Availability of tools and equipment: Its effect in Technical Skills

Performance of Grade 11 and 12 Automotive Students of Eastern Bontoc National

Agricultural and Vocational High School School Year 2023-2024

PRESENTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE EASTERN BONTOC NATIONAL AGRICULTURAL AND

VOCATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Errin Napa-eg
Cyrus Machuli
Lawrens Falangon
Nilo Lucas

SCHOOL YEAR 2023-2024

Approval Sheet
This research entitled “Availability of tools and equipment: Its effect in Technical
Skills Performance of Grade 11 and 12 Automotive Students of Eastern Bontoc
National Agricultural and Vocational High School School Year 2023-2024” prepared by
Errin Lyzza M. Napa-eg, Cyrus Rae Machuli, Lawrens Falangon, Nilo Sven B Lucas in
partial fulfilment for the subject practical research 1 has pass final evaluation.

KIMBERLY L. AGPAD
Subject Teacher

Approved by the panel of examiner:

Teacher Teacher

NOTED BY:

HELBERT A. BINWAG
HT-Ⅲ/SHS FOCAL PERSON

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Eastern Bontoc National Agricultural and Vocational High School (EBNAVHS) offers the
track on Technology and Vocational Livelihood in Industrial Arts with Automotive Servicing as the
specialization. This specialization focuses on learning and enhancing the skills about vehicles.
Technical Vocational Livelihood education is critical in preparing students for employment in
various industries, and requires specialized equipment and facilities to provide hand-on training and
skill development. When there are lack of equipment, it can negatively impact the quality of
education, limit the scope of training, and reduce the number of students who can benefit from it
(Leitusmn, 2023).
Automotive Servicing NCI is offered in Grade 11 and 12. It is designed to enhance the
knowledge, skills and attitudes of every automotive students. It covers competencies like proper
safety procedure, auto wiring, overhauling, tune-up, changing parts of a vehicle, etc.
Lack of tools and equipment is considered to be one of the problems that our public school
has. Vocational high school must sustain complete tools and equipment in a laboratories as for
learners to understand, train properly, and be qualified working person in the future.
According to Ashley Musseau (2019) The Vocational type of education is designed to make
students “work ready” upon graduation. It provides practical education, so students develop specific
industry skills that allow them to jump right into your profession and get started. Key features of
vocational education and training are classroom training combined with hands-on training providing
students with complete understanding of concepts in their field and how to carry out the duties of their
trade.
Having lack of tools and equipment in learning in the field of automotive serving can cause
injuries, hazards, and large cost for students and TVL teachers in contributing money for buying tools
and equipment, also having a bad impact of teaching and learning with an incomplete materials can
affect the way of misunderstanding, confusion and cannot do the other actual performance because of
lack of materials. These problem can lead absence of knowledge and training for automotive students
of Eastern Bontoc National Agricultural and Vocational High School.
The goal of this study was to determine the impact that tools and equipment availability had
on the technical performance of automotive students in grade 11 and 12 at Eastern Bontoc National
Agricultural and Vocational High School school year 2023-2024.
Statement of the problem
This study examines equipment accessibility and the impact it has on automotive students’
technical skill performance
More specially, the following question were the focus of this study:
1. What are the available tools and equipment?
2. How do respondents assess their technical skills as to the following in relation to the
available tools and equipment?
I. For Grade 11 automotive students:
a. Assembling and Disassembling of Engine
II. For Grade 12 automotive students:
b. Assembling and Disassembling of Engine
c. Assembling and Disassembling of Brake System
d. Engine Tune-up
e. Auto electrical wiring
f. Assembling and Disassembling of Coil Spring

Significance of the study

The result of the study will be beneficial to the following:

To the automotive teacher, this study helps them to make positive form for teaching
automotive students to improve their technical skill despite the availability of tools and equipment in
the laboratory.
To the School Administrator, this study can be a basis to amend and improve program for
school advancement particularly on automotive servicing.
To the further researcher, this study can serve as a theory for the upcoming study related to
availability of tools and equipment and its effect in Technical Skills Performance of automotive
students.

Scope and delimitation

This study focused only on the effect of the availability of tools and equipment on the
technical skills of the automotive students for school year 2023-2024. Respondents of the study are 33
SHS automotive students of EBNAVHS for the current school year, selected using Purposive
Sampling. This study focuses only in the availability of tools and equipment is SHS Automotive
Laboratory and does not cover the other tools and equipment within the school.
Conceptual framework

Availability of
tools and
Equipment

Survey by using
Questionnaire,
Descriptive-
Inferential Analysis

-Level of technical skill

performance of automotive
students
-Effect in Technical Skills
Performance of Automotive
Students

Definition of terms
Automotive- Specialising in appliances and parts for cars, trucks, and other vehicles propelled
by a self-contained motor, engine, or the like.
Availability- It refers to the quality, state of being available of something.
Equipment- It refers to something with items necessary for a particular purpose.
Performance- This refers to an action or process of carrying out or accomplishing an action,
task, or function.
Skill- It refers to the ability to use one’s knowledge effectively and readily in execution or
performance.
Technical- This refers to having special and usually practical knowledge especially of a
mechanical or scientific subject and characteristic of specialization.
Review of Related Literature
Lack of material is one of the problem that are public school has. Because of this problems,
teachers and students are spending their own money in buying materials that will sustain the
productivity of the lesson that they tackle specially in the TVL strand. Lack of tools and equipment
has a big impact in the process of actual teaching and learning of the TVL students, through this
problem teaching learning process will not become productive and conductive (Eddie, 2019).
According to Norva (2020) “Automotive tools have been designed to make automotive
repairs, modifications and servicing easy, making them essential for use when working on vehicles.
Without the right tools on hand, you will find it difficult to complete the tasks you need to perform
without errors or delays. Coupled with the right equipment and skills, automotive tools can help you
solve almost every issue that a vehicle might experience.”
Study of Osagie (2015) showed that a dearth of qualified teachers for vocational and technical
subject, poor infrastructure, lack of equipment and instructional materials books in Nigeria affects the
vocational and technical education.
Moreover, the study of Kumazhge, et.al (2014) identified that gross inadequacy of
infrastructural facilities, tools, and equipment caused the dearth of practical skills in technical college
graduates. They suggest thattheir government must give their statements adequate faculties and
laboratories and also develop the teacher training performance of the technical teachers.
Additionally, result of the study of Rolly (2018) states that lack of equipment in technical
vocational schools affects the student’s learning such as their skills and knowledge.
Bloom (2019) reiterates that teaching for mastery encourages lifelong learning. Mastery
Learning ensures students to obtain mastery in a given topic before moving on the next unit. Students
can achieve mastery if they are allowed to learn the tools and equipment at their own pace.
On the other hand, Act. (2009) proved that strong academic achievement, technical skill,
certainty of occupational choice, which readiness promote degree and job attainment on covers of
interest and job satisfaction helps high school graduates to enter college. It means that academic and
technical skills are still essential.

METHODOLOGY
Research design
This research study used Descriptive and Inferential analysis. According to Sirisilla (2023)
“Descriptive Research Design is a powerful tool used by scientist and researchers to gather
information about a particular group or phenomenon. This type of research provides a detailed and
accurate picture of the characteristics and behaviour of a particular population or subject”. Inferential
analysis allows users to infer or conclude trends about a larger population based on the sample that are
analysed. It takes data from a sample and then makes conclusion about larger group. This analyse
sampling to make predictions about larger populations (Calvello M. 2020).
Descriptive survey is used to analyse and to interpret the findings of this study about the
available tools and equipment and its effect to the senior high school automotive students of
EBNAVHS. On the other hand, this study also used inferential correlation method as to investigate
the relationship between the available tools and equipment to its effect to the senior high school
automotive students of EBNAVHS.
In choosing the respondents the researchers uses Simple Random Sampling. A simple random
sample is a randomly selected subset of a population. In this sampling method, each member of the
population has an exactly equal chance of being selected (Thomas L. 2020)
Population and Locale of the study
This study is conducted at Estern Bontoc National Agricultural Vocational High School,
Lingoy, Chatol, Barlig, Mountain Province. Total of 32 automotive students will be the respondent of
the study selected through purposive sampling. The researcher choose this location because of its
convenience to the study and the respondents.

Data collection instrument

This study will be using a survey questionnaire as an instrument to collect data. According to
Preston V. (2009) questioner surveys are technique for gathering statistical information about the
attributes, attitudes, or actions of a population by a structured set of questions. The aim is to obtain
information suitable for statistical analysis, so attention is paid to how respondents are selected, the
extent to which questions relate to underlying concepts, and completion rates.

Data Collection Procedure

The researchers will write a letter asking permission to the school principal of EBNAVHS to
conduct a study within the school. After approval of the principal, researchers will begin collecting
data to the senior high school automotive students of EBNAVHS. A questionnaire will be distributed
to the respondents. Lastly the researcher will be collecting the answered questionnaire for data
tabulation.

Treatment of Data
 After collecting the data, the researcher will have tabulated and analysed the data with the
help of statistical tools. The data will be analyse using Descriptive Analysis in the Microsoft Excel
and will be presented by the use of Frequency tables and weighted mean.
Additionally the scores accumulated by every student and it will be analysed using
the following rating scale:
4.20-5 Strongly Disagree
3.40-4.19 Disagree
2.60-3.39 Undecided
1.80-2.59 Agree
1-1.79 Strongly Agree

Liker scale

4.20-5 Outstanding
3.40-4.19 Very Good
2.60-3.39 Good
1.80-2.59 Fair
1-1.79 Needs Improvement
 PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
This chapter will include the presentation, analysis and interpretation of data.
Table 1. Available Tools and Equipment
Table 1 shows the available tools and equipment which corresponds to the specified skills in
automotive servicing.

Skill
Assembling and Disassembling of Engine Socket wrench
Combination wrench
Mallet
Flat screw driver
Philip screw driver
Oil Filter wrench
Long nose plier
Combination plier
Vice grip
C-clamp
Spark plug wrench

Assembling and Disassembling of Brake Socket wrench

System Combination wrench
Flat screw driver
Philip screw driver

Engine Tune-up Socket wrench

Combination wrench
Flat screw driver
Philip screw driver
Feeler gauge
Deep stick
Battery
Wire
Wire stripper
Auto Electrical Wiring Wire stripper
Flat screw driver
Philip screw driver
Tester/ Test light
Assembling and Disassembling of Coil Spring Socket wrench
Combination wrench
Clamp

Based from the table, the tools and equipment under the auto electrical wiring, engine tune-
up, and assembling and disassembling of brake system are complete. On the other hand the tools and
equipment in performing assembling and disassembling of engine and coil spring are incomplete. The
incomplete tools to be needed are coil spring compressor, shock absorber spring compressor, and coil
spring spacers in performing assembling and disassembling of coil spring, and in performing
assembling and disassembling of engine there must be a jack stand, engine flip frame, and electric
torque.
Table 2. Assessment of respondents to their technical skills in relation to the availability of tools and
equipment.

Skills Mean Description

Assembling and
Disassembling of engine 2. 85 Good
Grade 11 (Cylinder head, Engine
block, Crankcase/ oil
pan)
Assembling and 3.69 Very good
Disassembling of Engine
Assembling and
Disassembling of Brake 3.54 Very good
Grade 12 System
Engine Tune-up 3.62 Very good
Auto Electrical Wiring 3.15 Good
Assembling and
Disassembling of Coil 3.54 Very good
Spring

Table 2 present the result of the assessment of respondents to their technical skills in relation
to the available tools and equipment.
Based on the table shown, the grade 11 automotive students got an average of 2.85 that
indicates that they are good in performing Assembling and Disassembling of Engine. On the other
hand, the grade 12 automotive students got an average of 3.69 in Assembling and Disassembling of
Engine with a description of Very Good performance, 3.54 in Assembling and Disassembling of
Brake System with a description of Very Good Performance, 3.62 in Engine Tune-up with a
description of Very Good performance, 3.15 in Auto Electrical Wiring with a description of Good
performance, and 3.54 in Assembling and Disassembling of Coil Spring with a description of Very
Good Performance.

\
 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary
The study was conducted to be able to know if the Availability of tools and equipment affects
the technical performance skills of the grade 11 and grade 12 students of EBNAVHS and to suggest
and recommend solutions if the study shows that it does affect the technical performance of the
students. This study used Descriptive and Inferential analysis as research designs wherein Descriptive
analysis is used to gather detailed information about a particular group or phenomenon while
Inferential analysis is used to infer or conclude trends about a larger population based on the sample
that are analysed which are done by the researchers. Descriptive survey is used to analyse and to
interpret the findings of this study about the available tools and equipment and its effect to the Senior
High Automotive students of EBNAVHS. The researchers used Inferential correlation method to
investigate the relationship between the available tools and equipment to its effect to the technical
performance of the students. Researchers chose to use simple random sampling wherein they select
randomly among the 35 total population of Automotive students to have an equal chance to be
selected to have 32 respondents.

Conclusion
To conclude, the study of availability of tools and equipment: It's effect in the technical skills
Performance of grade 11 and 12 Automotive students of EBNAVHS School Year 2023-2024 basing
from the tables, it shows that the availability of tools and equipment does affect the technical
performance of the students. Some of the tools and equipment are not available to properly perform
the technical skills which affected the students' performance where none achieved an outstanding
performance, it all falls under neither Good and Very good performances.
In conclusion, the Grade 11 learners have a good technical skill when it comes to Assembling
and Disassembling of engine (Cylinder head, Engine block, Crankcase/ oil pan). On the other hand,
the grade 12 students have a very good performance in assembling and disassembling of engine, brake
system, coil spring, and performing engine tune-up, and a good performance in auto-electrical wiring.
Based on the result, it presents that most of the respondents can perform properly and safely
the specified skills regarding the available tools and equipment in the automotive laboratory.

Recommendation
Based from the result of the study the following are recommended
1. Requesting for the incomplete tools and equipment to be provided by the school as to achieve
an outstanding result of the automotive students to their performances.
2. Requesting for financial fund from the Municipal LGU of Barlig.
References
Ashley Musseau (2019). What is a Vocational School. Retrieved from
https://hospitalityinsights.ehl.edu/what-is-vocational-education
Bloom (2019). How Mastery Helps Every Students Succeed. Retrieved from
https://www.prodigygame.com/mainen/blog/mastery-learning/
Eddie, (2019). https://www.quora.com/What-is-the-purpose-of-the-study-of-unavailability-of-tools-
and-equipment-in-TVL-concept-paper-samples
Kumazhge, et.al, (2014). Technical Teachers’ Perception of Factors Affecting Practical Skill
Acquisition among Technical College Graduates in Adamawa State Nigeria. Retrieved from
dregunsola2010@yahoo.com, dregunsola@gmail.com
Leitusmn, (2023). Significant of the study about lack of equipment in TVL. Retrieved from
https://brainly.ph/question/31043113
Makarova, (2019), Impact of a Lack of automotive Equipment on Student. Retrieved from
https://www.coursehero.com/file/161215400/Impact-of-a-Lack-of-Automotive-Equipment-
on-Student-Performance1editeddocx/
Norva (2020).Automotive Tool List: 9 Essential Automotive Tools-Blog. Retrieved from
https://www.norvatools.com.au/blog/9-essential-automotive-tools.html
Okongo (2015). EFFECT OF AVAILABILITY OF TEACHING AND LEARNING RESOURCES
ON THE IMPLEMANTATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN PRE-SCHOOL CENTERS
IN NYAMIRA NORTH SUB-COUNTY, NYAMIRA COUNTY, KENYA. Retrieved from
www.iiste.org
Osagie, R. (2015). Factors Affecting the Implementation of Vocational and Technical Educational
Policy in Private Secondary School in EDO State. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333096304_FACTORS_AFFECTING_THE_IMPL
EMENTATION_OF_VOCATIONAL_AND_TECHNICAL_EDUCATION_POLICY_IN_P
RIVATE_SECONDARY_SCHOOLS-IN-EDO-STATE
Rolly, A. (2018). Lack of Equipment Inside the FBS room of San Andreas school of Masinloc.
Retrieved from https://www.scribd.com/document/523049498/Lach-of-Eequipments-Inside-
theFBS-room-ofsan-Andreas-School-of-Masinolac-final-na-talaga
https://www.ijsrp.org/research-paper-0821/ijsrp-p11633.pdf
Sirisilla, S. (2023). Bridging the Gap: Overcome these 7 flaws in descriptive research design.
Retrieved from https://www.enego.com/academy/descritive-research-desigh/