ZnO and their Heterojunction with Spatial

Charge Separation for Efficient Removal

of Methylene Blue and antibacterial study

• KOMAL AROOSH
• ID: S2019140032
• MS CHEMISTRY
 Water Pollution

Water pollution is the release of

substances into the water that Sources
Industrial
makes water unsafe for human use waste
and disrupts aquatic ecosystems. It
can be caused by different
contaminants, including toxic
waste, petroleum,
and disease-causing Marine
microorganisms. Dumping Sewage
 WATER USED IN TEXTILE DYEING AND
FINISHING WOVEN CLOTHES
WATER USED IN TEXTILE DYEING AND
Prepation
FINISHING-FIBER AND YARN
27%
Boilrers
10%
Batch
Dyeing Finishing
50% 15%
Boilers
10%

Finishing
13%

Batch Dyeing
75%

During the dyeing process, in textile sectors, about 15-50 % azo type textile dyes do not
combine with the fabric and got out with the wastewater.
 Methylene Blue Dye

• Blue cationic thiazine dye

• Chemical formula is C16H18N3SCl
Properties • Water Soluble
• Dying cotton, silk and wood

• Nausea
• Eye burns
Harmful Effects • Inhalation causes difficulty in breathing
• causes burning sensation and vomiting

5
Photocatalytic Mechanism

Intermediate Products
CB

CO2 + H2O
Superoxide anion

Recombination
Excitement

+
Hydroxyl radical

VB
Zinc Oxide as a Photocatalyst
Problems & Solution in ZnO as Photocatalyst

Photocatalytic
properties under Solution
UV light
irradiations
Do not initiate
the self-cleaning
Wide bandgap process under
lower energy Doping
photon.

Problems
Composite

8
 Antibacterial Activity

• The solid medium is poured in the petri

dishes .
• The cultured bacteria were spread on the gel
uniformly using swab.
• Using a whole puncture, standard size hole
was punched into the gel.
Preparation Preparation • 100 µl of sample was pour into the well of
of of Solid each ppm solution.
inoculum Medium • Petridishes were placed into the incubator for
about 24-48 hours at 37 °C.
• Standard procedure was carried
out to check the zone of inhibition
obtained.
 Results

ZnO is an effective catalyst for the degradation of methylene

blue and for the inactivation of pathogens.

The doping and composites of ZnO helps to enhance the

degradation efficiency of methylene blue.

Due to fabrication of composites

>Bandgap decreases. >Degradation Efficiency % age increases

>Enhanced the photodegradation rate. >Excellent antibacterial performance
 References
• Retrieved from

https://wwf.panda.org/discover/knowledge_hub/teacher_resources/webfieldtrips/water_pollution/#:~:text=Sources%20an
d%20effects%20of%20water,from%20the%20atmosphere%20via%20rain.

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Reactive Black 5 azo dye on soil processes related to C and N cycling. PeerJ, 6(1), 4802.
DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4802

• Ponraj, C., Vinitha, G., and Daniel, J. (2017). Environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring & Management.
• Rafatullah, M., Sulaiman, O., Hashim, R., and Ahmad, A. (2010). Adsorption of methylene blue on low-cost
adsorbents: a review. Journal of hazardous materials, 177(1-3), 70-80.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.12.047
• Santhosh, C., Malathi, A., Daneshvar, E., Kollu, P., & Bhatnagar, A. (2018). Photocatalytic degradation of toxic
aquatic pollutants by novel magnetic 3D-TiO2@ HPGA nanocomposite. Scientific reports, 8(1), 1-15. DOI:
10.1038/s41598-018-33818-9
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