LYDIA HALL:

CARE, CURE,
CORE THEORY
by Group 13
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the presentation, the students will be able to:

OUTLINE THE BIOCGRAPHY OF DEFINE HALL’S NURSING

01 LYDIA HALL 04 PARADIGMS

KNOW HALL’S THEORY GAIN AN UNDERSTANDING

02 ASSERTION 05 ABOUT THE MAJOR CONCEPTS
& ASSUMPTIONS
UNDERSTAND 3 C’S LEARN THE STRENGTH
03 (CORE, CARE & CURE) 06 AND WEAKNESSES OF
HALL’S THEORY
BIOGRAPHY OF LYDIA E. HALL
(1906-1969
Name: Lydia Eloise Hall
Born on: September 21, 1906
Died on: February 27, 1969
Basic nursing education in 1927
Bachelor in public health nursing in 1937
Masters in teaching Natural Science in 1942
First Director of Leob Center for Nursing.
Nursing experience in clinical, education, research and supervisor role.
 EARLY LIFE OF LYDIA HALL
She was a nursing theorist who developed the Care, Cure, Core
model of nursing.

Her theory defined Nursing as “a participation in care, core and cure aspects of patient care,
where CARE is the sole function of nurses, whereas the CORE and CURE are shared with other
members of the health team”
She was an innovator, motivator, mentor to nurses in all phases of their careers, and an
advocate for chronically ill patients. She worked to involve the community in public health
issues.

Lydia Hall was born on September 21, 1906, in New York City as Lydia Eloise Williams.

She was the eldest child of Louis V. Williams and Anna Ketterman Williams and was named
after her maternal grandmother.

Her brother, Henry, was several years younger. At a young age, her family decided to move to
York, Pennsylvania, where her father was a general practice physician.
 WORKS OF LYDIA HALL
Aside from being a nurse, Lydia Hall also managed to balance her time in
writing. In the 1960s, she authored 21 publications and many articles
regarding the Loeb Center and her long-term care and chronic disease
control theories. Her work was presented in “Nursing: What Is It?” in The
Canadian Nurse. In 1969, it was discussed in “The Loeb Center for Nursing
and Rehabilitation” in the International Journal of Nursing Studies. In her
innovative work at the Loeb Center, Hall argued that a need exists in
society to provide hospital beds grouped into units that focus on the
delivery of therapeutic nursing. The Loeb plan has been seen in many
ways as similar to what later emerged as “primary nursing.”
 LYDIA HALL’S: CARE, CORE, CURE
Lydia Hall’s theory define Nursing as the “participation in care,
core and cure aspects of patient care, where CARE is the sole
function of nurses, whereas the CORE and CURE are shared with
other members of the health team.” The major purpose of care is
to achieve an interpersonal relationship with the individual to
facilitate the development of the core.
 THEORETICAL ASSERTION
Lydia Hall believed that patient outcomes are improved by
direct care as given by the professional nurse. She stood
against the turning over of care when a patient is stabilized to
practical nurses and argued against the concept of team
nursing. She saw:

nursing as interacting with the person, called “the core”,

the body called “the care”,
and the disease, called “the cure”.
 ASSUMPTIONS
Hall’s Care, Cure, Core Theory assumptions are as follows:

(1) The motivation and energy necessary for healing exist

within the patient rather than in the healthcare team.

(2) The three aspects of nursing should not be viewed as

functioning independently but as interrelated.

(3) The three aspects interact, and the circles representing

them change the size, depending on the patient’s total course
of progress.
 MAJOR CONCEPTS OF CARE, CORE, CURE

INDIVIDUAL HEALTH SOCIETY AND

ENVIRONMENT NURSING
 INDIVIDUAL
Persons who are more than 16 years old and in the long-
term illness are the focus of Hall’s work.
Hall emphasizes the importance of an individual as
unique, capable of growth, learning and requiring a total
person approach
 HEALTH
Inferred to be state pf self-awareness with conscious
selection of behaviors
Hall stresses the need to help the person explore the
meaning of his or her behavior to identify and overcome
problems through developing self-identity and maturity.
 SOCIETY AND ENVIRONMENT
Dealt with concerning the individual. Hall is credited with developing
Loeb Center’s concept because she assumed that the hospital
environment during treatment of acute illness creates a difficult
psychological experience for the ill individual.
Loeb Center focuses on providing an environment that is conducive
to self-development. In such a setting, the focus of the nurses’ action
is the individual.
Any actions taken concerning society or the environment are to
assist the individual in attaining a personal goal.
 NURSING
Identifies and consisting participation in the care, core and
cure aspects of patient care.
Care is the sole function of nurses.
Major purpose of care is to achieve an interpersonal
relationship with the individual.
SUBCONCEPTS
3 C'S (CARE, CORE, CURE)
CARE
Intimate Bodily Care
Aspect of Nursing

The Body

CORE CURE
Social Science and Pathological and Medical
Theraputic use of Self Aspects of Nursing
Aspect of Nursing
The Disease
The Person
 THE CARE
Nurturing component of care and is exclusive to nursing.
Motherly care and comfort of patient.
Provides teaching and learning activities.
Nurses goal is to give care and comfort to the patient.
Nurses provides bodily care for the patient.
Patient may explore and share feelings with the nurse.
When functioning in the care circle, the nurses apply
knowledge of the natural and biological sciences.
 THE CORE
Patient care is based on social sciences.
Involves therapeutic use of self and is shared with other team
members.
By developing interpersonal relationship with the patient, the
nurse is able to help the patient verbally express feelings
regarding the disease process and its effects.
Patient is able to gain self-identity and further develop
maturity.
Patient is able to make conscious decision.
 THE CURE
Cure based on pathological and therapeutic sciences.
Application of medical knowledge by nurses.
Nurse assisting the doctors in performing different procedures.
Nurse is patient advocate in this circle.
The cure aspect is different from the care circle because many
of nurse’s action changes from a negative quality of avoidance
of pain rather than a positive quality of comfort.
Nurses role changes to positive quality to negative quality.
As seen in the figure, the three interlocking circles may
change in size and overlap concerning the patient’s
phase in the disease process. A nurse functions in all
three circles but to different degrees.

For example, in the care phase, the nurse gives hands-

on bodily care to the patient about daily living
activities such as toileting and bathing. In the curing
phase, the nurse applies medical knowledge to the
treatment of the person. In the core phase, the nurse
addresses the patient’s social and emotional needs for
effective communication and a comfortable
environment.
 STRENGTHS
Lydia Hall’s model appears to be completely and
simply logical. Her work may be viewed as the
philosophy of nursing.

The three Cs (care, core, and cure) in this theory

were unique. In all the model circles, the nurse is
present, although the nurse’s focus is on the care
circle.
 WEAKNESSES
Lydia Hall’s model is considered to be plain and simple in its presentation. However,
the receptiveness and resilience necessary for its utilization and function may not be
so simple for nurses whose personality, educational preparation, and experience have
not prepared them to function with minimal structure. This and the self-imposed age
and illness requirements limit the generalizability.
The age requirement for applying her theory 16 years of age and above limits the
theory since it cannot be disregarded that nurses are faced with pediatric clients now
and then.
The concept of a patient aggregate, such as having families and communities as the
focus of nursing practice, was not tackled. It is purely on the individual himself.
Although, the role of the family or the community within the patient’s environment
was modestly discussed.
 CONCLUSION
Lydia Hall used her knowledge of psychiatry and nursing experiences in the
Loeb Center as a framework for formulating the Care, Core, and Cure
Theory. Her model contains three independent but interconnected circles.
The three circles are the core, the care, and the cure.

The core is the patient. The cure refers to the medical and nursing
interventions, and the care is the nurturing provided by nurses. Nursing
functions in all three of the circles but shares them to different degrees
with other disciplines.
 CONCLUSION
Even though Hall confined her concepts for patients with the age of 16 years
and above, the concepts of care, core and cure can still be applied to every age
group, but again, none was specified.

This theory emphasizes the importance of the total patient rather than looking
at one part or aspect. There is also an emphasis on all three aspects of the
theory, the three Cs, functioning together.

And for a nurse to successfully apply Hall’s theory, the individual must pass an
acute stage of illness. In this theory, no nursing contact with healthy individuals,
families, or communities contradicts the concept of health maintenance and
disease prevention.
THANK YOU!
GROUP 13
Leader: Cristina Tagod
Members:
Fevee Tuñacao
Hanah Tejano
Jessa Camus