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    ARE corer ec orcs 9-1 Hypothesis Testing fea 1. State whether each ofthe following situations is teaty sted bypothets sting problem and why. og @ She 2S Cb) Mo > 10, Ho= Hex #50) He sion man width equals 80 nm, The conclsion is to not ee ees thatthe erica dimension mean equals 80 nm? Explain 9-3. The standart deviation of eric dimension thickness in semiconductor manufacturing is = 25 nm, (@) State the null and atemative hypotheses used to demon- strate that the standard deviation is reduced. (©) Assume that the previous test does not reject the null hypothesis. Does this result provide strong evidence that the standard deviation has not been reduced? Explain, 9-4, The mean pull-off force of a connector depends on cue time (@) State the null and altemative hypotheses used to demon. State thatthe pull-off force is below 30 N. (©) Assume that the previous test does not reject the null hypothesis. Does this result provide strong evidence that the pull-of force is greater than or equal 130 N? Explain, 9-5. A exile ber manufacturers investigating anew drapery ‘Yam, which the company claims has a mean thread elongation of 12 kg witha standard deviation of 15 kg, The company wishes to test the hypothesis Hy:a'=12 against fhe 1, using a random sample of four specimens. (3) What isthe type I error probability if the eritialfegion is defined as < 11.5 kg? (©) Find B forthe case in which the true mean elongation is 11.25 kg. (6) Find for the ease in whi 9-6. Repeat Exercise 9-5 usi same critical region, 9-7. In Exercise 95, i the type I error probabi (@) a= 001 and. (b) @=0.05 andn=5 9-8. In Exercise 9-5, calculat if the true mean elongation is (a) = 005 andn=4 (©) Compare the values of B ‘What conclusion can you 9-9. In Exercise 9. ich the rue mean is 11.5 kg. ing a sample size of n= 20 and the ind the boundary of the critical region if ity is © (@) @=0005 and te the probability of a type UL error 115 kg and (b) 0.=005 andn = 16 calculated in the previous parts, draw? + calculate the P-value if the observed slatistie @ F=1125 (b) F=110 (e) F=1195 9-10. The heat evolved in calories Per gram of a cement mixture 'S approximately normally distribu ted. The mean is thought to be 100, and the standard deviation i 3. You wi versus £2) 100 with a sample of = 9 (a) Ifthe acceptance region i defined. the type Leror probability (6) Find for the casein which the (6) Find B forthe ease where the ‘This value of is smaller han 9-11. Repeat Exercise 9-10 usi the same aceeptance region 9-12. InBxereise 9-10, find if the type I error probability, (a) @= 0.01 and ) ish ott Hy ‘specimens. = 98ST E1015 {eve mean eat cred, eve mean heat evched the one foundinpan ing a sample sizeof g-3 ‘he Dounday of the (©) 001 sednas (8) 0=005 amines 9°13. In Exercise 910, calultte poten ro if the uve mean heat evolved in IO (a= 005 andn=5-() a=OS dary (©) Compare the vales of caked in honey ‘What conclusion can you daw? Esme 9-14. In Exercise 9-10, caleuh Statistics (@) F298) ¥=101 3°18. A consumer products company i arms x shampoo and i interested in foam eight Ge aioe Foam height is approximately normally dst! nave 4 standard deviation of 25 mm, The company sabe es i he ea ican lity faye late the P-vale if the det (©) r= 102 (@) Find the type 1 error probability «ifthe cc get > 185, (©) What is the probability of typeI emor if theme 2 foam height is 185 mm? (©) Find B forthe true mean of 195 mm. a 9°16, Repeat Exrsse 9-15 asuning hate ss iss 16and the boon of eit en = 9-17. In Exercise 9-15, find the boundary ofthe si if the type I error probability is (@) ceo! faa 0 (e) a= 001 ain ®) a= 005 anda 10) anole 9-18. In Exercise 9-15, calculate the probsblit err ifthe rue mean fam bits Sam (@) @=005andn= 10) a= Nisan, (©) Compare the values of B caleulel it 4 What concusionca youn? oe! 9-19, In Exercise 9-15, calculate the statisti is 190 @ et r ‘ z we (@) F=180 (6) ¥ ihe opt imerestd in a 9-20; A manne nee ot power supply used in a PC. 0 iain normally distribute, with standard d per wise 1 ts i i az Sunits. eggs aN ASSESS. Fad he ay HS voles apa 1: «perf th 1 or detecting ate me 51 v0 wi Exercise 9-20 when he sample se i 1, : zis 16 and ¢21 Bie he so do cae eter cane 8 sample iz he on ea yan eri 920 fi the boundary ofthe eral eon roe probability is (© a= 001 andn heel (@) a= 005andn= 65 0 ee 92. be Pi ened oft rind : an output oan 2. 0 sais) EAT (EHS 2) Fp prerise 9-2, calculate the probability of 1 inbersececen ye ite ta greece (2 ear he ales of calculated inthe previous pas, eaten ee erie ew tee 2 a ypc 2 random sample of 20 Tepe adults seta Ie number of alee grates is betwen and Stl ea meat clude that 7 O4. con ee oer aya ciatund teh raee rp 925. Terror probability for this procedure, assum 4 9-26, The proportion of residents in Phoenix favoring the ‘aiding oto roads complee the freeway system isblieved ‘obep=04. fa random sample of 10 residents shows tat I or {ewer favor this proposal, we will conclude that p <4. (@) Find the probability of type I ero ifthe true proportion is =O, (b) Find the probability of commiting a type I error with his procedue if p = 0.2. (©) What isthe power of this procedure if the tre proportion Isp=02? 9-27. A random sample of 750 registered voter, in Phoenix is asked whether they favor the use of oxygenated fuels yearcound to reduce ai pollution. If more than 600 vot- «rs espond positively, we will conclude that more than 6% of the Voters favor the use of these fuels (@) Find the probability of ype [err if exactly 60% of the Yoters favor the use ofthese fuels. (6) What isthe type I eror probability B if 75% ofthe voters favor this aeton? Hint: wse the normal approximation to the binomial, 9-28. Ifwe plo the probability of accepting H,: j= versus ‘arius values ofp and connect the poins with a smooth cure, we obtain the operating characteristic curve (or the OC curve) of the test procedure. These curves are used extensively i indus- ‘rial applications of hypothesis testing to display the sensitivity and relative performance of te test. When the tre mean i really equa to, the probally of accepting His 1c. (@) Construct an OC curve for Exercise 9-15, using values of the tae mean of 178, 181,184,187, 190,193, 196, and 19, (©) Convent the OC curve into a plot of the power funtion ofthe test 92 Tesis on the Mean of o Normal Distripution, Variance Known 64:29, State he nll and ltemative hypothesis in each ease {ay A hypothesis test will be used to potentially provide ev ence that the population mean is more than 6, ty A bypuhesis test will be used to potentially provide evi- ‘ence that the population mean is not equal to 8. {@) A ypotesis test wil be used to potentially provide evi- ence thatthe population mean is ess than 9 9.30. A hypothesis wil be used 0 test that a population mean qu 6 against the altemative thatthe popolaton mean dos nt tual 6 with krown variance 6. What are the eral vals for the tes sits Z forthe following significance levels? (ay001(b)005 (20.10 9.31. A hypothesis wil be used to tes that a population mean equals 4 soins the allerative thatthe population mean is nore this“ vith known variance 6. What isthe citcal value forthe es! ssi Z, forthe following significance levels? (a) 001 >) 005" (e) O10 932, resis wil be used ots that a population mean equals § 0 the aerate hat the population mean i ess than 8 with known variance 6, What isthe ritcl value forthe test statistic Z, fr thefllowing significance vels? (a) 001) 005 (e) 010 9-33. For the hypothesis test Hy:j=6 against Hsu # 6 and variance know, calculate the P-vale for each ofthe following. les stasis, () w= 205 (b) H=-184 fe) = 04 934. For the hypothesis test HY 1=9 against p> 9 and ‘variance known, calculate the P-value foreach of the follow ing test statisti. 0S (b) a=-18 @) =04 9.35. For the hypothesis test H,: =7 against Hy <7 and ‘variance known, cleulte the P-value for each ofthe follow 05 (b) 3=-184 (= 04 9-36. Output from a software package follows ‘One Sample Z ‘Test of mu =30 vs not = 30 ‘The assumed standard deviation BEE chapter artes of Hypotheses fora ingle Same Variable -N- Mean ay, +8 wa as? —— SiDev SE Mean (4) Flin the missing tems, What conclusions would youd? () Isthis a one-sided ora two-sided test? (6) Use the norma tble and the preceding data coms # 98% two-sided Clon the mean, () What would the P-value be if the alteative hypothes® is Hy n> 30? 9-37. Oui from a software package follows ne Spe Test ofma= 2010320 ‘The asued stan viaon = 0.7, Variable N= Mean Sev SEMean Z P rm 98 roast @) Filinhe missing tems, What contusions woud you dea? (b) Isthisa one-sided oa two-sided test? (6) Use the normal table andthe preceding data to const & 95% two-sided Cl onthe mean. (4) What woud the P-alue be ithe altemative hyposbess is Hewe207 9-38. Output from a software package flows ne Sample Testof m= 145 vs 145 The sssued tana deviation =| Varble N- Mean Sidley SEMean ZF x16 18016 1136 (a) Flin he isn items. What concasions wouk! youd”? (b) Isthisaonesided ora wosided est? (©) Use the normal able andthe preceding data to const 93% lower bound on the mn, (3) What would the P-value be ifthe altemative hypothesis is Hy melds? 939. Output roma software package follows ‘One-Sumple Z: Test of ma =99¥s>99 ‘The assuined standard deviation = 2.5 Variable No Mean SiDev SEMean Z P 1s 100039 2365 7 Lad 0075. (@) Fillinthe missin tems, What conclesions would you da? () Is this one-sided or a two-sided test? (6) IF the hypothesis had boon H:j1=98 versus Ho: > 98, would you reject the null hypothesis atthe 005 level of significance? Can you answer this without referring tothe ‘normal table? (4) Use the normal table and the preceding data to contuct a ‘986 lower hound onthe mean, () What would the P-value be ifthe Hpeoor 19-40. The mean water temperature downstream fom a power plant cooling tower discharge pipe should be no more than lemative hypothesis is sain gy arc Pat ae temper of emer Ty. and he average fps ot andy chen Neem pe TC found tobe 37 water temperature i, dence hat the Peg ig bp i teerge teat of te rankbat ar Jy re SL aaea ie si alba sa oy Whatis fo) Wha 2005 et, A man bile engine: The {O42 en) sof Saray ais Sha = 7.06. is ited (a) Tet Ho {oy Whatistbe {o) What sample =r ti 76040005 acerca oe reniehniea Wt tamed te power be at as 9) = S eting pin west of "= 15 SAMPIS ofa binder 942, inet re nr - 2S cin in mal Sg pies () What isthe 3 yerus Hh # 68,3 using a= 0), eval for this test? error if the ve mean is = 65.5) {o) What isthe Bs (6 Wat le fn would Be equiedif we want <9 12.655? Assome that = 001, ours of battery is known to be 9-43, The life in bows of, ashy mena debuted, wih sandard deviation fours A aom sample of 20 teres hs 2 mean ig i= 40.5 hous. ert iy Is there evidence to support the claim that bate 1 coeds 40 hour? Use a= 0.05. ve {o) Whats the Pale fo the et in par (a? {e) What isthe Preror forthe test pat (2) the tue meg Weis 2 sie (a) What sample size woud be required to ensure ha we at al0idde tee mean licis bow (e Explain how you could answer the question in pay Caleulting an appropiate confidence bound on if 9-44, An engineer who is studying the tensile stengh of stel ally intended fr use in gol club shafts knows that ty Sie sength is approximately normally istibued wih ge “M5 KN A random sample of 12 specimens has a mean ey sie strength of x = 23800 KN (a) Teste hypothesis that mean strengths 24180 KN he 001 {b) Whats the smallest level of significance a which yy ‘woud be willing to eect the nll hypothesis? (6) What isthe rertor forthe test in part (a if the tue meanis 239252 (@) Suppose that we wanted to reject the nll hypothesis wi probability at least 0.8 if mean strength p= 24150 sample size should be used? (e) Explainhow you could answer the question in pat ( a two-sided confidence imerva Whe cava 8 Propo et sup Ab fat cn erally increase ther spend. «ti aely SO vs When Pressure drops suffice 22% dissociate ito Water vapor i forming x Fee etice WHE he as lec le supercavitation is said to occur Bighy ene ete man pt ne serie eg ere eed = 2 mh ee nite normalydistbted with kr 1 ‘Standard devia. ie ie hypothesis Hy: mre oes -<100 using asthe Pale fo the est in pr (ap (0 Mage the power of the test ifthe “nn tre mean (Oe ve Ped vas sr ample size would e required io co Woah Tow a8 95 msi you wanted Te that 88? Tain ow the question in part (cou detect a lve mean the Power ofthe est. (0 ating a one-sided be answered by commie # mesic fan ne a ring we in an atomative 4, Abesnine plication iss wea sk ad te ene ne dig v2 pei 38097 om esig dmc a hy sited wih Stand dition = DbSene ny rst the hyposbesis Hot= 3.81 versus Hu #381 using enol iy waite Pale othe est in pa ay verses (©) Compute the power ofthe test if the tre mean dame i 4797 em, (4) What sample sive would be required to detect true mean ameter as low as 3.797 cm f you wanted the power of the test to be atleast 0.9? () Explain how the question in part (a) could be answered by Constructing a two-sided confidence interval on the mean diameter 9-47. Metical researchers have developed a new artificial heart constructed primarily of titanium and plastic. The heat will last and operate almost indefinitely once it is ‘implanted in the patient's body. but the battery pack needs tobe recharged about every four hours, A random sample of 50 battery packs is selected and subjected toa life test. The average life of these batteries is 4.08 hours. Assime that battery life is normally distributed with standard deviation 0 =0.2 hour, (@) Is there evidence to support the claim that mean battery fife exceeds 4 hours? Use = 0.05, (©) What is the P-value forthe tet in part)? (6) Compute the power ofthe testi the true mean battery life is45 hours, (©) What sample size would be required to detect a trve mean batery fife oF 4.5 hours if you wanted the power ofthe test tobe at east 092 (©) Explain how the question in part (a) could be answered by constructing one-sided confidence bound on the meas life 93. Tesls on the Mean of a Normal Distribution, Variance Unknown 4.48, A ypothesis wl be used totes that a population mean pol 7 agus the allemative tat the population mean dos, raul 7 wih unknown variance o, What are the eal ‘sorte test aise T, fo the following significance lev peand sample sizes? foe 00landn=18 (a=0.10andn=14 49. A hypothesis will be used to test that population quals 10 against the alternative that the population wean is eeater than 10 with known variance @, What isthe eal value forthe test statistic 7, fr the following signif. cance levels? Land n=18 O} 08 and n= 15 (b) a= 005 and 5 (90. A bypothesis willbe used to tet tha a population mean qua against the alternative that the population means less fan wth unknown variance. What is the critical value forthe testststic 7, forthe following significance levels? (b)@=005 and n= 15 951. For the hypothesis test H,; = 7 against, #7 with ‘arance unknown and =25, approximate the P-value for cach the following test statistics, ()4=205 ()H==184 (= 04 952. For the hypothesis test Hy: hs 10 against Hy: w>10 with variance unknown and n=20, approximate the P-value for each ofthe following test statistics. (0) =205 - (b)my==184 (€)19=04 953. For the hypothesis test Hy: = against H; <5 with variance unknown and n= 15, approximate the P-value for ofthe following test statist, m (2) =205 ()y=-184 (© y=08 a 5-54, Consider the following compute output One-Sample T: ‘Testof mu =91 ys>91 Variable N Mean SiDev SE. x 10 92379 0717 (a) Fillin the missing valves. You may ‘P-value, What conclusions would (6) Is this one-sided ora two-sided (6) Ifthe hypothesis had been H, ‘would your conclusions chan ry (Chapter 97Tests of Hypotheses fora Single Sample 9-55. Consider the following computer ouput (One-SampleT: Test of mu = 12 vs not = 12 Variable N Mean StDev SE Mean T r 10 125667 03752 P (2) How many degresof freedom ae thereon the 4st statistic? (©) Flin the missing ales. You may eaelate bounds on the P-alue, What conclusions woul you da? (©) Isthis a one-sided ora two-sided test? (@) Consruct a 986 two-sided Clon the mean (6) If the hypotesis had been Hy j= 12 versus H: > Ps sould your conslsions change? (0 tbe hype a een Hy = 15, vers A 1S. would your conclusions change’? Answer this question by Using the C computed in part (- 9-56, Conse the folowing computer oup One-Sample T: ‘Test of mu = 34 vs not = 34 Variable N Mean StDey SEMean 9S%Cl_ TP % 1635274 1.7837 (84.324, 36224) 2 0012 (@) How many degrees of freedom are tere on the Hest statistic? (©) Fill in the ising quant. (6) At what level of signifieance can the aullhypolhesis be rejected? (@) If the hypothesis had been Hy 4 = 34 versus Hy: > 34, would he P-alue have been larger or smaller? (©) If the hypothesis had been Hy = 35 versus iw 235, ould you have rejected the nl hypothesis tthe 0.05 vel? 9-57. An aticle in Growth: A Journal Devoted 19 Problems of Noma and Abnormal Growth |*Comparison of Measured and Estimated Fat-Free Weight, Fa, Potassium and Nitrogen of Growing Guinea Pigs” (1982, ol, 46(4), pp. 306-321) reported the results of a study that measured the body weight (in grams) for guinea pigs at birt, 4210 4526 456.1 4946 3738 5 1107964871024 20 29603120 290.9 2565 478 6876 705.7 879.0888 2060 27302680227 2793 2585 296.0 (a) Test the hypothesis that mean body weight is 310 g. Use (b) What isthe smallest level of significance at which you he willing to reject the mull hypothesis? By could answer the question in part a) with at interval on mean body weight, 9-88, Journal of Energy Engineering study of the ther 4 of autclved aerated concrete a eso he material weg sng manera Five sa a being mon pe aerge nein tempers cig sss 2301.72.22 2204, 22.62 and 259 meee ypoties e225 O80 225 enos Fate Pe : ¢ Chie aston Tc imay sisi (o Compt te por of ht 1 a gy, . sas high as temperature i “Rpt ize would be required 0 detect tye vcr of the est 1 beat est 07? he row the question in part () cou be an ing a two-sided confidence interval ont po () Explain construct jmerir temperature Peete ts Bakay Be hile 959 Eat Aaa 6 Dspes ee Limit ofthe Normal Body Temperature, and Other Legacies, ie Peta agate Cee eae ae ie tn oe ST a ne a ot o8n 381 93.983, 965 9 Fe o6h 9uh 89.969 a (Gq) Teste hypothesis H, 1 =98.6 VHS M1986, sng gear ae ee ee aa macniaviaes oa Eee eretr eee a atatnae titan acts oe ease Roe eR ee mere iat ar poe eee eae mesa oigas tiv pes prea ee ti ace ras ea cua cape 9.40, Cad tng hs ber se or many. etait eraieoed See ce be me be coors 27s Mapatane teamen Eben Sons pp 1-60. The itl nal cad at aie Wo tiae flee 2 10 395 103 Fax lok 2910, 810.2855 Tim 8310 93408 908 2 26.9 x 10°, 36.2 x 10°, 42.9 x 10", 32.9 x 108 Gy Carpleyet die wt cto cmos 1 Una pyacterenleccayed cupiielreaaes iy Scion (rangle sie woul nine’) 10 aig iment (e) Explain how the questioning tent of twenty V6 300-Fam bo ne me come tet 3115, 13069, 13091, 12954, 139.6, 12833, 12824. 12965, 130.14, 129.9, 1307 938, 1HOA2, 129583, 13012 1297, 9093, 13S, 128.77, 129.74 2c elim tat mean soda je 1 content of his ssl fen 130 me Vea 00 vale a comet i normally dba, it ero He test fhe te edn sodiam Gt Te Cot ne wood be required to detec a true mean va 10m ify wate omer othe orcas 0.752 ete apesin pit (co fe nse by hear ws nie era en te mea see tnglncer woud like to detect this difference 6" PO, dit atleast 0.90. Was the sample size n= 16 part (a) adequate? 4-66, Recmider tb sd ges testa PVC pipe SED in Ercoie 82, Soppose that yu want use he dt TE thiscayenmctto appt actaim thatthe mean impact SAE" txcede the ASTM standard (one fo-pound per inc), Fm Jae and est the appropriate hypeses wing = 0.08 9-67, Reconsider the television tube brightness experimet In Exere 83. Suppose that the design engine lms at this tbe wll require teas 300 microamps of eUrFEn 19 PO> “duce the Jsted brightness evel. Formulate and test aPP™” prise hypothesis to confirm this claim using = 0.05-Fiad he Pale fortis test State any necessary assumptions about Me undeying distbaton ofthe dat. 19468, Exercise 6-30 gave data on the heights of female ene ooring students a ASU. {a) Can you support claim thatthe mean height of female engineering students at ASU is atleast 165 em? Use = (0.05. Find the P-value j (©) Check the normality assumption 2 {© Comput the power ofthe test ifthe true mean eight is Item. {) What sample size woud be required o detect a rve mean height of 162 cm if you wanted the power of the test 19 BE atleast 08? " 4569, Exercise 63 describes sing gol Balls for an overall distance standard, a {@) Can you suppor a slim that mean distanee achieved by this particular golf ball exceeds 270 meters? Use a= 0.05. Find the P-value (ide (b) Check the normality assumption, (© Compute the power of the test ifthe uve mean distance is 261m. itis (©) What sample size would be requied to detect true mean distance of 261 mif you wanted the power of the testo be atleast 08? volar 9-70. Exercise 6-32 presented dala suspended solids in lake wate (@ Testthe hypothesis Hag Find the Pale (b) Check the normality (©) Compt the power tions as low as 52, (@) What sample size concentration testo be at ‘the concentration of Hn # SS.use 0.=005. if the true mean concentra: required to detect a true mean if_you wanted the power ofthe Chapter 9FFests of Hypotheses fora Single Sample 9-4 Tests on the Variance and Standart agains Ho" #7. What sie X3 for the following 9-71. Consider the test of Hy 0 are the critical values forthe test st significance levels and sample sizes? (2) @=001andn=18—— (b) a= 005 and n= 1S (©) @=0.10andn=14 9-72. Consider the test of Hy 0" = Sagainst Hy :0" <5. What are the critical values forthe test statisti forthe following significance levels and sample sizes? oy (b) = 005 andn= 12 © 9.73. Consider the test of Hy:6° =Saganst Hy :0° <5. ‘What ate the eitcal values forthe test tats i forthe fol lowing significance levels and sample sizes? (@) a= 0001 and (0) =000 and n=15 ©, 9-74, Consider the test of Hp:6° = Saguint yo" <5. Approximate the P-value foreach othe following est statistics (@) x) =252 and (©) x8 =42andn 9475. Consider the test of Hy:0" =Sagainst 6° <5. Approximate the P-value fr each ofthe Following est statistics. (b) sf =18.2andn=10 ; test of Hy:o? = 10 against 1H 6° > 10. Approximate the P-value foreach of the folowing (a) x5 =252 andn 152 andn=10 (6) xo =42 and n 9-77. The data from Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise described in Exercise 8-48 considered ice hockey player performance after electostimulaton taining. In sum- ‘mary thee were 20 players, and the sample standard devia of performance was 0.09 seconds. (a) Is there strong evidence to conclude thatthe standard devi ation of performance time exceeds the historical valve of 10,75 seconds? Use o = 0.05. Find the P-value fortis est ) Discuss how pat (a) could be answered by constructing 3 {95% one-sided confidence interval for. 9-78. The dita from Teclmomerics described in Exercise 8-51 conser the variability in repeated measurement ofthe weight of a shoot of paper In summary, the sample standard devision fiom 15 measurements was 00083 (a) Does the measurement standard deviation differ from 1.01 g (05? Find the P-value for his test 1) Discuss how par (a) could be answered by constructing & confidence interval for 6. onsier the percentage of titanium in an alloy wsed < Deviation of @ Nor

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