School Malinao Ilaya Integrated NHS Grade Level Grade 8

LESSON
Science (Earth and
EXEMPL Teacher Jerizza Magne A. Parafina Learning Area
AR Space)
Teaching Date Nov. 28 – Dec. 2, 2022 Quarter 2ND Quarter

Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards
B. Performance Standards
C. Learning Competencies or
Objectives
II. CONTENT
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
a. Teacher’s Guide Pages
b. Learner’s Material Pages
c. Textbook Pages
d. Additional Materials from
Learning Resources
B. List of Learning Resources for
Development and Engagement
Activities
IV. PROCEDURES
D. Introduction
The learners demonstrate understanding of the relationship between
faults and earthquakes
The learners should be able to:
 participate in decision making on where to build structures
based on knowledge of the location of active faults in the
community
 make an emergency plan and prepare an emergency kit for
use at home and in school
At the end of the lesson, the learners are expected to:
 explain how earthquake waves provide information about the
interior of the earth
Earthquake Waves
PIVOT 4A Learner’s Material
Quarter 2
First Edition, 2020
Science 8 Learners Material
Unit 2 – Earth and Space
PowerPoint presentation, video presentation, projector, visual aids,
and pen and paper
A. Opening Prayer
B. Checking of Attendance
C. Classroom Management
 F - follow safety protocols
 R – Respect other’s opinions and ideas
 E – Enthusiastically participate and focus on the class
discussion
 S – Sort its picked – trash and throw it to appropriate
bin
 H – Highlight and apply what you have learned
What causes Earthquake?

An earthquake occurs because

of geologic forces inside the Earth.
These inner forces build up slowly
and eventually become so strong
that may cause underground rocks
to break. When this happens,
tremendous energy is released
causing the ground to move and
shake. These waves of energy
travel through the Earth are called
seismic waves. Seismic waves
behave in different ways,
depending on what they encounter
along the way.
 Activity 1. Quake-events

Directions: Rearrange the events in the order of their occurrence using

the numbers 1 to 6

B. Development What are Seismic Waves?

Seismic waves are the waves of energy that travel either along or
near the Earth’s surface. This energy that travels through the Earth is
recorded by seismographs.

Types of Earthquake Waves

1. body waves
2. surface waves

Body Waves
The body waves are seismic waves that travel through the interior
of the Earth. These waves are of higher frequency than surface
waves. The two types of body waves are primary and secondary
waves.

Primary Waves
The first type of body waves are the P waves or primary waves.
These are the fastest kind of seismic waves, and consequently, the
first to arrive at a seismic station and recorded in the seismograph.
The P waves can move through solid rocks and fluids, like water or the
liquid layers of the Earth. They push and pull the rocks as they move
through just like the sound waves that push and pull the air.

Secondary Waves
The second type of body waves are the S waves or secondary
waves. These are waves that arrive second, after P waves are being
detected in the seismic station and recorded in the seismograph. S
waves are slower than P waves and can only move through solid
rocks, not through any liquid medium. This concludes that the Earth’s
outer core is liquid due to this property of the S wave. These waves
move rock particles up and down, or side-to-side perpendicular to the
direction that the waves are traveling in. S waves are also known as
transverse or shear waves, which create the shaking of the ground
back and forth.

Surface Waves

Surface waves travel only through the crust. These are of lower
frequency than body waves, and are easily distinguished on a
seismograph. Though they arrive after body waves, it is the surface
waves that are almost entirely responsible for the destruction
associated with earthquakes. There are two types of surface waves,
the Love wave and Rayleigh wave.

Love Waves
The first type of surface wave is called Love wave, named after
Augustus Edward Hough Love, a British mathematician who worked
out the mathematical model for this kind of wave in 1911. This wave is
the fastest surface wave and moves the ground from side-to-side.
Love waves produce entirely horizontal motion. It can travel a velocity
of 4 km/s and create more shaking.

Rayleigh Waves
The second type of surface wave is the Rayleigh wave, named after
John William Strutt, Lord Rayleigh, a British scientist who predicted
the existence of this kind of wave in 1885. This wave rolls along the
ground just like a wave rolls across a lake or an ocean. It moves the
ground side-to-side and up and down in the same direction that the
wave is moving. Most of the trembling felt from an earthquake is due
to the Rayleigh wave, which can be much larger than the other waves.
C. Engagement
Activity 2: Prepare a basin with half-filled water and stone. Drop a
stone into the basin and observe what will happen. Write your answers
in your answer sheet.

1. What happens when you drop the stone?

________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
2. What causes the ripples to form?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________
3. How far does the ripple continue?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

The vibrations are more properly called seismic waves. As seismic

waves travel through the body of the Earth, they behave in different
ways, depending on what they encounter a long way.

Activity 3: Use a slinky wave in this activity and answer the given
questions.

(Note: You may use unused notebook metal spring as alternative

if slinky wave is not available at home)

1. Prepare a slinky and a masking tape.

2. Mark a spot on their slinky near the center with masking tape at the
top of the loop.
3. Ask someone from your family to hold each end of the slinky.
Stretch out the slinky along a table.
4. Take turn in compressing 15 coils and then releasing them rapidly
while they hold the end of the slinky, making sure to observe the
energy wave travel the length of the slinky.

Guide Questions:
 1.Describe your observations of the coil and tape.
2.What kind of seismic wave does this slinky motion represent?
D. Assimilation PART A - Directions: Write T if the statement is true and F if it
is false.
_________1. The primary wave is the slowest wave among the
seismic waves.
_________2. The secondary wave can travel through all states
of matter.
_________3. The most destructive wave is the surface wave.
_________4. The primary wave is the first wave that can be
detected.
_________5. The two types of surface waves are the primary waves
and Love waves.

PART B - Directions: Below are possible situations during an

earthquake. Choose the letter of the appropriate action.

V. REFLECTION The learners, in their notebook, journal or portfolio, will write their
personal insights about the lesson using the prompts below:

I understand that _________________________________________.

I realize that _____________________________________________.

Prepared by:

JERIZZA MAGNE A. PARAFINA

Teacher I

Checked by:

ALLAN E. DATA
Principal III