkmgf] zflns :yfkgf u/L
hj;Dd of] ;flnssf] /Ë v'Olnb}Fg / lz/sf] r/f
p8]/ hfFb}g ta;Dd d hLljt 5' eGg] ;Demg'
eg]sf lyP .
 efbufpFsf] hf;';n] logsf] tdfv'df ljif
xflnlbPsf lyP pQm ;]jg ubf{ d[To' x'g] /fhf
 !&^@ df logsf] d[To' ePsf] lyof] . logsf] d[To['
x'Fbf #! hgf /fgLx? ;tfL uPsf lyP -;a}eGbf
j9L ;tL uPsf_
 Kff6gsf clGtd /fhf
 k[YjL gf/fo0fzfxn] lj=;+= !*@% c;f]h @% ut]
kf6g ljho u/]sf |
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

efbufpF /fHo M

qm=;+= /fhfsf] gfd k|d'v sfo{ rnfPsf k|rng ÷ljljw hfgsf/L

Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

! /fo dNn  oIf dNnfsf h]7f 5f]/f efbufpFsf k|yd /fhf

@= huHof]lt dNn  tn]h' ejfgL;Fu kf;f v]Ng] /fhf

 e}/jsf] /y ofqf lgsfNg] rng rnfPsf
 x/uf}/L ljjfx, s'~hljxf/ gf6s, ;+uLtrGb|,
uLtfk~rflzsf, d'l4ts'jno> gf6s, >f]s;f/
;+u|x, g/klthorof{:j/]bolblksf cflb u|Gy /rgf
u/]sf
#= hutk|sfz dNn  g]kfn r"8fdl0f pkgfdn] lrlgg] .
$= lhtfldq dNn  9'Ë] wf/f / /fhs'nfsf] lgdf{0f u/]sf
 jT;nfb]jL dlGb/ lgdf{0f
 cfkm\gf] gfdsf] cuf8L ;'dlt n]Vg] /fhf
% e"kltGb| dNn  Goftkf]n dlGb/ lgdf{0f lj=;++ !&%(
 %% em\ofn] b/jf/ / :j0f{4f/ klg log}n] jgfPsf
x'g
 slj r'8fdl0f ;d|f6 ;'dlt n]Vg] /fhf
^= /0fhLt dNn  efbufpFsf] clGtd /fhf
 OGb| ljho, pifx/0f, s[i0f rl/q, /fdfo0f, s[i0ff
s}nfz ofqf, if6\bz{g cflb s[ltsf] /rgf .

dNnsfnLg ;fdflhs ;+/rgf M

 dNnsflng ;dodf j0f{>ddf cfwfl/t k]zf tyf Joj;fo pkgfpg] u/L ;fdflhs ;+/rgf sfod lyof] .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 lxGb' ;dfhdf ljjfx, o1–o1flb sfo{df b[9 lgodx? eP klg af}4 wd{df hftLo cGt/sf] efjgf lyPg
 hfltut cfwf/df wd{, ;F:s[lt, /xg;xg / k]zf ljeflht .
 ;+o'Qm kl//jfl/s k|yf
dNnsfnLg ;F:sf/x?
 3/]n' ;F:sf/ / ;fj{ef}d ;F:sf/ u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf] k|rng
 ue{wfg ePsf] ^ b]lv * dlxgfaLrsf] cjlwdf kltn] kltn] kTgLsf] skfn sf]l/lbg], cfkmgf]\ s'nk'hfsf] k'hf ug]{
;+:sf/nfO{ k';jfg elgGYof].
 Jfnssf] hGdkl5 hftsd{ ;F:sf/, gfds/0f ;F:sf/, cGgk|fzgg ;F:sf/, r'8fsd{ ;F:sf/, sf]6k'hf cflb
 ljjfx ;F:sf/, rf}/f;L k'hf, g]jf/L ;d'bfosf] hÍf] -&& jif{ & dlxgf, & lbg, & knfd_
 d[To';F:sf/ cGut{t zjofqf, bfujQL, lqmof, >f4 cflb kb{5g\ .
dNnsfnLg Gofo k|0ffnL
 wd{zf:q, Gofozf:q sfg"g lgdf{0f ug{] / Gofo ;Dkfbg ug]{ ub{y],
 pRr hfltnfO{ sd ;hfo / tNnf] hfltnfO{ s7f]/ ;hfo lbg] u/]sfn] Tolta]nf Gofos c;dfgtf sfod lyof] .
 k~rck/fw – rf]/L, xTof, k/:qLx/0f, /fhb|f]x / To;sf] ldnf]dtf] ug]{ ;fy} uf]xTof, afnxTof, :qLxTof, lkt[xTof,
u'?xTof uEeL/ ck/fw dfg]g]
 zf/Ll/s b08sf] ;§f cfly{s b08 lbg z'? ul/Psf],
 ;fgfltgf em}emu8f :yfgLo j9'fkfsfx?sf] :yfgLos lgsfo af6 x]l/g] .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

g]kfn Ol~hlgol/Ë ;]jf ;d"x cGtu{tsf] k|yd kqsf nflu

1.4 Notable event and Personalities, Social, Cultural and economic conditions in modern History of Nepal
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

Zffx a+zfjnL Oltxf;

ldGrf vfg -g'jfsf]6sf /fhf_

elQm vfg g'jfsf]6sf /fhf ljlrq vfg -sf:sLsf /fhf_

g/fh vfg

s'nd08g vfg

ozf]a|Dx zfx nDh'ªsf /fhf

b|Jo zfx uf]/vf /fHosf ;+:yfkgs

g/xl/ zfx
k'/]Gb| zfx

/fd zfx
5qklt

/fd zfx

s[i0f zfx

?b| zfx

k[YjLklt zfx

g/e'kfn zfx
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

g]kfnsf] cfw'lgs Oltxf;

uf]/vf /fHosf] :yfkgf slxn] ePsf] xf] lj=;+= !^!^ efb| @%
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxk"j{sf /fhfx?
b|Jo zfx !^!^ –!^@&
k'/Gb/ zfx !^@& –!^^@
k'/Gb/ zfx !^^@–!^^#
/fd zfx !^^# –!^()
8Da/ zfx !^() –!&)@
?b| zfx !&)@ –!&#)
k[YjLklt zfx !&#) – !&&#
g/e"kfn zfx !&&# – !&((
lj=;+= !&&( k'if @& ut] g/e"kfn zfx / sf}lzNofjtLsf] h]i7 ;'k'qsf] ?kdf k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] hGd ePsf]
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

lj=;+= !&(( r}q @% ut] uf]/vfsf /fhf ePsf

lj=;++= !*)! c;f]h !) g'jfsf]6 ljho
lj=;++= !*!( efb| ( dsjfgk'/ ljho
lj=;+= !*@@ r}q # ut] lslt{k'/ ljho
lj=;+= !*@* j}zfv @& ut] r}lj;] /fHodfly cfqmd0f
lj=;+= !*#) >fj0f # rf}b08L ljho
lj=;= !*#! df3 ! df k[YjLgf/fo0f zfxsf] lgwg
cfw'gLs g]kfnsf /fhfx? qmdz
k[YjLgf/fo0f zfx !*@%– !*#!
k|tfkl;x zfx !*#!– !*#$
/0faxfb"/ zfx !*#$– !*%%
uLjf{0fljqmd zfx !*%%– !*&#
/fh]Gb|lj/ljqmd zfx !*&#– !()$
;'/]Gb| zfx !()$– !(#*
q}nf]So zfx /fhf gx'b} d[To' ePsf]
k[YjLljqmd zfx !(#* – !(^*
lqe'jg jL/ljqmd zfx !(^* – @)!!
dx]Gb| jL/ljqmd zfx @)!! – @)@*
jL/]Gb| aL/ljqmd zfx @)@* – @)%*
bLk]Gb| jL/ljqmd zfx @)%* – @)%* -$ lbg cr]t cj:yfdf_
1fg]Gb| jL/ljqmd zfx @)%* – @)^%
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

g]kfn PsLs/0fdf k|lt/Iff ubf{ aL/ult k|fKt ug]{ JolQmx?

jL/ult k|fKt ug]{ of]4f :yfg jL/ult k|fKt ug]{ of]4f :yfg
sfhL gol;+x kf08] cNdf]8f ;/bf/ elQmyfkf b]pyn
sfhL sfn'kf08] sLlt{k'/ sfhL t'nf/fd kf08] sflGtk'/
lza /fd l;+x a:g]t 5flnª eLd;]gyfkf k'n~rf]s
;/bf/ uGbe{ /f0ff sfFs8f hos[i0f s'Fj/ ltdnfsf] n8fOFdf
k/z'/fd yfkf ;dgk'/ n8fOFdf Effis/ /f0ff lburf{sf n8fOFdf
Rf}tfl/of xl:tbn zfx s'dfpdf

lj=;+= !*&!–&@ df ePsf] g]kfn cª\u|]h o'4sf If]qx? / ltgsf sdf08/x?

o'4 If]q g]kfnsf sdf08/ cª\u|]h sdf08/
lht89L – a'6jn_, g'jfsf]6, plh/ l;+x -eLd;]g yfkfsf efO{_ hg/n hf]g ;'n]efg p8
kfNkfsf] df]rf{
k;f{, dsafgk'/ u9L / s0f{]n /0jL/l;+x yfkf-eLd;]g hg/n j]g]6 dn]{
l;Gw'lnu9Lsf] df]rf{ yfkfsf efO{_
gfnfkfgL dxfsnLkfl/ sf] df]rf{ aneb| s'Fj/ hg/n /f]nf08 lhn]:kL
h}ys dxfsnLkf/L /0fhf]/l;+x yfkf hg/n uflj|on dfl6{08]n
dgfpF÷b]pyn a8fsfhL cd/l;+x yfkf, ;/bf/ hg/n cS6/nf]gL
elQm yfkf

g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df 36]sf dxTjk"0f{ 36gfx?

;'uf}nL ;lGw M– # dfr{ !*!^ df tTsflng Oi6 OlG8of sDkgL / g]kfn ;/sf/ jLr o'4cGTosf] nflu ePsf o; ;lGwdf g]kfnsf]
tkm{ uh/fh ld> ef/tsf] tkm{af6 d]h/ j|f8 zfx
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

sf]tkj{ M– lj=;+= !()# c;f]h @ /fh]Gb|sL sfG5L dxf/fgL /fHonIdLsf] ljZjf;kfq uugl;x yfkfsf] xTof/f kQf nufpg cfof]hgf
ul/Psf] o; 36gfdf yfkf ;d"x / j:g]t ;d"x ljr egfeg x'Fbf $# hgfsf] ljeT; xTof ul/of] . o; 36gf x'Fbf k|wfgdlGq kQ]h+ª
zfx lyP eg] klxnf] dl/g] JolQm cledfg l;x j:g]t x'g . of] kj{nfO{ g]kfnsf] Oltxf;df snªssf] 6Lsfsf] ?kdf lnOG5 .
e08f/vfn kj{ M– !()# sflt{s !@ ut] 36]sf] 36gf o; 36gfdf /fh]Gb|sL sfG5L dxf/fgL /fHonIdLn] cfkm\gf] 5f]/f /0f]Gb|nfO{ /fhf
jgfpgsf nflu h+uaxfb"/;Fu /fhs'df/ 3f]if0ff ug{sf ul/ h]7L /fgLsf 5f]/f ;'/]Gb|nfO{ /fhfaf6 x6fpg] cb]z lbPsf] lyO{g t/
h+ujxfb'/n] pQm k|:tfj c:jLsf/ u/]sfn] h+ujxfb'/nfO{ dfg]{ of]hgfsf ;fy /fqLef]h cfof]hgf ul/of] pQm s'/f kl08t ljho/fhn]
h+ujxfb'/nfO{ kf]nvf]lnlbO{ / h+ujxfb'/n] pQm ef]hdf uO{ @# hgfsf] xTof u/]sf lyP .
cnf}kj{ !()$ M–>fj0f dlxgflt/ ef/t k|jf;df /x]sf /fhf /fhf /fh]Gb|n] h+ujxfb'/ /f0ff lj?4 k;f{sf] cnf} eGg] 7fFpdf cfO{ ;}lgs
;+u7g ug{ yfn]sf]n] o;nfO{ bjfpgsf nflu ePsf] 36gfnO{ cnf}+ kj{ elgG5 . o; kj{df h+uaxfb'/n] ;gsl;x / adaxfb'/sf]
g]t[Tjdf /fhf /fh]Gb| lj?4 ;]gf k7fPsf lyP . o; kj{df /fhf /fh]Gb| k/fho ePsfn] pgnfO{ /fhaGbLs] ?kdf s8f kx/f;fy
eQmk'/ b/jf/df s}b ul/Psf] lyof] .
/f0ffzf;g sfn

afng/l;+x s'Fj/sf 5f]/f h+uaxfb'/ s'Fj/n] sf]tkj{kl5 /fHo zf;g xTofP . e08f/vfn kj{ / cnf} kj{kl5 h+uaxfb'/ zlQmzfnL ag] /
ndh'ª / tgx'Fsf] >L # ag] / /f0ff zf;gsf] hu a;fn] .
k|wfgdGqL tyf ltgsf] d'Vo of]ubfg -h/ljb]rleh'kdf]_
!= hª\uaxfb'/ -!()#–!(##_ M lj=; !(!) df Gofo Joj:yf tyf ck/fw sfg"g tf]lsPsf] d'n'sL P]g klxnf] k6s hf/L . b/af/
xfO:s"nsf] :yfkgf . gofF d'n's k|fKt .
@= /0ff]2Lk -!(##–!($@_ M x'nfs 3/sf] :yfkgf -!(#%_, kqf]k|sfzg z'?!(#*, dfnkf]t p7fpg] gofF aGbf]a:t ul/Psf] .
#= jL/ zdz]/ -!($@–!(%&_ M gf/fo0flx6L b/jf/sf] :yfkgf - !($#_,efbufFp / sf7df8f}Fdf jL/wf/fsf] Joj:yf, k'nx¿sf] lgdf{0f,
jL/ c:ktfn -lj=;=!($&_, jL/ k':tsfnosf] :yfkgf, 306f3/sf] lgdf{0f .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

$= b]j zdz]/ -!(%&–!(%*_ M uf]/vfkqsf] k|sfzg k|f/De!(%* a}zfv @$, ;/sf/L ;do !)–% ah] lgwf{/0f, ;/sf/L labfsf]
Joj:yf, kf7zfnfx¿sf] :yfkgf ,uf]/vfkq k|sfzg z'?, ;'emfj k]l6sfsf] Joj:yf, ;dosf] hfgsf/Lsfnflu !@ ah] tf]k k8sfpg] .
%= rGb| zdz]/ -!(%*– !(*^_ M ;tL k|yfsf] pGd"ng -!(&&_, bf;df]rg!(*!_, klxnf] k6s lah'nL aQLsf] Joj:yf-!(^*_, klxnf]
sn]h lq–rGb| sn]hsf] :yfkgf- !(&%_, uf]/vf efiff k|sflzgL ;ldltsf] :yfkgf, g]kfnsf] gS;f lgdf{0f,hgu0fgfsf] k|f/De -
!(^*_,g]kfnsf] klxnf] a}1flgs u]x]Gb| zdz]/nfO{ ljif v'jfP/ xTof !(^$ efb| $.
^= eLd zdz]/ -lj=;=!(*^–!(*(_ M g"g / skf;df eG;f/ dfkmL, skf; v]tLnfO{ k|f]T;fxg .
&= h'4 zdz]/ -lj=;=!(*(–@))@_ M klxnf] a}Fs -g]kfn a}Fs_:yfkgf-!(($ sflt{s_, 3/]n' pBf]usf] ljsf; !((# d+l;/ (_, pRr
cbfnt, h'4 af?0f oGq, Do"lhod / lrl8ofvfgfsf] :yfkgf- !((*_ .
*= kß zdz]/ -@))@–@))%_ M klxnf] ;+ljwfg hf/L-@))$_, sf7df8f}F Do"lgl;kfln6L :yfkgf- @))%_ .
(= df]xg zdz]/ -@))%–@))*_ M cfsfzjf0fLsf] :yfkgf, /fli6«o cfly{s ;ldltsf] u7g

g]kfn ltJjt o'4 !(!@÷!(!#

yfkfynL ;GwL g]kfn / ltJjt ljr o'4 e} pQm o'4df g]kfnn] lhho xfl;n ul/ yfkfynL b/jf/df o'4cGTosf nflu ePsf]
;Demf}tfnfO{ yfkfynL ;GwL elgG5 . h'g !(!@ r}q #
!(#* ;fnsf] kj{ M– k|wfgdGqL /0f]l2ksf] xTof ug]{ of]hgf -lw/ z+Dz]/sf] !& efO{4f/f ul/Psf] _ pQms'/fsf] kf]n pQ/Wjh vjf;n]]
u/] o; 36gfdf $! hgf dfl/P . o; of]hgf s;n] /r]sf lyP g/]Gb| ljqmd zfxfn]
!($@ ;fnsf] kj{ M lj=;+= @)$@ df /fjnlk08Lsf] ;}lgs k|bz{gLdf efu lng g]kfnsf] tkm{jaf6 aL/ zDz]/sf] g]t[Tjdf Ps kN6g
hfg] ePsf] lyof] . cfkm"df /x]sf] ;}lgs zlQmsf] cf8df jL/ zdz]/n] efOx?;Fu ldnL k|wfgdGqL /0f]l2kl;+xsf] xTof u/]sf lyP . $@
;fnsf] kj{df /f0ff kl/jf/x? dfq dfl/Psf lyP . o; kl5 wL/zDz]/sf !& efO{ 5f]/fx?df g]kfnsf] ;Qf ;Lldt x'g uPsf] lyof] .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

k|r08 uf]/vf kj{ M– !(** ePsf] /f0ff lj/f]wL ultljwL ug]{ of]hgfsf ;fy k|r08 uf]/vf gfds ;+:yf :yfkgf ug]{ p2]Zon] ;lqmo
o'jfx?n] agfPsf lyP . o; of]hgfsf\ kf]n vf]lNbg] JolQm nId0f /fh lyP . o; sf08sf sf/0f pd]zljqmd zfxnfO{ kfNkfdf
lgjf{l;t ul/of] x?nfO{ cflhjg sf/jf;sf] b08 lbOPsf] lyof] .
nfOj|]/L kj{ !(*& M– s[i0f k|;fb sf]O/fnf, wd{/fh yklnof, nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f nufotsf o"jfx?4f/f nfOj|]/L :yfkgf ul/ /f0flj/f]wL
ultljwL ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf agfOPsf]df /fdrGb| clwsf/Ln] kf]n vf]lnlbPsf . $^ hgfnfO{ ? !)) ?k}ofFsf b/n] b08 lt/fO{ d'Qm
u/fOPsf] lyof] .
k|hf kl/ifb M– !((@ h]i7 @) ut] z'qm/fh zf:qL cWoIf /x]sf] klxnf] /fhgLlts ;+u7g o; ;+u7gn] hxflgo /f0ff zf;gsf lj?2
cfjfh a'nGb kfg]{ p2]Zo lyof] . ;b:ox? leqaf6 e]b v'Ng uPsfn] %)) hgf sfo{stf{x? ;dfltPsfdf /f0ffx?n] $ hgf nfO{
d[To'b08, w]/}nfO{ hGds}b ;fy ;j{:jx/0f u/]sf lyP .
zlxb sf08 M– rf/ hgf zlxbnfO{ kmfF;L lbPsf] sf08
z'qm/fh zf:qL hGd lj=;+= !(%) d[To'b08 !((& df3 !) 6]s'df em'l08O dfl/Psf]
wd{eQm yfkf hGd lj=;+= !(^%, d[To'b08 !((& df3 !@ l;kmn dfl/Psf
u+ufnfn >]i7 hGd lj=;+= !(&%, /fd]5fk, d[To'b08 !((& df3 !@ zf]efeujtL dfl/Psf
bz/y rGb hGd lj=;+= !(^) , a}t8L, d[To'b08 !((& df3 !$ zf]efeujtL dfl/Psf
g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] :yfkgf lj=;+= @))@ df3 !@
lj/f6gu/ h'6ldndf x8tfn M– lj=;+= @))@ kmfu'g @! dgdf]xg clwsf/L / lul/hf k|;fb sf]O/fnfn] g]t[Tj u/]sf g]kfnsf] klxnf]
x8\tfn
lj=;+= @))$ c;f/ # ut]b]lv sf7df8f}+ / kf6gsf] zx/x?df hot' ;+:s[td gf/fsf ;fy leIff dfUb} Gofok|flKtsf nflu ;F:s[tsf
ljBfyL{x?sf] k|of; lyof] .
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

sDo"lgi6 kf6L{sf] :yfkgf lj=;+= @))^ efb| #) ut]

lj ;+= @))& sflt{s @! ut] /fhu2L Tofu u/L /fhf lqe'jg ef/tLo b'tfjf;sf] z/0fdf uPsf lyP . lj=;+= @))& sflt{ s @% ut]
ef/t k|:tfg u/] ef/tdf g]kfnL sfFu|];, /fhf / /f0ff aLr @))& kmfu'g ! ut] lqklIfo ;Demf}tf u/L k|hftGq :yfkgf
ug]{ ;xdlt e} /fhf lqe'jg @))& kmfu'g $ ut] g]kfn lkmtf{ e} kmfu'g & ut] k|hftGqsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP . pQm
3f]if0ff kZrft !) ;b:o dGqd08nsf] u7g ePsf] lyof] h;df,
!= >L # df]xg zdz]/ ha/f k|wfgdGqL / k//fi6 dGqL, /f0ffsf] tkm{af6
@= >L aa/ zdz]/ hj/f /Iff dGqL /f0ffsf] tkm{af6
#= >L lj=kL= sf]O/fnf u[x dGqL , sfFu|];sf] tkm{af6
$= >L ;'j0f{ zDz]/ hj/f cy{dGqL, sfFu|];sf] tkm{af6
%= >L r'8f/fh zDz]/ h=j=/f= jg ljefu dGqL, /f0ffsf] tkm{af6
^= >L u0f]zdfg l;+x pBf]u jfl0fHo dGqL sfFu|];sf] tkm{af6
&= >L g[kh+u /f0ff lzIff dGqL /f0ffsf] tkm{af6
*= >L eb|sfnL ld> oftfoft dGqL, sfFu|];sf] tkm{af6
(= >L oIfaxfb'/ a:g]t :jf:Yo, :jfoQ zf;g dGqL, /f0ffsf] tkm{af6
!)= >L e/tdl0f zdf{ vfB / s[lif dGqL sfFu|];sf] tkm{af6

 lj+=;++ @))& kmfu'g & ut] g]kfnsf] clGtl/d zf;g ljwfg @))& hf/L ul/Psf] .
 la=;+= @)!! a}zfv !@ ut] sf]zL ;Demf}tf ePsf] g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 dxfaL/ zdz]/ / ef/tsf] tkm{af6 u'nhf/Lnfn gGbn]
;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ u/]sf
 la=;+= @)!^ d+l;/ !( ut] u08sL ;Demf}tfdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 ;'j0f{ zdz]/ / ef/tsf] tkm{af6 eujfg
;xfon] x:tfIf/ u/]sf
 lj=;+= @)!% ;fndf klxnf] cfd lgjf{rg ;DkGg ePsf]
 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] ;§f >L % ;/sf/sf] n]Vg] lg0f{o ul/Psf] lj=;+= @)!% a}zfv @
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 lj+;== @)!& k'if ! ut] lgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL lj=lk= sfO{/fnfsf] dlGqkl/ifbnfO{ ckb:t u/L k~rfoL Joj:yf nfu' lj=;+= @)!&
k'if @@
 >L % dx]Gb|af6 u}8fsf]6df dx]Gb| /fhudfu{sf] lznfGof; la ;+= @)!( a}zfv !
 ;/sf/n] 8fFkm], ufO{, nfnL uF'/f;, l;ld|s /ªnfO{ /fli6«o lrGx egL 3f]if0f u/]sf] la=;+= @)!( c;f/ @)
 g]kfn / rLg lar af]8{/ k|f]6f]sndf x:tfIf/ lj=;+= @)!( df3 #
 ;/sf/L sfdsfh g]kfnLdf x'g] lg0f{o lj=;= @)@! a}zfv @
 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Lsf] Joj:yf lj=;+= @)@@ k'if !
 lj+=;+= @)@$ lj=lk= sfO{/fnf 4f/f ufpFkms{ cleofg z'?jft
 xjfO{ ckx/0f;DalGw 36gf – lj/f6gu/af6 p8]sf] ljdfgnfO{ sfFu|];sf sfof{stf{x?n] ef/tdf k'KofP/ T;df /xsf] em08} ?
#) nfv ef=?= ufoj @)#) h]i7
 l;+xb/jf/df cfunfuL lj=;+= @)#) c;f/ @%
 lj=;+= @)#) c;f/ @% ut] l;x+b/jf/df cfuf]nfuL ePsf]
 lj=;+= @)#) kmfu'g !!.!@ ut] g]kfnnfO{ zflGtIf]q 3f]if0ff
 lj=;+= @)#$ a}zfv ! ut] g]kfnnfO{ ljkm/ /f]u d'Qm b]z 3f]if0ff ul/Psf]
 hgdt ;+u|x M– 3f]if0f @)#^ h]i7 !) ut]
 lgjf{rg ;DkGg @)#& j}zfv @) ut]
 glthf 3f]if0ff @)#& h]i7 !
 k~rfotsf] kIfdf %$=&*, %% lhNnf, k|hftGqsf] kIfdf $$=@@, @) lhNnf
 ;+o'Qm hgcfGbf]ng M– @)$^ kmfu'g & b]vL @)$^ r}q @^ ;Dd cfGbf]ngsf] g]t[Tj u0f]zdfg l;x n] u/]sf o; hgcfGbf]ng
$( lbg;Dd rn]sf] lyof] .
 @( jlif{o k~rfotL Joj:yfsf] cGTo ePsf],
 hgo'4 3f]if0ff M– @)%@ kmfu'g !
Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 la=;+= @)%@ df3 !% ut] 6gsk'/ ;lGw ePsf] h;df g]kfnsf] tkm{af6 8f= k|sfzrGb nf]xgL / ef/tsf] tkm{af6 k//fi6« dGqL
k|0fj d'vhL{n] x:tfIf/ u/]sf
 gf/f0flx6L b/jf/ xTofsf08 M– @)%* h]i7 !( ut]
 1fg]Gb|sf] k|ToIf zf;g M– @)^! df3 @(
 bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ng – @)^@ r}q @$ b]vL @)^# j}zfv !! ;Dd
 lj:t[t zflGt ;Demf}tf M– @)^# d+l;/ %
 klxnf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg M– @)^$ r}q @*
 u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff M– @)^% h]i7 !%
 /fi6kltsf] lgjf{rg M– @)^% ;fpg &
 klxnf] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lj36g M– @)^( h]i7 !%
 bf];|f] ;+ljwfg ;efsf] lgjf{rg M– @)&) d+l;/ $
 ;+ljwfg hf/L M– @)&@ c;f]h # ut]
 :yfgLo lgjf{rg M– klxnf] r/0f M– @)&$ a}zfv #! k|b]zdf #,$,^
 bf];|f] r/0f @)&$ c;f/ !$ k|b]zdf !,%,&
 t];|f] r/0f @)&$ d+l;/ !& k|b]zdf @
 k|ltlglw;ef / /fli6«o;efsf] lgjf{rg M– @)&$ d+l;/ !& / d+l;/ @!
 @)&$ kmfu'g # ut] s]=kL zdf{ cf]nLsf] g]t[Tjdf ;/sf/ u7g ePsf] . $! cf} k|wfgdGqL

प्राचिन नेपालका अचतिम एचिहाचिक राजाहरु

 ककराि बंिी ------------------------गस्िी

 आचिर बंिी ------------------------िुवन िीह

Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 िोम बंिी ---------------------------िास्कर बमाा

 गोपाल बंिी -------------------------यक्ष गुप्त

 िूया बंिी -----------------------------चवजय कामदेव

 ठकु र बंिी ---------------------------िंखरदेव

 गोरखाका राजा ----------------------पृथ्वीनारायण शाह

 िनहुका राजा ------------------------हरकु मार िेन

 िौदण्डीका राजा --------------------कणा िेन

 पाल्पाका राजा -----------------------पृथ्वीपाल िेन

 काठमाण्डौका मल्ल राजा -----------जयप्रकाश मल्ल

 िक्तपुरका मल्ल राजा ----------------रणजीि मल्ल

 पाटनका मल्ल राजा ------------------िेजनरचिह मल्ल

#प्राचिन नेपालका प्रथम एचिहाचिक राजाहरु

 काठमाण्डौ उपत्यकाका प्रथम राजा ................धमााकर

 आचिर बंिी..............................वरचशह

 गोपाल बंिी............................ िुक्तमान

 िूया बंिी..............................िूपी बमाा

 ककराि बं..............................यलम्बर
 चलचछिचव बंिी.........................जयदेव प्रथम

 मल्ल बंिी .............................अररदेव

 िक्तपुरका मल्ल राजा ....................राय मल्ल

Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 पाटनका मल्ल राजा ......................रण मल्ल

 ठकु री बााँिका राजा ......................िास्करदेव

# नेपाल एकीकरण गदाा वीरगचि प्राप्त गने व्यचक्तहरु

 काचज कालु पाण्डे --------------------------ककर्िापुर चव. ि .१८१४

 काचज िुलाराम पाण्डे -----------------------काचतिपुर

 काचज नयनचिह थापा -----------------------अल्मोडा

 िरदार िचक्त थापा --------------------------देउथल चव. ि. १८७१

 िेनापचि चशवरामचिहबस्नेि -----------------िाचलङ

 िीमिेन थापा --------------------------------पलातिोक

 परिुराम थापा --------------------------------िमनपुरको लडाइमा

 िौिाररया हचस्िदल शाहा --------------------- कु माउ

#राचिय एकककरणका महत्वपूणा चिचथचमचिहरु

 नुवाकोट -------------श्री ५ पृथ्वीनारायण शाह चव.ि . १८०१

 नगरकोट --------------जहागीर शाह चव.ि . १८०३

 ककर्िापुर-------------िुरप्रिाप शाह चव.ि . १८२३

 काठमाण्डौ--------- श्री ५ पृथ्वीनारायण शाह, िुलाराम पाण्डे, रामकृ ष्ण कु वर १८२५

 िादगाउ ----------- काजी वंिराज पाण्डे, िुराप्रिाप शाह १८२६

 इलाम-------------रामकृ ष्ण कु वर, जगचजि शाह १८३१

 कास्की------------जीव शाह, दामोदर पाण्डे १८४२

 लमजुङ------------ रामकृ ष्ण कु वर, दामोदर पाण्डे १८३९

 डोटी -------------काचज जगचजि पाण्डे १८४७

 जुम्ला -------------चशवनारायण खत्री १८४७

Shiva Basyal ,Assistant Director of NTA

 पाल्पा ------------काचज अमरचिह थापा,दलिंजन पाण्डे १८६१

#नेपालको इचिहािमा घटेका ठु ला घटनाहरु, पवाहरु

 कोि पवा ------------------------------चब.ि. १९०३ अिोज २ गिे राचि


 िण्डारखाल पवा ----------------------- चब.ि. १९०३ काचिक १२ गिे



 औलो पवा --------------------------------१९०४ श्रावण



 िुगौली िचतध ......................................३ मािा १८१६



 लाइब्रेरी पवा ............................... ........चब .ि १९८७



 मकै पवा ............................... ..............चब .ि १९७७



 नेपाल,अग्रेज युद ् ..............................िन् १८१४ देचख १८१६ िम्म