Local Planning Process, Resource

Planning, Participatory Planning

(With refernce to LGs)
 The concept of local planning process refers to the systematic and participatory
process of developing and implementing plans for the development of local
communities, towns, or cities. It involves a series of steps that are undertaken to
identify and address the needs, priorities, and aspirations of local residents and
stakeholders.
 The local planning process typically involves the following steps:
• Setting goals and objectives: conducting surveys or consultations with local
residents to identify their needs, priorities, and aspirations
• Conducting a needs assessment: to identify the resources and infrastructure
needed to achieve them; may involve assessing the existing infrastructure and
services, and identifying any gaps or deficiencies.
• Developing a plan: Based on the goals, objectives, and needs assessment, a plan is
developed that outlines the actions, strategies, and policies needed to achieve the
desired outcomes.
• Consultation and engagement: to ensure that people’s perspectives and concerns
are taken into account; may involve conducting public meetings, workshops, or
surveys.
• Implementation and monitoring: Once the plan is developed, it needs to be
implemented through a series of actions and initiatives. It is important to monitor
progress and evaluate the effectiveness of the plan, and make adjustments as
necessary to ensure that it continues to meet the needs of the community.
 Some of the key theories of local planning process include:
• Rational Planning: This theory assumes that planning is a rational process that
involves the systematic analysis of data and the selection of the most efficient and
effective solution to a problem. This theory is based on the idea that planners can
use objective data to identify problems and develop solutions that are consistent
with community goals and objectives.
• Incrementalism: This theory assumes that planning is an incremental process that
involves making small, incremental changes over time. This theory is based on the
idea that communities are complex and dynamic, and that planning must be
flexible and responsive to changing circumstances.
• Advocacy Planning: This theory assumes that planning is a political process that
involves advocating for the interests of marginalized groups and challenging the
power structures that perpetuate social and economic inequality. This theory is
based on the idea that planners can use their expertise to support community-
based advocacy efforts and promote social justice.
• Collaborative Planning: This theory assumes that planning is a collaborative
process that involves working with diverse stakeholders to develop solutions that
are mutually beneficial. This theory is based on the idea that planners can use
their skills to facilitate communication and collaboration between different groups,
including government agencies, community organizations, and residents.
• Communicative Planning: This theory assumes that planning is a communicative
process that involves creating opportunities for dialogue and exchange between
different groups. This theory is based on the idea that planners can use their skills
to facilitate communication and promote understanding between different
stakeholders, which can help to build trust and promote consensus.
Scholars have provided a number of definitions of the local
planning process, some of which are:
• According to John Forester, local planning is "a process of
discovery, decision-making, and action designed to shape
and achieve a vision of the future that is both desirable and
attainable."
• According to Judith Innes, local planning is "a process of
negotiation among diverse actors to produce a collective
decision or set of decisions to guide future action."
• According to Richard Klosterman, local planning is "a
decision-making process that uses analytical methods to
evaluate alternatives and to establish goals, policies, and
programs for a physical or social system."
• According to Michael Batty, local planning is "a process of
envisioning, designing, implementing, and evaluating
actions that create, sustain, or modify the physical, social,
and economic environment in which people live."
• There are several different perspectives on the local planning process, depending
on the goals and priorities of the different stakeholders involved. Some of the key
perspectives include:
• Community-based perspective: This perspective emphasizes the importance of
community involvement and participation in the local planning process. It
recognizes that local residents are the best experts on their own communities, and
that their input is essential for creating plans that are responsive to their needs
and priorities.
• Economic perspective: From an economic perspective, local planning is seen as a
way to promote economic development and growth in the local area. This may
involve identifying and promoting local industries, improving infrastructure and
transportation networks, and attracting new businesses and investment.
• Environmental perspective: The environmental perspective on local planning
emphasizes the need to balance economic development with environmental
sustainability. This may involve identifying and protecting natural resources,
promoting renewable energy and sustainable transportation, and reducing the
environmental impacts of local industries and activities.
• Social justice perspective: From a social justice perspective, local planning is seen
as a way to promote fairness and equity in the distribution of resources and
opportunities. This may involve addressing issues of poverty, inequality, and social
exclusion, and ensuring that marginalized communities are included in the
planning process.
• Governance perspective: The governance perspective on local planning
emphasizes the importance of effective and accountable governance structures
and processes. This may involve strengthening local institutions, improving
transparency and accountability, and promoting citizen participation and oversight.
The steps of local planning process can vary depending on the specific context and the nature of the
plan being developed. However, in general, the following are common steps that are involved in the
local planning process:
• Identification of the need for planning: This involves assessing the current situation and identifying
the need for a specific plan or strategy. This can be done through a needs assessment, stakeholder
consultation, or other research methods.
• Setting the objectives: Once the need for planning is identified, the next step is to set the objectives
of the plan. This involves determining what the plan intends to achieve and the goals it aims to
accomplish.
• Stakeholder consultation: Stakeholder consultation is an important part of the planning process, as
it involves engaging with different groups and individuals who are affected by the plan. This can
help to identify concerns, needs, and priorities of different stakeholders, and ensure that the plan is
inclusive and reflects the needs of the community.
• Data gathering and analysis: This involves gathering and analyzing relevant data and information to
inform the development of the plan. This can include demographic data, economic data,
environmental data, and other relevant information.
• Development of the plan: Based on the objectives, stakeholder consultation, and data analysis, the
plan is developed. This involves outlining the goals, strategies, and actions needed to achieve the
objectives.
• Adoption of the plan: Once the plan is developed, it needs to be adopted by the relevant
authorities or decision-makers. This involves seeking approval from relevant stakeholders, such as
local councils, and obtaining any necessary funding.
• Implementation of the plan: After the plan is adopted, it needs to be implemented. This involves
putting the strategies and actions outlined in the plan into action. This may require collaboration
and coordination between different stakeholders.
• Monitoring and evaluation: Finally, it is important to monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the
plan. This involves tracking progress towards the objectives, assessing the impact of the plan, and
identifying any necessary adjustments or changes.
 k[i7e"ld
 :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$n] ufpFkflnsf tyf gu/kflnsfn] cfˆgf]
clwsf/If]q leqsf] ljifodf :yfgLo :t/sf] ljsf;sf] nflu cfjlws, jflif{s,
/0fgLlts / ljifo If]qut dWodsfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg of]hgf agfO लागू ug{'kg]{
Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
 To:t} cGt/ ;/sf/L ljQ Joj:yfkg P]g, @)&$ n] ;d]t :yfgLo txn] ;fj{hlgs
vr{sf] cg'dflgt ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, dWodsfnLg vr{ ;+/rgf tof/ ug]{ / cfo–
Joosf] k|If]k0f ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
 :yfgLo txn] /fli6«o tyf k|fb]lzs bL3{sfnLg ;f]r, cfjlws of]hgf / If]qut
k|fyldstf cg's"n :yfgLo bL3{sfnLg ;f]r tyf k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df :yfgLo
cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ug'{kb{5 .
 cfjlws of]hgfn] lnPsf nIo tyf p2]Zo xfl;n ug{ dWodsfnLg vr{ ;+/rgfn]
k|fyldstfsf If]qdf ;|f]t ;fwgsf] k|efjsf/L ljlgof]hg, kl/rfng / ljQLo
cg'zf;g sfod u/L jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th'{df ug{dfu{bz{g ub{5 .
of]hgfsf] cjwf/0ff
 of]hgf th'{df ljsf; gLltnfO{ k|efjsf/L ¿kdf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;xof]u ug{]k|lqmof
xf]. of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofsf] lgisif{sf] ¿kdf tof/ x'g] ljsf;sf] dfu{lrq of]hgf
xf]. of]hgf Ps rqmsf] ¿kdf lg/Gt/ rln/xg] k|lqmof xf].
 o; cGtu{t cfjZostfsf] klxrfg, of]hgf th'{df,sfof{Gjog, cg'udg tyf
;'k/Lj]If0f, ;dLIff, d"NofÍg tyf l;sfOsf r/0fx¿ /x]sf x'G5g\.
 eljiodf xfl;n ug{] nIo tyf p2]Zo jf ck]lIft glthfnfO{ kl/eflift u/L To;sf nflu
lnOg] /0fgLlt, gLlt, sfo{qmd, k|fyldstf / >f]t ;fwgsf] ;dli6ut :j¿k g} of]hgf xf].
 of]hgfn] ljutsf cg'ejaf6 k|fKt 1fg / ;"rgfsf] pkof]u u/L eljiosf] l:ylt /
kl/j]zsf] cfsng ub{} OlR5t kl/jt{gsf] dfu{lrq tof/ ub{5 .
 Jojxfl/s / glhtfd"ns of]hgf tof/ ug{ ;fGble{s ;"rgf, ;/f]sf/jfnf;Fu k/fdz{,
j:t'l:yltsf] ljZn]if0f, sfof{Gjog of]hgf, cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg of]hgf / k'g/fjnf]sg
h:tf ljifox¿ ;d]6\g'kb{5 .
 of]hgfM ljsf; k|lqmofnfO{ dfu{bz{g ug]{ ;f]r, nIo, p2]Zo, gLlt, /0fgLlt, sfo{qmd, cfof]hgf /
lqmofsnfksf] ;dli6ut :j¿kÙ ƒ
 sfo{qmdM s'g} of]hgf cGtu{tsf ljleGg ljifoIf]q;Fu ;DalGwt cfof]hgf, sfo{k4lt / ;]jfx¿sf]
PsLs[t ;d"xÙ ƒ
 cfof]hgfM tf]lsPsf] ah]6 / ;do ;Ldfleq tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ lglb{i6 ul/Psf]
cGt/ ;DalGwt / ;dGjofTds sfo{x¿sf] ;d"xÙ
 lqmofsnfkM cfof]hgf jf sfo{qmdsf] k|ltkmn k|fKt ug{ lgwf{/0f ul/Psf cGt/;DalGwt /
;dGjofTds 5'§f5'§} sfo{x¿ .
of]hgfsf] cfjZostf / cf}lrTo
ƒ ;Lldt ;|f]t ;fwgnfO{ k|fyldstf k|fKt If]qdf pkof]u ug{Ù
 ;fdflhs tyf cfly{s ljsf;df tLj|tf NofpgÙ
 ljutsf] pknlAw / ult ;dLIff ub}{ cfufdL lbgsf] glthf cfsng ug{Ù
 glthfd'vL ljsf; k4ltsf] cjnDjg / k|j4{g ug{Ù
 ljsf; k|lqmofdf ;/f]sf/jfnf ljz]if u/L hf]lvddf /x]sf ju{sf] ;+nUgtf /
hjfkmb]xL j[l4 ug{Ù
 ;dfhnfO{ ljsf; / ;d[l4tkm{ cu|;/ u/fpgÙ
 ljkb\ hf]lvd ;+j]bgzLntf tyf pTyfgzLntfnfO{ ljsf; k|lqmofsf]
d"nk|jfxdf NofpgÙ
 gful/sx¿sf] ljZjf; clej[l4 ug{Ù
 :yfgLo cfly{s ljsf;sf] dfWodaf6 :yfgLo hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df ;'wf/
NofpgÙ
 n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6sf] dfWodaf6 ;fdflhs ?kfGt/0f Nofpg
of]hgfsf] k|sf/
ef}uf]lns -Geographical_/ :yfgut -Spatial_ b[li6n] th'{df ul/g] of]hgfx¿ b]xfocg';f/ /x]sf 5g\M
s= /fli6«o cfjlws of]hgf (National Periodic Plan)
 g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]qleq /x]sf] ljifo / If]qमा;
 b]zsf] ;du| cfly{s ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu;
 /fli6«o:t/sf cfly{s / ;fdflhs gLlt, 7"nf cfof]hgf, /fli6«o cfof]hgf, cGt/ k|b]z hf]8\g] cfof]hgf
OToflb ljifo;
 lj=;+= @)!# ;fnb]lv
v= k|fb]lzs cfjlws of]hgf (Provincial Periodic Plan)
 k|b]z ;/sf/n] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]qleq /x]sf] ljifo / If]q;
 cf–cfˆgf] k|b]zsf] cfly{s Pjd\ ;fdflhs ljsf;sf] nflu;
 k|b]z :t/sf cfly{s–;fdflhs gLlt, k|b]z:t/Lo cfof]hgf, cfˆgf] k|b]zleqsf b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L :yfgLo
txnfO{ ;d]6\gl] jsf; cfof]hgf OToflb ljifo;
 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] /fli6«o of]hgf;Fu tfbfTDotf
u= :yfgLo txsf]cfjlws of]hgf (Local Level Periodic Plan)
 :yfgLo txn] cfˆgf] clwsf/If]q leq /x]sf ljifo / If]q
 :yfgLo txsf] ljlzi6tf, ;Defjgf, cj;/ / cfjZostf klxrfg u/L bL3{sfnLg ;f]r;lxt cfly{s
;fdflhs ljsf; / jftfj/0fLo ;Gt'ng sfod ug{ :yfgLo txn]cfjlws of]hgf th{'df
 g]kfn ;/sf/ / ;DalGwt k|b]z ;/sf/sf] cfjlws of]hgf;Fu klg tfbfTDotf sfod
;do cjlwsf b[li6sf]0fn] ljsf; of]hgf d'VotM tLg k|sf/sf x'G5g\.
s= bL3{sfnLg of]hgf/;f]r (Long Term Plan/Vision)
 ;fdfGotM !% b]lv @% jif{;Dd (of]hgf sfof{Gjog u/]kl5 ljsf;sf] cj:yf s:tf]x'g],
hgtfsf] cfo:t/,hLjg:t/ / pgLx¿n] k|fKt ug{];]jf ;'ljwfsf] cj:yf s]s:tf ]x'g], tL
kIfx¿sf]cfsng)
 g]kfn ;/sf/n] bL3{sfnLg of]hgfsf] ¿kdf bL3{sfnLg ;f]r @!))
 of]hgfdf bL3{sfnLg ;f]r, /fli6«o nIo, /0fgLlt, k|d'v ;Djfxs, ;xof]uL If]q,
bL3{sfnLg ;f]rsf] kl/b[Zo tyf kl/df0ffTds nIo /ljifout ;f]r h:tf ljifoj:t'x¿
;dfj]z
v= dWodsfnLg of]hgf (Medium Term Plan)
 ;fdfGotM# b]lv & jif{cjlwleq nIo k|fKt ug{]u/L th{'df
 bL3{sfnLg of]hgfsf] nIo Pjd\ p2]Zo k|fKt ug{ ;f] of]hgfsf] cjwf/0ff / nIo cg'?k
u= cNksfnLg of]hgf/jflif{s of]hgf (Annual Plan)
 Ps jif{sf]cjlwsf nflu th{'df u/L sfof{Gjog
 dWodsfnLg of]hgfdf plNnlvt p2]Zo Pjd \nIox¿ xfl;n ug{th{'df (dWodsfnLg
vr{ ;+/rgf;Fu tfbfTDotf /fvL ;Fu;Fu})
 :yfgLo txsf] of]hgf th'{Dff ;DaGwL ;+jw} flgs, gLltut
/ sfg"gL Joj:yf
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg, ;ª\3Lo, k|fb]lzs tyf :yfgLo gLlt tyf sfg"gx¿ :yfgLo txsf] of]hgf
th'{dfsf k|d'v cfwf/x¿ x'g\. :yfgLo txsf] of]hgf;Fu ;DalGwt ;+j}wflgs, gLltut tyf
sfg"gL Joj:yfsf] ;+lIfKt ljj/0f b]xfocg';f/ /x]sf] 5 M
g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfg
 wf/f %( df ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]qleqsf] cfly{s clwsf/
;DaGwL ljifodf of]hgf tof/ ug]{ Joj:yf
 ;+ljwfgsf] cg';"rL * / ( n] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] clwsf/ If]q ;lxt df}lns xs, /fHosf
lgb]{zs l;4fGt, gLlt tyf bfloTjdf ;d]l6Psf ljifox¿ :yfgLo txsf] of]hgf th'{dfsf
cfwf/x¿
:yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$
 ufpFkflnsf/gu/kflnsfn] cfˆgf] clwsf/ If]qsf ljifodf cfjlws, jflif{s, /0fgLlts ljifo
If]qut dWodsfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg ljsf; of]hgf agfO nfu" ug'{kg]{ sfg"gL Joj:yf
 of]hgf th'{df ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] gLlt, nIo, p2]Zo, ;do;Ldf /
k|lqmof;Fu cg's"n x'g]u/L ;'zf;g, jftfj/0f, afnd}qL, hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng, :yfgLo
cfly{s ljsf;, ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / Joj:yfkg, n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f
h:tf cGt/;DalGwt ljifox¿nfO{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf
cGt/;/sf/L ljQ Joj:yfkg P]g, @)&$
 :yfgLo txn] ;fj{hlgs vr{sf] cg'dflgt ljj/0f tof/ ug]{, dWodsfnLg vr{ ;+/rgf tof/ ug]{, vr{sf]
cfjZostfsf] k|If]k0f ug]{, /fh:jsf] k|If]k0f tof/ ug]{ / ljQLo cg'zf;g sfod ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf
 ;ª\3 / k|b]zn] :yfgLo txsf] vr{sf] cfjZostf / /fh:j Ifdtfsf] cfwf/df ;dfgLs/0f cg'bfg, ;ª\3;
k|b]z jf :yfgLo txsf] s'g} of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ ;zt{ cg'bfg; :yfgLo txsf] k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ;DaGwL
cfof]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ :yfgLo tx;Fu nfut ;fem]bf/Lsf nflu ;dk"/s cg'bfg / s'g} p2]Zo k|fKt ug{
vf; cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmd ;~rfng sf]nflu ljz]if cg'bfg nufot cGt/;/sf/L ljQLo x:TffGt/0f
;DaGwL Joj:yf
 g]kfn ;/sf/, k|b]z ;/sf/ / :yfgLo txn] /fli6«o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]un]l;kmfl/; u/]sf]
;Ldfleq /xL cfGtl/s C0f lng ;Sg] Joj:yf (t/ C0f lng'cl3 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] :jLs[lt lng'kg]{
Joj:yf)
/fli6«o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g, @)&$
 :yfgLo txn] of]hgf th'{df ubf{ /fli6«o k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQ cfof]u P]g, @)&$ df Joj:yf
ePadf]lhd k|fs[lts ;|ft] sf] kl/rfngsf cfwf/,/fh:j afF8kmfF6sf cfwf/, cGt/ ;/sf/L ljQLo
x:TffGt/0fsf cfwf/ nufotsf k|fjwfg cg'¿k cfof]un] ;do–;dodf u/]sf l;kmfl/;nfO{ Wofgdf /fvL
;|f]t ;fwgsf] cg'dfg / k|If]k0f
 cGt/;/sf/L ljQLo x:TffGt/0f dfkm{t g]kfn ;/sf/ / k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] ;dfgLs/0f, ;zt{,
;dk"/s cg'bfg / ljz]if cg'bfg / :yfgLo txsf] s/ tyf u}/ s/af6 k|fKt x'g] cfo :yfgLo txsf]of]hgf
th'{dfsf] k|d'v ljQLo ;|f]t
cfly{s sfo{ljlw tyf ljQLo pQ/bfloTj P]g, @)&^ / lgodfjnL, @)&&
 bkmf & df /fli6«o ;|f]t cg'dfg ;ldltn] cfufdL tLg cfly{s jif{sf] nflu ;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txsf]
;d]t s'n /fli6«o ;|f]t cg'dfg ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf
 ufpFkflnsf/gu/kflnsfn] tLg cfly{s jif{sf] ;|f]t cg'dfg u/L dWodsfnLg vr{;+/rgf tof/ ug{'cfjZos
(cfly{s cg'zf;g, sfof{Gjog Ifdtf, ljlgof]hg s'zntf / ;dli6ut cfly{s :yfloTj sfod x'g]u/L
;dli6ut ljQ vfsf, glthf vfsf / ah]6 vfsf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]J{ oj:yf)
 lgodfjnLn] /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] k|b]z / :yfgLo txdf cfof]hgf a}Ísf] :yfkgf (cfof]hgfsf] klxrfg,
d"NofÍg, 5gf}6 / k|fyldsLs/0f ug{ cfjZos ;xhLs/0f)
;ª\3, k|b]z / :yfgLo txaLrsf] ;dGjo / cGt/;DaGw ;DaGwL P]g, @)&&
 kl/R5]b # sf] bkmf !# df /fli6«o:t/ jf dxTjsf cfof]hgf, Ps eGbf a9L k|b]zdf sfof{Gjog ug'{kg]{
cfof]hgf / hl6n k|fljlws Ifdtf / 7"nf]nufgL cfjZos kg]{ cfof]hgfsf] th'{df ;ª\3n] ug]{
 k|b]zleq kg]{ / k|b]zaf6 sfof{Gjog x'g] cfof]hgfsf] th'{df k|b]z ;/sf/n] ug]{ ( :yfgLo tx पनि सोही )
 :yfgLo txn] cfof]hgf th'{df, ah]6 Joj:yf / sfof{Gjog ubf{ ;ª\3Lo sfg"gn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf]
dfkb08sf ]cfwf/df ug'{kg]{ tyf :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/ ;"RfL / sfo{lhDd]jf/Ldf kg]{ ljifodf gLlt, sfg"g tyf
of]hgf th'{df / sfof{Gjog ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] cfjZos ;xof]u ug{'kg]{ Joj:yf
 bkmf * df :yfgLo txsf] Psn jf ;femf clwsf/df /x]sf] s'g} ljifo;Fu ;DalGwt s'g} k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgf
lgdf{0f jf cGo s'g} kl/of]hgf b'O{ jf b'O{eGbf a9L :yfgLo txn] sfg"g agfO ;+o'Qm ¿kdf sfof{Gjog jf
;~rfng ug{;Sg]Joj:yf
 bkmf @@ df ;ª\3 / k|b]zsf ;DalGwt ljifosf] dGqfno tyf :yfgLo txaLrdf ;dGjo sfod गर्न ljifout
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkg P]g, @)&$
 :yfgLo ljkb\ Joj:yfkg of]hgf th'{df, :yfgLo ljkb\ Joj:yfkg ;ldlt u7g ug'{kg]{
Joj:yf
 ;ldltn] ef}lts ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ubf{ /fli6«o ejg;+lxtf nufot :jLs[t lgb]{lzsf /
dfkb08 kfngf u/fpg], :yfgLo :t/df cfkt\sfnLg sfo{;~rfng s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf
ljBDffg /fli6«o, k|fb]lzs / :yfgLo gLlt
 /fli6«o e"pkof]u gLlt @)&@, ljsf; ;xfotf gLlt @)&^, lzIff tyf :jf:Yo, zx/L
ljsf;, s[lif, l;+rfO{, jg tyf jftfj/0f;Fu ;DalGwt gLltx¿
:yfgLo tx ;+:yfut Ifdtf :jd"NofÍg sfo{ljlw, @)&&
 ]!) ljifout If]qut cGtu{t !)) j6f ;du| cj:yf, k|lqmofut cj:yf / kl/df0ffTds
cj:yf bzf{pg] ;"rsx¿
k|b]z tyf :yfgLo txsf nflu n}lËs pQ/bfoL ah]6 gd"gf lgb]{lzsf, @)&&
 :yfgLo txdf ljlgof]hg ul/Psf sfo{qmd cGtu{tsf lqmofsnfkx¿sf] dlxnf
;zlQms/0f / n}lËs ;dfgtfdf ug]{ of]ubfgsf] cfwf/df juL{s/0f u/L ;fÍ]tLs/0f ug'{kg]{
Joj:yf
 of]hgf th'{df ubf{ lng'kg]{ cfwf/
bL3{sfnLg ;f]r, kGw|f}+ of]hgf / ljsf;zLn b]zdf :t/f]Ggltsf] /0fgLlt
 kGw|f}+ of]hgf : ;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt df}lns xs, /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGt / gLlt nufotsf Joj:yf,
lbuf] ljsf; nIo / cGt/f{li6«o k|ltj4tfx¿
 æbL3{sfnLg ;f]r @!))Æ: ]nIo, p2]Zo, /0fgLlt, k|fyldstf / ef}lts nIo;Fu tfbfTDotf
 ljsf;sf ;a} cfofddf s;}nfO{ klg kl5 g5f]8\g] k|lta4tf; lbuf] ljsf; nIonfO{ ;ª\3, k|b]z /
:yfgLo txsf] ljsf; of]hgfdf cfGtl/sLs/0f
 lj=;+= @)&( ;Dddf g]kfnnfO{ clt sd ljsl;t b]zaf6 ljsf;zLn b]zdf :t/f]Gglt[cfwf/x¿
qmdzM k|lt JolQm s'n /fli6«o cfo -Gross National Income-GNI_, dfgjLo ;fwg ;"rsfÍ -
HumanAssestsIndex-HAI_/ cfly{s ;Í6f;Gg6f ;"rsfÍ -Economic Vulnerbility
Index-EVI_
 lj=;+= @)*& ;Dddf dWod cfo ePsf] d'n'ssf] :t/df k'¥ofpg dfkb08
/fli6«o, k|fb]lzs / :yfgLo txsf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]r (cGtlg{lxt nIo, p2]Zo, /0fgLlt)
lbuf] ljsf; nIosf] cj:yf / dfu{lrq (Roadmap) @)!^–@)#)
 lbuf]ljsf;sf !& j6f nIo, !^( j6f kl/df0ffTds nIo / ljZjJofkL ;lxt g]kfnn] to u/]sf
hDdf $&( ;"rsx¿
/fli6«o cleofg tyf cGo cGt/ ;DalGwt ljifox¿
 :yfgLo of]hgf th{'df ubf{ /fli6«o cleofgx¿, g]kfn kIf eO{ x:tfIf/ u/]sf cGt/f{li6«o cle;GwL,
;Demf}tf / k|lta4tf
 ljkb\hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f /fli6«o /0fgLlts of]hgf -@)!*–@)#)_ / hnjfo'kl/jt{g /fli6«o cg's"ng
of]hgf @)!*
/fli6«o tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] dfu{lgb]{zg
 g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf gLlt, of]hgf / jflif{s ah]6;Fu :yfgLo of]hgfsf] ;fd~h:otf
sfod
;dk"/s tyf ljz]if cg'bfg / ;xnufgL ;DaGwL sfo{ljlw
 cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmd klxrfg u/L /fli6«o cfof]hgf a}Ídf ;dfj]z (cfjlws of]hgf, dWodsfnLg
vr{ ;+/rgf th'{Dff tyf :yfgLo cfof]hgf a}Í tof/ पश्चात )
:yfgLo txsf] k|d'v ;d:of / ;Defjgf
 k|d'v ;d:ofx¿ klxrfg tyf ljZn]if0f; ;d:of ;dfwfg pkfox¿;
 ljsf;sf nflu ;Defjgf\, pknAw x'g;Sg] ;|f]t ;fwg ltgsf] pkof]u s;/L ug{ ;lsG5
 g]kfn ;/sf/ / k|b]z ;/sf/n] k'¥ofpg'kg]{ ;xof]u s] s] x'g\,
 ljutsf of]hgfsf] j:t'l:yltsf] klg ljZn]if0f
:yfgLo ;/sf/df ;xefuL /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] 3f]if0ffkq
 :yfgLo txn] th'{df ug'{kg]{ of]hgfx¿ aLrsf] cGt/;DaGw
 :yfgLo txn] cfjlws of]hgf, ljifo If]qut /0fgLlts of]hgf tyf u'?of]hgf, cfof]hgf a}+Í, dWodsfnLg
vr{ ;+/rgf / jflif{s ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th'{Dff ug'{kb{5 .
 o; k|sf/sf of]hgf th'{df ubf{ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf k|b]z ;/sf/sf] gLlt, nIo, p2]Zo, ;do;Ldf /
k|lqmof;Fu cg's"n x'g]u/L ;'zf;g, jftfj/0f / afnd}qL, hnjfo' kl/jt{g cg's"ng, ljkb\ Joj:yfkg, n}lËs
tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f h:tf cGt/;DalGwt ljifox¿nfO{ Wofg lbg'kb{5 .
:yfgLo cfjlws of]hgf
 k[i7e"ld
 of]hgfj4 ljsf; : ;Gt'lnt, lbuf] / ;dGoflos ljsf;sf] cfwf/
 cfjlws of]hgfn] :yfgLo txsf] ljsf; k|of;x¿nfO{ lglb{i6 lbzf k|bfg ug]{ Jojl:yt
¿k/]vf tof/
 :yfgLo hgtf / :yfgLo:t/sf] cfly{s, ;fdflhs, ef}uf]lns kl/j]zaLrdf cGt/;DaGw
sfod u/L gful/ssf] cfly{s ;fdflhs ;'ljwf / ;d[l4nfO{ k|j4{g
 pQm If]qsf] ;'Gb/tf, k|s[ltsf] ;+/If0f tyf dfgj / k|s[lt aLrsf] tfnd]nsf] ¿k/]vf
 /fli6«o Pjd\ k|fb]lzs ljsf; nIo xfl;n ug{ tyf :yfgLo ljsf;sf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf]
;femf k|ltj4tf / bfloTj l;h{gf
 :yfgLo cfjZostf ;Daf]wg ub}{ hgtfsf] hLjg:t/df u'0ffTds ;'wf/ ug{ :yfgLo
;Defjgf tyf ;d:of klxrfg; :yfgLo txsf] e"uf]n, cfly{s / ;fdflhs kl/j]z, Oltxf;,
d"NodfGotf tyf ;+:s[ltsf] kof{Kt ljZn]if0f
 >f]t ljZn]if0f, pko'Qm /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLlt tof/ u/L /0fgLlts sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgf
klxrfg ug]{ / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog Pjd\ cg'udg tyf d"NofÍgsf] :ki6 vfsf ;d]t tof/
 dWodsfnLg vr{ ;+/rgf tyf jflif{s of]hgf th'{dfsf] d"n cfwf/
 of]hgf cg'zf;g sfod /fVg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf
 cfjlws of]hgfsf] p2]Zo
 :yfgLo txsf] of]hgfa4 ljsf; k|of; / k|lqmofnfO {dfu{bz{g
 of]hgfa4, glthfd"ns, ;dfj]zL / pTyfgzLn ljsf;sf nflu
:yfgLo txsf ultljlwnfO{ lglb{i6 nIo xfl;n ug]{ lbzftkm{
lgb]{lzt ug'{Ù
 :yfgLo ljsf;sf ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿df ljsf; k|of; / pknlAwdf
;femf k|ltj4tf / pQ/bfloTj l;h{gf ug'{Ù
 ljsf;sf] /fli6«o tyf k|fb]lzs nIo / k|fyldstf;Fu :yfgLo
ljsf;sf] tfbfTDo sfod ug'{Ù
 ;xeflutfd"ns ljlwsf dfWodaf6 ljsf; k|of;nfO{ dfu{bz{g ug]{
/ ck]lIft glthf xfl;n ug]{ u/L :yfgLo ljsf;sf] k|f¿k tof/
ug'{Ù
 glthfdf cfwfl/t :yfgLo ljsf;nfO{ k|j4{g ug'{
 cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ubf{ Wofg lbg'kg]{ ljifo
 g]kfnsf] ;+ljwfgdf plNnlvt df}lns xs, /fHosf lgb]{zs l;4fGt / gLlt, :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/ ;"rLÙ
 :yfgLo ;/sf/ ;~rfng P]g, @)&$ n] u/]sf Joj:yf / k|fyldstfdf /fVg'kg]{ ljifox¿Ù
 /fh:j afF8kmfF6 tyf /f]oN6L, cGt/ ;/sf/L ljQLo x:tfGt/0f, j}bl] zs ;xfotf tyf cfGtl/s C0f;DaGwL
k|fjwfgx¿Ù
 ;ª\3Lo cfjlws of]hgf, ljifout /0fgLlts of]hgf tyf gLlt / /0fgLltx¿sf ;fy} k|fb]lzs of]hgfx¿sf]
nIo, p2]Zo / k|fyldstf
 cGt/ tx ;xsfo{ / ;dGjo ;fy} l5d]sL :yfgLo txsf cfjlws of]hgfsf] ;fd~h:otfÙ
 ;fdflhs ;+/If0f, lbuf]ljsf;, hnjfo'kl/jt{g cg's"ng / ljkb\hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf Joj:yfkg, vfB tyf
kf]if0f ;'/Iff, n}lËs ;zQmLs/0f / ;dfj]zL ljsf;, ;+/If0f, afnd}qL :yfgLo zf;g, jftfj/0fd}qL :yfgLo
zf;g, k"0f{;/;kmfO cleofg h:tf cleofgd"ns ljsf; pknlAw;Fu cGt/;DalGwt ljifox¿Ù
 :yfgLo ljlzi6tf adf]lhd lbuf] ljsf; nIo;Fu ;DalGwt ;"rsx¿ xfl;n ug{ ;dfj]z ug'{kg]l{ jifox¿Ù
 n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;dfj]zL ljsf;sf nflu dlxnf, afnaflnsf, ckfËtf ePsf JolQm, Ho]i7 gful/s,
k5fl8 k/]sf tyf ;LdfGts[t ju{, ;d'bfo -LGBTQIA ;d]t_ nfO{ k|ToIf nfe k'Ug] sfo{;Fu ;DalGwt
ljifox¿,
 tYodf cfwfl/t of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof tyf ck]lIft glthfÙ
 :yfgLo tx ;+:yfut Ifdtf :jd"NofÍg sfo{ljlw, @)&& n] lglb{i6 u/]sf If]qx¿Ù
 :yfgLo tx ljQLo ;'zf;g hf]lvd d"NofÍg sfo{ljlw, @)&& n] lglb{i6 u/]sf ;"rsx¿Ù
 ;+:yfut ;+oGq
cfjlws of]hgf th'{df lgb]{zs ;ldlt
cfjlws of]hgf th'{dfsf] ;du| k|lqmofnfO{ lgb]{zg / ;dGjo ug{ b]xfoadf]lhsf] Ps lgb]{zs ;ldltsf] u7g
cWoIf jf k|d'v – ;+of]hs
pkfWoIf jf pkk|d'v – pk–;+of]hs
ljifout ;ldltsf ;+of]hsx¿ – ;b:o
sfo{kflnsfsf ;a} ;b:ox¿ – ;b:o
ljifout dxfzfvf÷zfvf k|d'vx¿ – ;b:o
;+of]hsn] tf]ss ] f] slDtdf ! hgf dlxnf;d]t
lghL If]q, u};; tyf :yfgLo ljifo lj1 # hgf – ;b:o
k|d'v k|zf;sLo clws[t – ;b:o ;lrj
sfo{÷lhDd]jf/L
 g]kfn ;/sf/af6 pknAw ufpF÷gu/ j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/L / of]hgf th'{df lbUbz{g adf]lhdsf]
k|f]kmfOn tof/L tyf cfjlws of]hgf th'{dfsf] 9fFrf / cf}hf/ :jLs[t ug]{Ù
 j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/L / cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwL cfjZos lg0f{ox¿ ug]{Ù
 cfjlws of]hgf th'{dfsf nflu ljifout ;ldltnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg], kl/dfh{g ug{], a}7s cfof]hgf tyf
k/fdz{
 cfjlws of]hgf lgdf{0fsf] sfo{zt{df ;}4flGts ;xdlt / of]hgf lgdf{0fdf ;+nUg k|fljlws l6dsf] ;+/rgf
:jLs[lt ug]{.
ljifo If]qut ;ldlt
-ƒcfly{s ljsf; - ;fdflhs ljsf; - k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ƒ
-jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\Joj:yfkg ƒ- ;'zf;g tyf ;+:yfut ljsf;
 jflif{s of]hgf, ah]6 tyf sfo{qmd th'{dfsf] lgldQ ul7t ljifout ;ldltx¿n] g} cfjlws
of]hgf th'{df sfo{sf nflu ljifout ;ldltsf]¿kdf sfo{ug'{kg]{5
 विifout ;ldltsf] ;+/rgf b]xfo adf]lhd x'g]5M
sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] sfo{kflnsfsf ;b:o –;+of]hs
sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] ufpF÷gu/ ;efsf dlxnf, blnt jf cNk;ª\Vos ;b:o;d]t # hgf – ;b:o
sfo{kflnsfn] tf]s]sf] ;DalGwt ljifo If]qsf] dxfzfvf÷zfvf k|d'v – ;b:o ;lrj
cfjlws of]hgf th'{df k|lqmofdf ljifout ;ldltsf] lhDd]jf/L b]xfocg';f/ x'g]5 M
 ljifo If]qut cfwf//]vf ;"rgf tof/ ug]{Ù
 ljifo If]q j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0f u/L ljj/0f tof/ ug]{Ù
 j8f:t/, nlIft ;d"x tyf :yfgLo lj1;Fu k/fdz{Ù ;d"x 5nkmn ug]{Ù
 ljifo If]qut ¿kdf k|d'v cfof]hgf/sfo{qmd th'{df ug]{Ù /0fgLlt tyf sfo{gLltsf] d:of}bf tof/
ug]{Ù ck]lIft pknlAw tyf glthf vfsf tof/ ug]{Ù ef}lts nIo lgwf{/0f u/L cfjZos ;|f]t
cg'dfg tyf k|If]k0f ug]{Ù of]hgf b:Tffj]h tof/Ldf k|fljlws ;xof]u 6f]nLnfO{;xof]u ug]{
;+of]hg tyf ;xhLs/0f ;ldlt
 cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwL sfo{zfnf Joj:yfkg, ;~rfng / ;xhLs/0f tyf of]hgf
th'{Dff sfo{zfnfsf] 5nkmn lgisif{ tyf pknlAwx¿nfO{ clen]vLs/0f u/L cfjlws
of]hgfsf] b:Tffj]h lnlka4 ug{ lgb]{zs ;ldltn] tf]s]sf] ;ldltsf] ;b:osf] ;+of]hsTjdf
cfjZostf cg';f/ cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ;+of]hg tyf ;xhLs/0f ;ldlt u7g ug{
;lsg]5 .
 ;ldltsf] sfo{÷lhDd]jf/L b]xfocg';f/ x'g]5 M–
-s_ ljB'tLo k|0ffnL tyf cGo dfWodaf6 ;"rgf ;Íng tyf ljZn]if0f u/L j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f
tof/ tyf cBfjlws ug]{Ù
-v_ ljifo If]qut ¿kdf tYofÍ ljZn]if0f u/L cfwf//]vf -Baseline_ ;"rgf tof/ ug]{Ù
-u_ cfjlws of]hgf th'{Dff ;DaGwL sfo{zfnf uf]i7L cfof]hgf, ;~rfng / ;xhLs/0f ug]{Ù
-3_ sfo{zfnf uf]i7L, 5nkmn tyf k/fdz{ uf]i7Lsf] lgisif{ tyf pknlAwsf] clen]vLs/0f ug]{Ù
ª_ ljifout dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf sd{rf/L jf k/fdz{ nfO{ cfjlws of]hgf b:tfj]h n]vgsf]
Joj:yf ug]{Ù
-r_ cfjlws of]hgf b:Tffj]h tof/ ug{ ;xof]u / ;xhLs/0f ug]{.
 cfjlws of]hgf th'{df sfo{tflnsf tyf lhDd]jf/L
(cfjlws of]hgf tof/L, ljZn]if0f, of]hgf th'{Dff / :jLs[lt u/L rf/ r/0fdf kGw| sfo{x¿)
 cfjlws of]hgf th'{df k|lqmof
१) तयारी चरण
१.१ cled'vLs/0f tyf tof/L sfo{zfnf
 cfjlws of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwdf :yfgLo ljsf;sf ;/f]sf/jfnf dfem ;dfg a'emfO sfod
ug{ Ps lbj;Lo cled'vLs/0f tyf tof/L sfo{zfnf
 sfo{zfnfdf ufpF÷gu/sfo{kflnsfsf kbflwsf/L, sfof{nosf sd{rf/L, ljifout
dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf k|d'v, nlIft ju{ ;~hfnsf k|ltlglw, Joj;flos ;+3÷;+:yfsf k|ltlglw,
;xsf/L, gful/s ;dfh, :yfgLo k|a'4 JolQm, /fhgLlts bnsf :yfgLo k|d'v÷k|ltlglw
tyf u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfsf k|ltlglw nufotsf ;xeflutf
 of]hgf th'{df 9fFrf, k|lqmof tyf lhDd]jf/L ;DaGwL :ki6tf / cfjlws of]hgf th'{dfsf]
sfo{of]hgf :jLs[t
१.२ ljsf;sf] ljBdfg l:ylt tyf pknlAwsf] ;dLIff
 ljsf; pknlAwsf] k|ult ljj/0f, pknAw ;"rgf tyf ;xeflutfd"ns 5nkmnsf cfwf/df
ut cfjlws of]hgfsf ]sfof{Gjogaf6 xfl;n ePsf pknlAwnfO{ ljifo If]qut ¿kdf
;+lIfKt ¿kdf ;dLIff (xfl;n ePsf pknlAwsf] ljj/0f u'0ffTds tyf kl/df0ffTds ¿kdf
pknAw ;"rgfsf cfwf/df k'li6 x'g]u/L k|:t't)
 ljutdf cfjlws of]hgf th'{df gePsf] cj:yfdf :yfgLo tx u7g kZrft\ePsf k|d'v
pknlAwx¿sf] ;dLIff ;dfj]z ug'{ pko'Qm
२. विश्लेषणको चरण
२.१ tYofÍ ;Íng, k|zf]wg / ljZn]if0f
 ufpF÷gu/ j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/L sfo{ljlw, @)&% cg';f/sf] 9fFrfdf :yfgLo ljlzi6tf tyf cfjZostf cg'¿k
k|fylds tyf låtLo >f]taf6 tYofÍ ;Íng
 k|fylds >f]taf6 tYofÍ ;Íngsf nflu 3/kl/jf/ ;e]{If0f, ;xeflutfd"ns 5nkmn, gS;fÍg tyf hfgsf/ JolQm
cGtjf{tf{cflb ljlwsf]pkof]u
 låtLo >f]taf6 tYofÍ ;Íngsf nflu ;+:yfut ;e]{If0f tyf b:tfj]h cWoog
 hnjfo' hf]lvd;Fu ;DalGwt ljifox¿; n}lËs tyf ;fdflhs ¿kn] v08Ls[t tYofÍ pknAw x'g] ;"rs
 u'0ffTds tYofÍnfO{ ljj/0ffTds tyf tfls{s ¿kdf / kl/df0ffTds tYofÍnfO{ ul0ftLo tyf tYofÍzf:qLo ljlwsf]
pkof]u u/L ljZn]if0f -Local Government Profile Information Managemnt System Or Digital Profile) =
tof/ ePsf] ljifout If]qsf] ;"rgfnfO{ of]hgfsf] cfwf//]vf ;"rgfsf] ¿kdf k|of]u
 ;Dej eP;Dd pknAw tYofÍnfO{ b'O{ ;dofjlwsf] k|b]z / /fli6«o tYofÍ;Fu t'ngf
२.२ cfwf/ gS;f -Basemap_ tof/L
 hldgdf e"w/ftnLo :j¿k, e"–pkof]u / e":j¿kdf kl/jt{gsf] cj:yf, hf]lvd tyf ;+jb] gzLn e"If]qx¿, cfly{s tyf
;fdflhs / ;+/rgfsf] cjl:ylt, k"jf{wf/ ;+/rgfsf] cjl:ylt, a:tL ljsf;, k|fs[lts >f]t ;fwgsf] pknAwtf /
pkof]usf] cj:yf, hf]lvdo'Qm k"jf{wf/ / j:tLx¿ nufotsf ljifox¿sf] ljBdfg cj:yfnfO{ gSzfdf lrq0f
 oxL cfwf/ gSzfsf] cfwf/df ufpF÷gu/sf] cj:yf klxrfg u/L s'g ef}uf]lns tyf ljifout If]qdf s]slt kl/df0fdf
cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx¿ th'{df tyf sfof{Gjog ug]{ eGg] s'/fsf] olsg
 o:tf] gSzf agfpFbf ax'k|sf]k hf]lvd ljZn]if0f ;d]t
 6f]kf]u|flkmsn gSzf tyf u'un gS;f k|of]u u/L;xeflutfd"ns gS;fÍg k|lqmof cg';f/ ;fj{hlgs tyf ;fd'bflos ;|f]t,
k"jf{wf/, ;DklQ h:t}M jghËn, gbLgfnf, kf]v/L, ahf/ If]q, ;8s af6f] tyf k'n, ;fj{hlgs :yn, e"pkof]u, cf}Bf]lus
tyf hf]lvd ;+jb] gzLn If]qsf]cjl:ylt, klxrfg / ljj/0f ;Íng
 ;xeflutfd"ns gS;fÍg k|lqmofaf6 ;Ílnt ;"rgf tyf ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnLdf cfwfl/t gS;f
tof/ u/L ;f]sf]cfwf/df j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0f, cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmd :yfgut cjl:ylt lgwf{/0f / :yfgut gS;fÍg
२.३ j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0f
 j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tyf ;xeflutfd"ns 5nkmnsf dfWodaf6 ljifout ¿kdf ljBdfg ;Defjgf tyf cj;/ / ;d:of
tyf r'gf}tLsf] ljZn]if0f u/L k|:t't (ljifout If]qleqsf pkIf]qsf]cj:yf :ki6)
 b]xfocg';f/sf] 9fFrf k|of]u M–

२.४ j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/L tyf cBfjwLs/0f

 3/kl/jf/, ;+:yfut ;"rgf, ;xeflutfd"ns gSZffÍg ljlwaf6 ;Ílnt ;"rgf, cfwf/ gSzf / j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0faf6
k|fKt ;"rgf tyf ljj/0fsf] cfwf/df ljifo If]qut ¿kdf ufpF÷gu/kflnsfsf] oyfy{ cj:yf emlNsg] u/L j:t'l:ylt
ljZn]if0f ;lxtsf] j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f tof/L tyf cBfjlws/0f ug'{kb{5 .
 j:t'l:ylt ljj/0fnfO{ cfjlws of]hgf b:Tffj]hdf g/fvL 5'§} b:tfj]hsf]¿kdf tof/ ug'{kb{5 .
 ३. योजर्ा तजजनमा चरण

३.१ ;f]r, nIo, p2]Zo, /0fgLlt tyf k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f

 ;f]r
 bL3{sfnLg ;f]r = b"/b[li6 (eljio jf bL3{sfndf xfl;n ug{ rfx]sf] ljsf;sf] cfbz{ cj:yfsf] kl/sNkgf)
 cfjlws //0fgLlts of]hgfdf bL3{sfnLg ;f]r ;fdfGotM @)–#) jif{sf]nflu
 ljsf; ;Defjgf, ljz]iftf / :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] rfxgf / ck]Iff bzf{pg]; ljsf;sf] uGtJo klxrfg tyf to
 :ki6, cfsif{s, ;+If]kdf (!) zAbdf), अk"0f{ jfSo (klxnf] jfSof+zdf ;fWo / bf]>f] jfSof+zdf ;fwg)
 dlit:sdGyg, k/fdz{ / ;f]r lgwf{/0f sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] k|lqmofaf6
 æ;an cfly{s s]Gb|, ;d'Ggt a'6jnÆ
 nIo
 of]hgf cjlwdf of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 k|fKt x'g ;Sg] egL lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] ck]lIft glthf
 kl/df0ffTds / u'0ffTds ¿kdf sfof{Gjog / dfkg of]Uo
 of]hgf cjlwdf bL3{sfnLg ;f]rnfO{ d"t{¿k lbg lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] uGtAo (bL3{sfnLg ;f]r pGd'v)
 OlR5t clGtd glthf ;d]l6g]u/L ;s];Dd Ps jfSodf; :ki6 / dfkg of]Uo; hlxn]klg æg]Æ df 6'ª\Uofpg‘
 æ;f+:s[lts, xl/t, ;'Gb/ / ;d[4 zx/sf] ¿kdf :yfkgf ug]{Æ
 p2]Zo
 p2]Zo = of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 s] xfl;n x'G5?
 p2]Zo nIo k|flKtnfO{ 6]jf k'¥ofpg] / of]hgf cjlwdf xfl;n x'g] lsl;dsf]
 p2]Zo PseGbf a9L x'g ;Sb5g\; nIoeGbf aflx/ hfg'x'Fb}gÙ u'0ffTds / kl/df0ffTds ¿kdf dfkg ug{
;Dej
 cfjlws of]hgfsf] nIosf cfwf/df ljifo If]qut ¿kdf p2]Zo tof/
 ] nIo k|flKt ;DaGwL dWodsfnLg glthf ;d]6]sf]x'g'kb{5 Ùof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 xfl;n x'g] cj:yf jf
c;/sf] ¿kdf tof/
 p2]Zo tof/ ubf{ lbuf]ljsf; nIo, /fli6«o nIo, k|b]z nIo, :yfgLo of]hgfsf] nIo, ljifo If]qut gLlt,
nIo / k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df sfo{zfnfdf ;d"xut tyf a[xt\;d"x 5nkmn u/L tof/
 !=pTkfbg, /f]huf/L / cfodf ;dtfd"ns, u'0ffTds / lbuf] j[l4 ug'{Ù
२= ;]jf k|jfx, ljsf; pknlAw / hjfkmb]xLsf] :t/df u'0ffTds j[l4 ug'{ .
 /0fgLlt
 of]hgfsf] nIo tyf p2]Zo xfl;n ug{ ckgfpg' kg]{ pkfo÷tl/sf÷z}nL /0fgLlt
 ;fdfGotof nIo/k|fyldstfx¿ to ug]{, nIo k|fKt ug]{ sfo{x¿ lgwf{/0f ug]{ / lqmofsnfk sfof{Gjog ug{
cfjZos ;fwgx¿ kl/rfng ug]{ ljlw
 != t'ngfTds nfesf s[lif, ko{6g, pBf]u tyf Jofkf/ k|j4{g ug]{Ù
@= s[lif, kz'kIfL / jghGo pkhsf] Joj;foLs/0f, ljljwLs/0f / cf}Bf]uLs/0f ug]{Ù
 sfo{gLlt
 /0fgLltnfO{ s;/L sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;f]sf] sfo{of]hgf {/0fgLltsf] ;xfos lx:;f -Subset_}
 p2]Zo xfl;n ug{sf nflu ;~rfng ul/g]sfo{x¿sf] ;d"x -Set of Action_
३.२ kl/df0ffTds nIo lgwf{/0f
 /fli6«o/k|fb]lzs nIosf] cfwf/ lnO{ :yfgLotxsf] bL3{sfnLg ;f]r cg's"n :yfgLoljsf;sf] uGtJosf] ¿kdf
of]hgfsf] kl/df0ffTds nIo lgwf{/0f (SDG sf :yfgLotx ;DaGwL kl/df0ffTds nIo;Fu tfbfTDotf)
 kl/df0ffTds nIo cfjlws of]hgfsf] nIo tyf p2]Zo dfkgsf] ;"rssf] ¿kdf
 pbfx/0fM
३.३ ;+efJo ;|f]tsf] cg'dfg, k|If]k0f / If]qut afF8kmfF6
 cfGtl/s र afXo >f]taf6 k|fKt x'g ;Sg] cfo + lghL, u}/;/sf/L, ;xsf/L / ;d'bfo nufot ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfaf6
nufgL x'g ;Sg] ;|ft] x¿ = of]hgfdf pknAw x'g ;Sg] s'n ;|f]t
 ;|f]t cg'dfg tyf ah]6 ;Ldf lgwf{/0f ;ldltsf] ;xof]udf lgb]{zs ;ldltn]
 cfjlws of]hgfsf] nflu pknAw x'g] ;+efJo ;|ft] sf] k|If]k0f ubf{ b]xfosf] cfwf/df ug'{kb{5 M
• :yfgLo txsf] /fh:j clwsf/ If]qsf s/ / u}/ s/sf ;|f]taf6 ;Íng x'g] cfGtl/s cfo, /fh:j / /f]oN6
afF8kmfF6af6 k|fKt x'g] /sd, ;femf clwsf/ If]qsf k|b]z ;/sf/af6 afF8kmfF6 eO{ k|fKt x'g] /sd, cGt/ ;/sf/L
ljQLo x:tfGt/0f, cfGtl/s C0f, hg;xeflutf / cGo cg'bfg
• /fh:jsf] ;+efJotf cWoogsf cfwf/df /fh:j ;'wf/ sfo{of]hgf th'{Dff ul/Psf]df ;f] cg';f/; gePsf] cj:yfdf
:yfgLo txsf] /fh:j clwsf/ If]q cGtu{tsf k|To]s ;|f]tsf] cfwf/ klxrfg u/L tYofÍLo cfwf/, ut ljut
jif{x¿sf] cfosf] j[l4 b/sf] k|j[lQ, ;Demf}tfsf] cfwf/ / Psd'i6 ljlw nufotsf cfwf/df
• /fh:j afF8kmfF6af6 k|fKt x'g] /sd tyf cGt/;/sf/L ljQLo x:tfGt/0faf6 k|fKt x'g] ;|f]tsf] cg'dfg /fli6«o
k|fs[lts ;|f]t tyf ljQcfof]u, g]kfn ;/sf/sf] cy{dGqfno / k|b]z ;/sf/sf] cfly{s dfldnf tyf of]hgf
dGqfnoaf6 k|fKt x'g] ah]6 ;Ldf tyf ut ljut jif{x¿sf] k|j[lQ ljZn]if0f
• g]kfn ;/sf//k|b]z ;/sf/af6 k|fKt x'g] ;dk"/s/ljz]if cg'bfgsf] xsdf /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]u / k|b]z ;/sf/n]
tf]sa] df]lhdsf If]q/cfof]hgf/sfo{qmd, /sdsf] ;Ldf / k"/f ug'{kg]{ zt{sf] cfwf/df
• C0f ;xfotf, hg;xeflutf tyf cGt/:yfgLo tx ;fem]bf/L afkt kl/rfng x'g;Sg] ;|f]tsf] xsdf qmdzMC0f
;Demf}tf, ljutjif{sf] hg;xeflutf /sdsf] k|j[lQ / hg;xeflutf kl/rfng gLlt Pjd\ cGo :yfgLo tx;Fu ePsf]
;dembf/Lsf cfwf/df
• of]hgf cjlwdf ljsf; ;fem]bf/, u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yf tyf cGo :yfgLo ;ª\3÷;+:yfx¿af6 kl/rfng ug{ ;lsg] ;|f]t
/ lghL If]qaf6 x'g] nufgL ;d]t ;DalGwt lgsfo jf kIfx¿;Fu ;dGjo / k/fdz{u/L k|If]k0f
३.४ dfgj ;+zfwgsf] cfjZostf klxrfg / k|If]k0f
 :yfgLo ljz]iftf, cfjZostf / k|d'v sfo{qmd ;~rfng sfo{af]emsf] cfwf/df ;Ë7g k|:tfj tof/L tyf
hgzlQmsf] k|If]k0f (;Ë7g tyf Joj:yfkg ;j]{If0fsf] k|lqmofåf/f)
 df}h'bf dfgj ;+zfwgsf] cj:yf, gofF;Ë7g ;+/rgf, cfjZostf, gLlt tyf sfg"g cg';f/sf] k|zf;lgs
vr{sf] ;Ldf / :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/sf ljifo If]qnfO{ dWogh/
३.५ ljifo If]qut of]hgf th'{df

 jflif{s of]hgf tyf ah]6 th'{df ;ldltsf] nflu ul7t ljifout of]hgf th'{df ;ldlt tyf ;DalGwt ljifo
If]qsf ;/f]sf/fjfnf;Fusf] ;xeflutfdf sfo{zfnf uf]i7L tyf k/fdz{ u/L
 ljifo If]qsf] nIo, p2]Zo, /0fgLlt / sfo{gLlt, k|d'v sfo{qmd tyf cfof]hgf, ck]lIft pknlAw / glthf
vfsf th'{df (j:t'l:ylt ljZn]if0f ljj/0fdf plNnlvt cfwf//]vf ;"rgfsf] cfwf/df)
 ;+efJotf cWoog jf lj:t[t cWoog kZrft\ To:tf cfof]hgf tyf sfo{qmd k|fyldsLs/0f / ;dfj]z u/L
cfof]hgf a}Í tof/
 k|ltkmn -tTsfn xfl;n x'g]_, c;/ -k|ltkmnsf sf/0f xfl;n x'g]_ / k|efj -cGTodf xfl;n x'g]_ सवहतको
;"rssf cfwf/df dfkg ug{;lsर्े glthf vfsf
 :yfgut of]hgf -Spatial Planning_sf] cjwf/0ffdf cfwfl/t eO{ ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnL jf PsLs[t
of]hgf th'{df ;DaGwL ;ˆ6j]o/sf] k|of]u
 cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ug'{kg]{ ljifo If]q
ƒ३.६

e"pkof]u If]qM
 e"pkof]u gLlt, @)&@ tyf e"pkof]u P]g, @)&^ nfO{ cfwf/
 e"pkof]u If]q lgwf{/0f tyf of]hgf th'{df ubf{ -!_ s[lif If]q, -@_ cfjf;Lo If]q, -#_ Jofj;flos If]q, -$_
cf}Bf]lus If]q, -%_ vfgL tyf vlgh If]q, -^_ ;fF:s[lts tyf k'/ftflTjs If]q, -&_ gbLgfnf tyf
tfntn}of If]q -*_ jg If]q, -(_ ;fj{hlgs pkof]u tyf v'Nnf If]q / -!)_ lgdf{0f tyf cGo If]qdf
ljefhg
 e"pkof]u If]q lgwf{/0f ubf{ df}h'bf pkof]u, e"agf]6, e"Ifdtf, pko'Qmtf; :yfgLo cfjZostf; hf]lvd
;+j]bgzLntfsf cfwf/df
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f If]qM
 cfjZos kfs{, xl/t pBfg, af]6flgsn uf8]{g, jg tyf ;+/If0f If]q, ;;fgf xl/t cfONof08, kmf]xf]/
;Íng s]Gb|, Nof08lkmn ;fO6, ;8s lsgf/ j[Iff/f]k0f tyf xl/ofnL, tfn kf]v/L ;+/If0f, Ogf/ tyf
kfgLsf] d'xfg ;+/If0f / gbL lsgf/ ;+/If0f h:tf ljifox¿
:yfgLo oftfoft If]qM
 lgdf{0f x'g] ;8s, k'n tyf oftfoftsf cGo dfWodsf] vfsf;{ ;8ssf] juL{s/0f, dfkb08 / clwsf/ If]qƒ
:yfgLo ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/ ljsf; If]qM
 v]ns'b d}bfg, se8{xn, ;fd'bflos ejg, l;6L xn, /Ëzfnf, ;8saQL, k|zf;lgs tyf ;]jf s]Gb| ejg,
ko{6sLo k"jf{wf/ nufotsf k"jf{wf/x¿
PsLs[t a:tL ljsf;, hUuf PsLs/0f tyf cfjf; If]qM
ƒ
 PsLs[t a:tLn] ;fj{hlgs ;]jf, ;8s nufotsf ;fj{hlgs k"jf{wf/sf] nfut 36fpF5, ;fdflhs k"FhL
a9fpF5 / cfly{s ultljlw / pTkfbsTj a9fpFb5
:yfgLo cfly{s ljsf; If]qM
 :yfgLo cfly{s ljsf; If]qdf lghL nufgL kl/rfngÙ n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]usf] k|j4{g, pTkfbgzLn
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f, cf}Bf]lus sl/8f]/, cf}Bf]lus u|fd lgdf{0f, cfod"ns tyf ;Lkd"ns sfo{qmdsf] ;~rfng,
ax'k|fljlws lzIffnosf] lgdf{0f / j:t' ljz]ifsf cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ljsf; h:tf ljifox¿ ;dfj]z
 g]kfn ;/sf/sf] Ps :yfgLo tx Ps cf}Bf]lus u|fd, Ps :yfgLo tx Ps pTkfbg / Ps 3/ Ps pTkfbg
nufotsf cjwf/0ffnfO{ klg ;dfj]z
;fdflhs ljsf; If]qM
 :yfgLo txsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf /x]sf lzIff, :jf:Yo, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO, n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs
;dfj]zLs/0f, afn ljsf;, o'jf / v]ns'b, snf tyf ;F:s[lt nufot
 c:ktfn lgdf{0f/ ;~rfng, k|fljlws wf/ tyf lzIff ;~rfng, Ps ljBfno Ps ljz]iftfsf sfo{qmd cflb
;+:yfut ljsf; If]qM Ifdtf ljsf;, ;Ë7g ljsf;, hgzlQm ljsf; cflb
ljkb\ hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f tyf pTyfgzLn ljsf; If]qM
 ;x/L of]hgf tyf ejg ;+lxtfsf] sfof{Gjog, e"sDk k|lt/f]wL ejgsf] lgdf{0f / /]6«f]lkml6Ë, ljkb\ / hnjfo'
hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f / pTyfgzLntf ljsf;, ljkb\ k"j{tof/L, jiff{t\sf] kfgL ;Íng, e" tyf hnfwf/ ;+/If0f,
kf]v/L lgdf{0f tyf ;+/If0f, ljsf;sf k"jf{wf/ ;+/If0f h:Tff ljifox¿
k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glg{df{0f If]qM
ƒ
 P]ltxfl;s tyf ;fF:s[lts dxTjsf k|frLg ;x/, ufpF tyf a:tLx¿n] cfˆgf] df}lnstf hf]ufpg, ;Dkbfx¿sf]
;+/If0f ug{ / ko{6sLo cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| agfpg k'g?Tyfg tyf k'glg{df{0f cfjZos
 cem alnof] lgdf{0f, k'glgdf{0f / ;fdflhs cfly{s k'gnf{esf sfo{qmdx¿
३.७cfjlws of]hgfsf] b:tfj]hsf] d:of}bf tof/L
 j:t'l:ylt ljj/0f / cGo ;|f]taf6 k|fKt cfwf/ ;"rgf, of]hgf th'{df sfo{zfnf uf]i7Lsf] glthf,
ljifoIf]q of]hgf th'{df ;ldltsf] 5nkmn / k/fdz{af6 k|fKt lgisif{nfO{ ts{a4 ¿kdf lnlka4
u/L cfjlws of]hgf b:tfj]hsf] d:of}bf tof/
३.८ d:of}bf k|:t'lt, ;'emfj ;Íng tyf clGtd :j¿k k|bfg
 cfjlws of]hgfsf] d:of}bf b:tfj]hnfO{ sfo{kflnsf tyf ljifout ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L,
sfo{kflnsf sfof{no tyf ljifout dxfzfvf÷zfvfsf sd{rf/L, /fhgLlts bn /
;/f]sf/jfnfx¿ dfem k|:t't u/L ;'emfj ;Íng
 sfo{zfnfsf] cfof]hgf u/L ljifout ;d"x tyf a[xt\ ;d"xdf 5nkmn / k/fdz{åf/f cfjlws
of]hgfnfO{ k"0f{tf
 ljifo lj1, lhNnf ;dGjo ;ldlt / k|b]z ;/sf/ tyf :yfgLo txdf /x]sf ;ª\3Lo PsfOx¿sf]
k|fKt ;'emfj tyf k[i7kf]if0fsf cfwf/df d:of}bfnfO{ kl/dfh{g
 /fli6«o tyf k|fb]lzs nIo, p2]Zo,/0fgLlt / k|fyldstf;Fu tfbfTDotf eP gePsf] olsg u/L
of]hgfsf] u'0f:t/ ;'lgZrtfsf nflu of]hgfsf] d:of}bf b:tfj]h ;ª\3Lo dfldnf tyf ;fdfGo
k|zf;g dGqfno (:yfgLo cfjlws of]hgf ;'emfj ;ldlt; d:of}bf k|fKt ePsf] kGw| lbgleq
lnlvt ;'emfj pknAw) / k|b]z gLlt tyf of]hgf cfof]udf k7fpg'kg]{
 k|fKt ;'emfj ;Daf]wg x'g]u/L of]hgfnfO{ clGtd ¿k
 ४. स्वीकृवत चरण
४.१of]hgf :jLs[lt tyf sfof{Gjog
 ;xeflutfd"ns k|lqmof ckgfO{ tof/ ul/Psf] cfjlws of]hgfsf] clGtd b:tfj]hnfO{ ufpF÷gu/ sfo{kflnsfaf6
ljwflosL k|lqmof k"/f u/L :jLs[lt k|bfg ug'{kg]{
 :jLs[t ePsf] of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf nflu k|sfzg u/L ;DalGwt dxfzfvf÷zfvf, j8f sfof{no, ;xof]uL lgsfo,
u}/ ;/sf/L tyf cGo :yfgLo ;ª\3÷;+:yf / ;/f]sf/jfnfnfO{ pknAw
 cfjlws of]hgfnfO{ cfof]hgf a}+Í (sfo{qmd/cfof]hgfx¿sf] ;+efJotf cWoog/lj:t[t cfof]hgf k|ltj]bg, cfof]hgf
cjwf/0ff kq / k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f) tyf dWodsfnLg vr{;+/rgf (;|f]t ;'lglZrt) dfkm{t jflif{s ah]6 tyf
sfo{qmddf hf]8]/ cfjlws of]hgf sfof{Gjog
४.२ cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg
 nufgL tyf ;fwgsf] k|jfx ;d'lrt 9Ën] ePsf] 5 5}g / sfof{Gjog sfo{tflnsf cg';f/ lqmofsnfkx¿sf]
sfof{Gjog eO{ ck]lIft k|ltkmn xfl;n x'g] cj:yf eP gePsf] lgu/fgL /fVg] / k[i7kf]if0f ug]{ sfo{ = cg'udg
 p2]Zo = gLlt, of]hgf tyf sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf b]lvPsf ;d:ofsf] klxrfg u/L tTsfn ;dfwfg
 sfof{Gjog k|lqmof tyf k|fKt glthfsf] af/]df lgoldt,Jojl:yt, ;doa4 ¿kdf tYofÍ ;Íng, k|zf]wg / k|ltj]bg
 glthf tflnsf, sfof{Gjog sfo{of]hgf, cfof]hgf ljj/0f tflnsf / lhDd]jf/L tflnsf cflb b:Tffj]hx¿sf] pkof]u
 lgoldt, k|efjsf/L tyf glthfd"ns cg'udg tyf k|ltj]bg k|0ffnLsf] nflu cg'udg of]hgf
 cg'udg of]hgf agfpFbf ;ª\3Lo, k|b]z tyf :yfgLotxsf ;d;fdlos ljifo,dfgj ljsf; ;"rsfÍ, lbuf]ljsf;sf
nIo ;"rsnfO{ :yfgLo txsf] clwsf/ If]qsf ljifodf of]ubfg ug]{ ;"rs :yflkt u/L cg'udg ug]{ / ;f]sf]
k|ltj]bg ljifout ;ldlt, sfo{kflnsf tyf ;efdf k]z
 of]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 lglb{i6p2]Zo xfl;n eP gePsf] ljZn]if0f ug]{ sfo{ d"NofÍg
 :yfgLo cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|efj, c;/, k|ltkmnsf] glthf dfkg tyf ;~rflnt
sfo{qmdsf] k|lqmof cg'udg
 k|lqmof cg'udg tyf k|fKt glthfsf] dfkg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L sfo{kflnsfsf] x'g]5 / o;
sfo{df jflif{s ljsf; sfo{qmdsf] cg'udg, ;'k/Lj]If0f / k|ltj]bgsf] nflu ul7t cg'udg
tyf ;'k/Lj]If0f ;ldltnfO{ kl/rfng ug'{kg]{5 .
 cfjlws of]hgfsf] cg'udg tyf d"NofÍgsf nflu ljlw–
 :ynut cg'udg ƒ
 sfo{of]hgf -nIo_ / k|ult aLr t'ngf
 gful/s lgu/fgL tyf cg'udg
 glthfdf cfwfl/t 9fFrfcg';f/ jflif{s ;dLIff ƒ
 glthfd"ns 9fFrf cg';f/ ;xeflutfd"ns dWofjlw/ clGtd d"NofÍg -t]>f]kIfaf6_ ƒ
cfjlws of]hgfsf]cg'udg tyf d"NofÍgsf]9fFrf / k|lqmof b]xfocg';f/ x'g'kb{5 . o;
adf]lhd glthfd"ns cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg of]hgf tof/ u/L cfjlws of]hgf tyf
jflif{s of]hgfsf] cg'udg tyf d"NofÍg ug]{Joj:yf sfo{kflnsfn]ldnfpg'kb{5 .
of]hgfsf] k|ult k|ltj]bg k|0ffnL tyf 9fFrf
 glthfd"ns cg'udg k|0ffnL cg';f/ glthf vfsfsf] pkof]u u/L k|:tfljt ;"rs
cg';f/ xfl;n x'g'kg]{ nIo xfl;n eP gePsf] n]vfhf]vf( k|efj, c;/, k|ltkmn)] u/L
;f]sf] k|ltj]bg tof/ र pk/ ljifout ;ldlt, sfo{kflnsf, ;efdf 5nkmn
:yfgLo cfjlws of]hgf th'{Dff ;+nUg ljifo lj1 ;d"x
 :yfgLo cfjlws of]hgf th'{Dff ubf{ ;Dej eP;Dd :yfgLo txdf sfo{/t lj1 sd{rf/L 6f]nL kl/rfng,
;f] ;+ej gePsf] cj:yfdf k|fljlws ;xof]u / ;xhLs/0f ug{ ;fj{hlgs vl/b k|lqmof cg';f/ ;]jf vl/b
u/L lj1 ;d"xsf] ;xof]u
 l:ylt ljZn]if0f, :ynut cWoog, k/fdz{ tyf sfo{zfnf ;~rfng / b:Tffj]h tof/L nufotsf sfo{df
k|fljlws ;]jf pknAw
 k|fljlws ;xof]u 6f]nLsf lj1 ;d"xn] :yfgLo txsf lgjf{lrt kbflwsf/Lx¿sf] k|ToIf lgb]{zg / ;dGjodf
:ynut ¿kdf a;L :yfgLo txsf] ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs, cfly{s / jftfj/0f kIfsf] ulx/f] cWoog tyf
ljZn]if0f u/]/ cfjlws of]hgf th'{df
 lhDd]jf/L tyf lj:t[t sfo{ljj/0f :jLs[t sfo{;r " L cg';f/
 b]xfocg';f/sf ljz]if1x¿ ;dfj]z x'g'kg]{ -s_ 6f]nL k|d'v tyf of]hgf lj1Ù -v_ cy{zf:qL tyf ljQLo
ljZn]ifsÙ -u_ zx/L of]hgf tyf k"jf{wf/ lj1Ù -3_ jftfj/0f tyf ljkb\Joj:yfkg lj1Ù -ª_
;dfhzf:qL÷n}lËs ;dfgtf tyf ;fdflhs ;dfj]zLs/0f lj1Ù -r_ hg:jf:Yo tyf kf]if0f lj1Ù -5_
ef}uf]lns ;"rgf k|0ffnL -hLcfO{P;_÷:yfgut of]hgf lj1 .
ljifo If]qut /0fgLlts tyf u'?of]hgf
 bL3{sfnLg ;f]r tyf of]hgf adf]lhd / sfg"gL bfloTj k"/f ug{ tyf :yfgLo txsf] ljz]if
cfjZostf ;Daf]wg ug{ / ljifo If]qut gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ 5'§} ljifo If]qut /0fgLlts tyf
u'?of]hgf th'{df ug'{kg]{ x'g ;Sb5
 cfjlws of]hgfn] lj:t[t / kof{Kt dfqfdf ;Daf]wg gePsf] / :yfgLo txsf] ;+efjgf,
k|fyldstf / cj;/nfO{ pkof]u ug{ cfjZostf dxz'; ul/Psf] cj:yfdf s'g} vf; ljifo
If]qsf] nflu 5'§} ljifo If]qut /0fgLlts of]hgf jf s'g} vf; If]qsf] ef}lts ljsf;sf nflu
u'?of]hgf th'{df ug{;lsG5 .
 s'g} ljifo If]qsf] gLlt sfof{Gjog ug{ 5'§} /0fgLlts of]hgf tyf u'?of]hgf cfjZos ePdf
;f]sf] Joj:yf bL3{sfnLg tyf cfjlws of]hgfdf ;dfj]z u/L ;f]cg';f/ th'{df ug'{kb{5 .
 :yfgLo txdf ljifo If]qut gLlt sfof{Gjogsf] nflu 5'§} th'{df ug'{kg]{ /0fgLlts tyf
u'?of]hgfx¿df e"pkof]u of]hgf, :yfgLo ljkb\ tyf hnjfo' pTyfgzLn of]hgf -hnjfo'
cg's"ng of]hgf ;d]t_, oftfoft u'?of]hgf, ko{6g u'?of]hgf, ef}lts ljsf; of]hgf, k|f/lDes
afn ljsf; of]hgf, lzIff / :jf:Yo tyf kf]if0f If]q /0fgLlts of]hgf, vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO
u'?of]hgf nufotsf If]qx¿ kb{5g\