COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

Multiple Choice Questions 9. One bag contains

· 6 3 red and S black bal'- ..13. Another
b ag cont ams re~ 4 black balls. A ball is transferred
1. If P(A) • 0.8 and P(exactly one of them selected) = 0.7 from first bag to the 2nd bag and then a ball • dra
then P(B) is from ~e 2nd bag. Find the probability that~e b':;;
drawn 1s red.
1
(a) 3 (b) 41 (c) ! 21 (b) 30 , ) 21 51
5 (a) 51
2. 80/o of the bulbs produced in a factory are of yellow 51 ,c 88 (d) 88
colour and 3% are yellow and defective. If one bulb 10. If P(A) = ;, P(B) = ¾, P(A n B) = ¾then P(A I B) is
is picked up at random,. then probability of its being
7 5 3
defective and yellow:
(a) 10 (b) 10 (c) 10 (d) 1~
(a)
1
s 1
(b) 4
3
(c)
1
8 (d) 2 11. A man is ~own to speak the truth 3 out of s times. He
throws a die and reports that it is '2'. The probability
. Let A and B be two events such that P(A) = 0.7, that it is actually '2' is.
3
P(B) = 0.5 and P(A I B) = 0.6, then the value of P(A' I B') 13 10
(a) 30 (b) 13
is
1 1 3
(a) 4 (c) 6 (d) (c) 13 (d) None of these
4. If A and B are independent events such that 12. An um contains 10 black and 5 white balls.
P(A) = 0.8 and P(B) = 0.5 then the P(only one of them) , \ ~ e . balls are drawn from the um without
is ~replacement. The probability of drawing
(a) 0.4 (b) 0.5 (c) 0.6 ~0.8 2 black and 1 white ball is
5. ·A die thrown 2 times and the sum of 1:lie. scores
appearing on the die is observed to be as l multiple
of 6. Then the conditional probability that the score
(a) (~ r (b) (½f

=
45
6 has appeared at least once is (c) 91 (d) None of these
1 1 1 13. A die is tossed thrice. The probability of getting an
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 6
even number atleast once is
6. Let A and B are two events such that P(A) -- 41 , P(A I B)
= ½and P(B IA) =
1
(a) 12 (b) 6
1
(c) 3
1
i,
then P(B) is equal to

(d) 3
2
(a) (b) • (c) (d)
14. A policeman fires 4 bullets on a dacoit. The
§
probability that the dacoit will be killed by a bullet
>
is 0.6. The probability that the dacoit is still alive is C/:1
7. The probability that A speaks truth is : and while (a) 0.2564 (b) 0.0256 (c) 0.1234 (d) (0.6)4
this probability for B is 3/4. The probability that they 15. Two integers are selected at random from numbers •f f l
contradict each other when, asked to speak on a fact, 3 to 13. H the sum is even, then the probability that
both the numbers are odd is
is
3
(a) 20 (b) 20
7
(c) 5
1
(a) 5
4 1
(b) 5
2
(c) 5 (d) 5
3 Cl
8. Aproblem in maths is given to 3 students A, B, C and 16. A problem in maths is given to 4 students, A B, C, D.
their respective probability of solving the problem is Their chances of solving the problem respectively,

½, ½and ¼•Probability that the problem is solved are j, '! ,½and i .Then the probability that atmost
is one of them will solve the problem is?
(a) 2. 2
(c) 3
1 (a) 49 (b) 13
4 (d) 3 90 15
5 (d) None of these
(c) 18
421
 ShlV DU Board Exams Question Bank (Mathematics XII)

17. An urn contains 5 red, 3 white, 2 black balls. 3 balls 1 1 1

1
~e drawn at random. Probability that they are of the (a) 18 (b) 36 (c) 12 (d) 24
different colour is
28. Three dice are thrown simultaneously. The probability
(a) 16 (b) ! (c) ! (d) _l_ of obtaining a total score of 5 is (2020 Series: ffMJ/4)
31 8 4 16
18. Two dice are thrown. If it is known that the sum of the 5 1 1 1
(a) 216 (b) 6 (c) 36 (d) 49
numbers on the dice was less than 5, the probability
of getting a sum 3 is 29. A card is picked at random from a pack of 52 playing
cards. Given that the picked card is a queen, the
(a) !2 (b) !3 (c) !4 (d) !5 probability of this card to be a card of spade is
19. In a school, 20% students fail in economics, 15% fail (2020 Series : HMJ/5)
in English and 8% fail in both. One student is chosen
at random. The probability that he fails in English if (a) 31 4
(b) 13 ()1
c 4
(d)-21
he has failed in Economics is 30. A die is thrown once. Let A be the event that the
(a) ~
1
(b) i (c) ½ (d) j number obtained is greater than 3. Let B be the event
that the number obtained is less than 5.
20. If A and B are two independent events with Then P(A u B) is (2020 Series : HMJ/5)
2 3 2 3
P(A) = S and P(B) = l0 , then P(A' n B') equals (a) (b) (c) 0 (d) 1
5 5
(a) 21 (b) (c) 17 (d) ! 31. A number is chosen randomly from numbers 1 to 60.
50 25 50 5 The probability that the chosen number is a multiple
2 3 • 1
21. If P(A) = 5, P(B) = l0 and P(A n B) = , then
5
of 2 or 5 is (2020 Series : HMJ/5)
(d) 9

....>
P(A' I B') is 2
(a) 5 (b) ~ () 7
5 C 10 10
(a) ¾ (b) (c) 25 (d) 1 32. If for two events A and B, P(A - B) = j and

-
7 42
22. If A and B are two events such that P(A) = - ,
1 P(A) = ¾, then P(!) is equal to (2023 EF1Gff/l)
2 '.'\p 3 2 2
1 1 (a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 5 (d) 3
..Cl P(B) = and P(A I B) = , then P(A' n B') equals to
3 4
m (a) 12
1
(b) 4 (c) 4
3
(d) 16
1 3 33. If, for any two events A and B, P(A) = ¾ and
..Cl 23. If A and B are events such that P(A) = 0.4,
. P (A n B) = {o , then P(B I A) is equal to

Cl P(B) = 0.3 and P(A u B) = 0.5, then P(B' n A) equals (2023 Series: EFlGH/5)

c.. to
2 1 3 1
(a) _!_
10
(b)
8
! 7
(c) 8
17
(d) 20

C1. (a) -
3
(b) - (c) 10
2
(d) -
5 34. Five fair coins are tossed simultaneously. The prob-
ability of the· events that atleast one head comes up
24. If A and B are two events such that P(B) = 53 , is (2023 Series: EFlGH/5)
1 4 (a) 27 5 31 1
P(A I B) = , P(A u B) = , then P(A) equals to 32 (b) 32 (c) 32 (d) 32
2 5
3 35. If A and B are two independent events such that
(a) - (b) _! (c) _! (d)
10 1 · 1
P(A) =
3 and P(B) = 4 , then P(B' I A) is
5 2 5
25. If A and B are two independent events with (2023 Series: EFlGH/5)
1 1 3
(a) 4 (b) (c) (d) 1
P(A) = and P(B) = _! , then P(A' n B') is equal to 8 4
5 9
4 8 1 2 36. If the sum of numbers obtained on throwing a pair
(a) 15 (b) 45 (c) 3 (d) 9 of dice is 9, then the probability that number ob-
26. From the set {l, 2, 3, 4, 5}, two numbers a and b (a -:t b) tained on one of the dice is 4, is:
(2023 Series: EFl GH/2)
are chosen at random. The probability that : is an
(a) !
9
(b) i9 (c) _!_
18
(d) !
2
integer is: (2020 HMJ/4)
1 3 37. If A and Bare two events such that
1 1
(a) -
3
(b) -
4
(c) 2 (d) 5
P(A I B) =2 x P(B I A) and P(A) + P(B) = then P(B) j,
27. A bag contains 3 white, 4 black and 2 red balls. If 2 is equal to
balls are drawn at random (without replacement), 2 7 4 5
then the probability that both the balls are white is (a) 9 (b) 9 (c) 9 (d) 9
(2020 Series : HMJ/4) (2023 Series: EFlGH/2)
 -
chapter 13: Probability

Assertion Reason Questions 43. Assertion: Let A and B be two independent events.
Then P(A 11 B) = P(A) + P(B) .
VIRECI'ION: Read the two statements Assertion (A) and Reason: There events A, B and C are said to be
Reason (R) carefully to mark the correct option out of independent, if P(A 11 B 11 C) = P(A). P(B). P(C).
the options given below:
(a) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements and 44. Let A and B be the two events associated with an
Reason is correct explanation for Assertion. experiment such that
(b) Assertion and Reason both are correct statements but P(A 11 B) = P(A). P(B)
Reason is not correct explanation for Assertion. Assertion: P(A I B) = P(A) and P(B I A)= P(B).
(c) Assertion is correct statement but Reason is wrong Reason: P(A u B) = P(A) + P(B).
statement. 45. Assertion (A): Two coins are tossed simultaneously.
(d) Assertion is wrong statement but Reason is correct The probability of getting two heads, if it is known that
statement. at least one head comes up, is ½.
38. Consider a family has two children. Reason (R): Let E and F oe two events with a random
Assertion: Probability that both the children are boys . P(E11F)
experiment, then P(F I E) =-= P(E) ·
given that at least one of them boy is ½.
P(E11F) (2023 Series: EFlGH/5)
Reason: P (E I F) = P(F)
Case Based Questions
39, Consider Bag I contains 3 red and 4 black balls while
another Bag II contains 5 red and 6 black balls. I. A coach is training 3 players. He observes that the
Assertion: One·ball is drawn at random from one of the Player A can hit a target 4 times in 5 shots, Playe: B
bags and it is found to be red. Then the probability that can hit 3 times in 4 shots and the Player C can hit 2
times in 3 shots.
it was drawn from Bag II is : .
Reason: The given solution can be obtained through
probability distribution.
40. Consider X denote the no. of hours you study during i II
a randomly selected school day. The probability than X
can take the values x, has following form, where K is
some unknown constant.
z:
0.1,if X = 0
kx,if x = lor2
P(X = x) = k(s - x),if x = 3or4
n
{
0, otherwise
Assertion: The Value of K is 0.15.
<
ca
..en
Reason: The sum of probabilities of all events of the
trial may be positive or negative From the above situation answer the following:
41. Assertion: Let A and B be two events such that 46. Let A: the target is hit by A, B: the target is hit by B
P(A) = ½, while P(A or B) = ½. Let P(B) = P, then for and C: the target is hit by C. Then, the probability
that A, B and C all will hit, is
P = .!.4 , A and B independent. (a) 4/5 (b) 3/5 (c) 2/5 (d) 1/5
47. Referring to question 46, what is the probability that
Reason: For independent events,
P(A 11 B) = P(A) P(B)
P(A u B) = P(A) + P(B) - P(A 11 B)
B and C will hit and A will lose?
(a) 1/10 (b) 3/10 (c) 7 /10 (b) 4/10
48. With reference to the events mentioned in question
m
= P(A) + P(B) - P(A)P(B)
42. Assertion: Consider the experiment of drawing a
_ 47, what is the probability that 'any two of A, Band
C will hit'?
Cl
card from a deck of 52 playing cards, in which the
(a) 1/30 (b)· 11/30 (c) 17/30 (d) 13/30
elementary events are assumed to be equally likely.
49. What is the probability that 'none of them will hit
If E and F denote the events the card drawn is an ace
the target'?
and a spade respectively then
(a) 1/30 (b) 1/60 (c) 1/15 (d) 2/15
1 1
P(E I F) = 13
and P(F I E) = 4 . 50. What is the probability that at least one of A, B or C
will hit the target?
Reason: E and F are two events such that the (a) 59/60 (b) 2/5 (c) 3/5 (d) 1/60
probability of occurrence of one of them is not affected II. Vishal and Diksha decided to play with dice to keep
by occurrence of the other. Such events are called themselves busy at home as their schools are closed
independent events. due to corona virus pandemic. Vishal throws a dice

b
I
11111 la Board Exams Question Bank (Mathernatlcs XII)
repeatedly until a six is obtained. He denotes the 59. What is the probability that the first ball is green aitd
number of throws required by X. the second ball is not yellow?
12 6
(a) 119 (b) 85

10 (d) None of these

(c) 119
60. What is the probability that both the balls are not
blue?
Based_ on the information, answer the following
questions: 15 12 6 253
(a) 17 (b) 85 (c) 595 (d) 595
51. The probability that X = 2 equals
1 1 5 IV. A doctor is to visit a patient. From the past experien
(a) 6 (b) 63 (c) 36 5 it is known that the probabilities that he will come ~e,
(d)
62
cab, metro, bike or by other means of transport ar~
52. The probability that X = 4 equals respectively 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 and 0.4. The probabilities that
53 1 1 5 he will be late are 0.25, 0.3, 0.35 and 0.1 if he comes
(a) 64 (b) 66 (c) 64 (d) 64 by cab, metro,. bike and other means of transport
53. The probability that X 2 equals respectively.
25 1 5 25
(a) 36 (b) 36 (c) 6 (d)
216
54. The value of P(X 6) is
53 53 (c) _53 X_61 55
(a) 64 (b) 1 - - (d)
65 65 65
55. The probability that X 4 equals

(a) (b) !~ (c) 53

(d) 63
Based on the above information, answer the following
III. In a play zone, Kashish is playing crane game. It has 12 questions.
blue balls, 8 red balls, 10 yellow balls and 5 green balls.
61. When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability
If Kashish draws two balls one after the other without
that he comes by metro?
replacement, then answer the following questions.
2 5 5
(a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 21 (d) 1
6
62. When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability
that he comes by cab?
2 1 5 4
(a) 21 (b) 7 (c) 14 (d) 21
63. When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability
that he comes by bike?
5 4 5
(a) 6 (b) 7 (c) 21
64. When the doctor arrives late, what is the probability
that he comes by other means of transport?
56. What is the probability that the first ball is blue and 2 5 4 6
the second ball is green? (a) 7 (b) 14 (c) 21 (d) 7
15 12 6 5 65. What is the probability that the doctor is late by any
(a) 119 (b) 119 (c) 119 (d) 119 means?

57. What is the probability that the first ball is yellow (a) 0 (b) 1 (c) -1
and the second ball is red? 2
V. Between students of class XII of two schools
8 16
(a) 119 (b) 119 A and B basketball match is organised. For which, a
team from each school is chosen, say T1 be the team
24 of school A and T2 be the team of school B. These
(c) 119 (d) None of these
teams have to play two games against each other. It
58. What is the probability that both the balls are red? is assumed that the outcomes of the two games are
24 4 12 64 independent. The probability of T1 winning, drawing
(a) 595 (b) 85 (c) 119 (d) 119
1 , 3 ands1
and losing· a game against T2 are
2 10
respectively.
!
l

..l,' Chapter 13: Probability

J
! VI. In answering a
question on a
) multiple choice
test for class XII, a
student either
ll knows the answer
or guesses. Let 3/5
'. be the probability
'I Each team gets 2 points for a win, 1 point for a draw that he knows the answer and 2/5 be the probability
l and O point for a loss in a game. that he guess~s. Assume that a student who guesses
Let X and Y denote the total points scored by team A the answer will be correct with probability 1/3. Let E ,
l\ and B respectively, after two games.
Based on the above infonnation, answer t1ze following
1
E2, E be the events that the students knows the answer,
guesses the answer and answers correctly respectively.
•
l questions: Based 011 the above infonnation, answer the following:
{ 66. P(T2 winning a match against T1) is equal to 71. What is the value of P(Ei)?
J (a) 2/5 (b) 1/3 (c) 1 (d) 3/5
'
(a) 1/6 (b) 1/5
72. Value of P(E I Ei) is
(c)l/3 (b) none of these
(a) 1/3 (b) 1 (c) 2/3 (d) 4/15
67. P(T2 drawing a match against T1 ) is equal to
(a) 3/10 (b) 1/3 (c) 1/6 (d) 1/2 73. :Ei:i P(E I Ek) P(Ek) Equals
68. P(X > Y) is equal to (a) 11/15 (b) 4/15 (c) 1/5 (d) 1
(a) 1/20 (b) 5/12 (c) 1/4 (d) 11/20 74. Value of :Eti P(Ed
69. P(X = Y) is equal to (a) 1/3 (b) 1/5 (c) 1 (d) 3/5
(a) 29/100 (b) 1/3 (c) 11/100 (d) 1/2 75. What is the probability that the student knows the
70. P(X + Y = 8) is equal to answer given that he answered it correctly?
(a) 0 (b) 13/36 (c) 5/12 (d) 7/12 (a) 2/11 (b) 5/3 (c) 9/11 (d) 13/3

VII. Recent studies suggest that roughly 12% of the world population is left handed .

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J
ROUGHLY 12~ OF THE WORLD IS LEFT HANDED t .. OUINCJIOF~HMDIDCHID

f Depending upon the parents, the chances of having a left handed child are as follows:
A : When both father and mother are left handed:
l
Chances of left handed child is 24%.

,
1
'
I
B: When father is right handed and mother is left handed:
Chances of left handed child is 22%.
C : When father is left handed and mother is right handed:
" Chances of left handed child is 17%.
l D: When both father and mother are right handed:
Chances of left handed child is 9%.
Assuming that P(A) = P(B) = P(C) = P(D) = ¾and L denotes the event that child is left handed.
1 Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
76. Find P(I/C)
I 77. Find P(L / A)
78. Find P(A/L)
i Find the probability that a randomly selected child is left handed given that exactly one of the parents is left
'ed. '
(
,J
L