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SAT Session 1 3-31-2022
SAT Session 1 3-31-2022
Session Overview
This session will cover:
• How to identify and correct issues with sentence structure, punctuation, and
verb agreement
Learning Objectives
After this lesson, you will be able to:
p. 14
Backsolving
Question 1
1. Last month, Khalid completed 52 more anagrams than Beatrice did. If they completed a
combined total of 138 anagrams, how many anagrams did Beatrice complete?
(A) 38
(B) 43
(C) 72
(D) 95
p. 15
Method for SAT Math
The Method for SAT Math Questions
2. A mobile service provider charges a one-time fee of $525 for the latest phone, plus n dollars
for unlimited service each month. If a customer pays $837 dollars for the first six months,
including the cost of the phone, what is the value of n ?
(A) 52
(B) 60
(C) 63
(D) 74
p. 15
Backsolving
Question 3
3. Rohit will rent a carpet-cleaning machine for $8 per hour and must purchase the cleaning
solution for $24. If Rohit has budgeted $56 for all the costs to clean his carpets and can only
rent the carpet cleaning machine for whole hours, what is the maximum number of hours for
which he can rent the carpet cleaning machine?
(A) 4
(B) 5
(C) 6
(D) 7
p. 15
Backsolving
Question 4
4. A kindergarten teacher is distributing crackers to her class for their snack. If she gives each
child 5 crackers, she will have 4 crackers left over. In order to give each child 6 crackers,
with no crackers left over, she will need 13 additional crackers. How many crackers does the
teacher have?
(A) 77
(B) 84
(C) 85
(D) 89
p. 15
Learning Objective
After this lesson, you will be able to:
p. 15
Method for SAT Math
The Method for SAT Math Questions
1.
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
p. 17
Picking Numbers
Question 2
2. While on a vacation, Steve buys a 15-day fishing license. The price of a 15-day fishing
license is 30 percent of the price of a 1-year fishing license. In addition, Steve pays an 8
percent sales tax. If c represents the price of a 1-year fishing license, which of the following
represents Steve’s total cost, in terms of c ?
(A) 0.324c
(C) c – 0.62c
(D) 1.38c
p. 17
Picking Numbers
Question 3
3. Natasha planted perennial flowers in her garden in 2015. Because of a severe winter, the number
of flowers that bloomed in 2016 was only 60 percent of the number that bloomed in 2015.
However, two mild winters caused the 2017 flower count to be 20 percent greater than in 2016
and the 2018 flower count to be 25 percent greater than in 2017. How many flowers bloomed in
2018 as a percent of the original 2015 number?
(A) 72%
(B) 81%
(C) 90%
(D) 105%
p. 17
Learning Objective
After this lesson, you will be able to:
• Isolate a variable
p. 22
Solving Equations
Always do the same thing to both sides of an equation:
Isolating a variable means getting it all by itself on one side of an equation. It usually makes sense to
proceed in this order:
p. 22
Solving Equations
Isolate the variable in each equation.
• 7( x + 2) = 24 − 3(2 − x)
3c 2c 1
• − =
4 5 4
1
B
• Isolate s: = ( s + t )a
3
p. 22
Isolating a Variable
Question 1
(A)
(B)
(C) 7
(D) 14
p. 23
Isolating a Variable
Question 2
p. 23
Isolating a Variable
Question 3
(A) 9
(B)
(C)
(D)
p. 23
Isolating a Variable
Question 4
4. A dog agility competition uses the formula above to calculate each dog’s final score, F, by
subtracting one half the number of tasks that result in errors, e, from the number of tasks that
are completed successfully, t, and dividing by the total number of tasks. Which of the
following expresses the number of tasks that result in errors in terms of the other variables?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
p. 23
5 Minutes on Stress Reduction
After this lesson, you will be able to:
Stress hormones
Physical symptoms
Impaired thinking
Fixed Mindset vs. Growth Mindset
Fixed Mindset Growth Mindset
“I’m not good at this.” “I’m not good at this yet.”
• Breathing
p. 206
Method for SAT Writing & Language
p. 206
Applying the Method
The Life Cycle of the Cyclorama
Your field of vision fills with a larger-than-life panorama of the sun rising over
a magnificent battlefield landscape. 1 One finds oneself fully immersed. The soldiers’
resolute expressions coupled with a soaring orchestral score conjure a wave of consuming
emotions—patriotism, companionship, pride.
1. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 207
Applying the Method
This description seems to reflect a trip to the modern cinema to view a war
epic, yet such an experience could have actually occurred in a nineteenth-century
cyclorama decades before the advent of films. 2 These were essentially massive 360-
degree paintings, four stories high and as long as a football field if rolled out lengthwise,
showcased in a circular building.
2. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 207
Applying the Method
Patrons would climb a staircase to a viewing platform in the center of the display, which
provided an immersive viewing experience that was revolutionary for its time. The
spectacle was amplified by 3 dramatic lighting, instrumental accompaniment, riveting
narration, and three-dimensional visual props such as mannequins.
3. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 207
Applying the Method
4 Entrepreneurs in many major American and European cities displayed cyclorama
paintings in specially constructed buildings, which toured from city to city and
fascinated multitudes.
Despite cycloramas’ popularity in the late nineteenth century, few today have
even heard of a cyclorama, let alone actually viewed one. Cycloramas, like many once
cutting-edge experiences, were replaced as technology evolved.
4. (A) NO CHANGE
(D) Many major American and European cities had entrepreneurs who decided
to construct special buildings to display cyclorama paintings,
p. 207
Applying the Method
Ultimately, movie theaters replaced cycloramas. Indeed, both forms of entertainment
shared obvious similarities: larger-than-life visuals, a musical score, and a collective
viewing experience. A movie, however, could attract new audiences every week when
a new reel—certainly easier to transport than a building-size painting—arrived at the
theater. 5 Movies also boasted the obvious advantage that their image’s were not static.
(B) Yes, because it explains a detail that was mentioned earlier in the paragraph.
(C) No, because it is imprecise about how much money would be made.
(D) No, because it adds information that is not relevant to the paragraph's main idea.
p. 208
Applying the Method
A movie, however, could attract new audiences every week when a new reel—certainly
easier to transport than a building-size painting—arrived at the theater. Movies also
boasted the obvious advantage that 6 their image’s were not static.
(A) NO CHANGE
p. 208
Applying the Method
Our forms of immersive art today include virtual reality and, of course,
movies, but there is something about the imposing nature of cycloramas that “smaller”
media may never quite capture. The concept of the cyclorama is at once both
7 old-fashioned and powerful, perhaps the creation of a modern one could facilitate a
celebration of art’s ability to bring about both a profoundly physical and deeply emotional
shared experience.
7. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 208
Learning Objectives
After this lesson, you will be able to:
p. 209
Sentence Fragments
A sentence must have a subject and verb and express a complete
thought. If any of those parts is missing, the sentence is a fragment:
Missing
Example Corrected Sentence
Element
p. 209
Run-Ons
If a sentence has two independent clauses, they must be correctly
connected. If not, the sentence is a run-on: Annabelle likes to read,
she visits the library often.
1. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 210
Sentence Fragments & Run-Ons
The cars were noisy, rough-riding, and dirty from the dust and soot that entered the cars
as they rolled behind the coal-burning locomotives. Overnight “sleeper” cars were
equipped with little more than thin, uncomfortable mattresses arranged on the
2 floor. Or on simple, shelf-like berths.
2. (A) NO CHANGE
(B) floor, or
(C) floor or
p. 210
Sentence Fragments & Run-Ons
3 In 1858, after experiencing a particularly miserable overnight train trip
across upstate New York, George Pullman was inspired to design a new and improved
passenger railcar. He designed and built a car that included comfortable sleeping berths
for all its passengers.
3. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 210
Sentence Fragments & Run-Ons
During the day, these berths folded up, somewhat like a modern passenger jet’s
overhead luggage compartments do. At night, the berths folded down to form
comfortable sleeping compartments that were curtained off from the car’s main
compartment for 4 privacy, below these berths, the facing seats folded together
to convert into a second level of lower sleeping berths. The cars were also equipped
with separate men’s and women’s washrooms at each end.
4. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 210
Sentence Fragments & Run-Ons
The greatly improved comfort afforded by Pullman’s car gained rapid
5 success and in 1862, Pullman formed the Pullman Palace Car Company to
produce and operate passenger railcars for the major railroads. His company began
making sleeper cars that featured ornately-decorated interiors and luxurious amenities,
such as richly upholstered seats, plush carpeting, fine draperies, bright lighting, and
card tables to keep passengers entertained. On the outside of the cars, superior wheels
and better axles made for a quieter, smoother ride.
5. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 211
Sentence Fragments & Run-Ons
The Pullman Company 6 prospered, came to dominate the passenger railcar
industry, holding a virtual monopoly on the production of railroad passenger cars.
As railroads became the dominant form of long-distance travel throughout the second
half of the 19th century, the Pullman Company flourished. George Pullman continued
as its president until his death in 1897. It’s a tribute to the success of Pullman's idea
that his company continued to operate for over a century, well into the 1980s.
6. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 211
Learning Objectives
After this lesson, you will be able to:
p. 212
Sentence Structure
Identify the comma issues in the following sentences.
n/a
Sentence Structure
Identify the punctuation issues in the following sentences.
(A) NO CHANGE
(B) heels—specifically,
p. 213
Punctuation
The increased stability heels provided was particularly critical for Persian horse archers,
who had to be able to stand while riding a galloping horse and shoot at the same time.
The specialized footwear spread outside of soldiery as a status symbol: maintaining a
horse was expensive, so wearing 2 heeled, riding shoes served as a demonstration of
wealth.
2. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 213
Punctuation
In the 1600s, Persian emissaries brought high heels to Europe not as riding
shoes but as status symbols. Noblemen wore high 3 heels—typically constructed of
costly silk and lace, as a class signifier.
3. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 213
Punctuation
4 Although only a person of wealth and leisure could afford a shoe so impractical for
everyday labor, heeled shoes fashioned from less expensive materials grew popular
among the lower classes. This led wealthy men to flaunt higher and higher heels to
distinguish themselves. The trend grew so contentious in the 1700s that authorities
began to regulate maximum shoe heights for different classes.
4. (A) NO CHANGE
(B) Only
p. 213
Punctuation
The woes of the status-conscious continued, however, for soon women
adopted high heels as well, forcing male aristocrats to find a new way to differentiate
themselves: heel width. Men sported thick heels, while women donned 5 narrower,
daintier versions.
5. (A) NO CHANGE
(C) narrower—daintier
(D) narrower
p. 213
Punctuation
Opinions about the high heel changed as the Enlightenment ideal of rationality spread
during the late 1700s. Men gradually stopped wearing high 6 heels and the footwear
became increasingly associated with women’s supposed frivolity. Heels experienced an
even sharper dip in popularity after the French Revolution as aristocratic extravagance
came to be decried rather than emulated.
6. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 214
Punctuation
Yet the high heel never entirely disappeared, and, after decades of obscurity,
it eventually started making a comeback. Historians have proposed numerous reasons
for its 7 resurgence; the rise of mass production, the heel’s promotion by fashion
designers, and the increase in cultural interchange prompted by two world wars.
Regardless of the causes, the high heel is more prevalent than ever before—a social
signifier whose message continues to evolve.
7. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 214
Learning Objectives
After this lesson, you will be able to:
p. 215
Verb Tense
Type of
Past Present Future
Action
Single action
The chef burned The chef burns The chef will burn
occurring
some burritos. some burritos. some burritos.
only once
The chef was The chef is The chef will be
Action that
burning some burning some burning some
is ongoing at
burritos during the burritos during the burritos during the
some point
second shift this second shift this second shift this
in time
evening. evening. evening.
The chef had
The chef will have
Action that already burnt The chef has burnt
burnt some
is completed some burritos some burritos, but
burritos by the
before some before dinner he feels sorry for
time he quits the
other action guests began to it.
restaurant.
arrive.
p. 215
Agreement
• Correct subject/verb agreement: The frogs swim.
• “And” can make a compound/plural subject: The lion and the wolf are hunting.
• When joining singular nouns, “or” does not make a plural subject: Either the
lion or the wolf is hunting.
• Collective nouns are singular: The band records its first hit.
p. 215
Agreement
Is Rap Poetry?
Since rap music emerged in the 1970s, a debate 1 have raged about the
status of rap within the arts.
1. (A) NO CHANGE
(C) raged
(D) raging
p. 216
Agreement
Although rap songs, like poetry, 2 contain rhyme, rhythm, and commentary on life,
many critics argue that these similarities alone are insufficient to consider rap a type
of poetry.
2. (A) NO CHANGE
(B) contains
(C) contained
(D) containing
p. 216
Agreement
Author and commentator Amy Smolcic disagrees. She argues that, although
mediocre rap songs do not deserve to be classified as poetry, many rap songs
3 are aiming “to question the dominant cultural, political, philosophical and economic
consensus.” If a rap song does so with “lyrics that are intricate and complex,” she considers
it a type of modern poetry.
3. (A) NO CHANGE
(B) aim
(C) aims
(D) aiming
p. 216
Agreement
According to Smolcic, the best rappers set everyday speech to rhythm
for the purpose of evoking moods, conveying feelings, and critiquing contemporary
situations. This recalls the words of the early twentieth-century poet W. B. Yeats, who
4 describe poetry as “an elaboration of the rhythms of common speech and their
association with profound feeling.” Although Smolcic acknowledges that most rap
songs do not meet this standard, she contends that some do. If a rap song creatively
uses metaphor, rhyme, and rhythm to convey an imaginative point of view, Smolcic
believes it is poetry.
4. (A) NO CHANGE
(B) is describing
(C) describing
(D) described
p. 216
Agreement
Critic Micah Mattix 5 is disagreeing. Because rap is incomplete without
music and poetry is not, Mattix proposes that they are two different art forms. He
argues that poetry is complete in the words of the poem alone but that rap lyrics are
“crafted to go with external rhythm and notes.”
5. (A) NO CHANGE
(D) disagrees
p. 217
Agreement
Mattix may disagree with classifying rap as poetry, but he 6 recognized
that some rap songs demonstrate skillful use of language, rhythm, and rhyme. He
argues that these songs can stand on their own and should be evaluated on their own
merits, as opposed to conflating them with poetry.
6. (A) NO CHANGE
(B) recognizing
(C) recognizes
(D) recognize
p. 217
Agreement
Rap music has been a part of the performance arts for almost half a century.
The group of literary critics who continue to ignore the best work of these influential
and popular artists 7 is neglecting its responsibility to promote and develop modern
artistic expression. The question whether to include rap in the poetic genre or to simply
measure rap songs against one another will be answered through this discourse.
7. (A) NO CHANGE
p. 217
Reflect
• What strategies can you use instead of traditional math on every question?
• What does it mean to have a growth mindset, and do you have one yet?
• What type of errors might you be asked to correct in the SAT Writing and
Language section?
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