The chart demonstrates the proportions of Japan’s population by age group from

1950 to 2050.
Most strikingly, we can see that while the share of 0-14 and 15-64 are expected
to fall within the first 50 years of the new century, the percentage of the 65+ age
bracket will generally rise.
Beginning in 1950, most people in Japan fell within the 15-64 age group, at 60
percent, followed by the 0-14 age group at nearly 20 percent, while the 65+ age
group only made up 5 percent of the population. However, while the oldest age
category starts to increase from the 1970s onwards, there is the opposite trend
for two younger groups - while the 15-64 age bracket remains the largest
throughout the period, the 65+ age group had already overtaken the 0-14 age
group as the second largest by 2000.
By 2050, it is forecasted that there will be more than three and a half times
more people over 65 than there are children up to 14 years old, when the former
will take up 35 percent of the population, compared to the latter’s 10 percent.