Appendix A.

Supplementary data
Supplementary Table A. Items analysis of the initial 35 items (N = 136)
Corrected Cronbach’s α if
Skewnes
No. Items + M ± SD Kurtosis item-to-total the item was
s
correlation deleted
1 I am as normal as my friends of the same age. 2.34 ± 0.84 -1.25 1.03 .67 .94
2 I am not afraid to make new friends. 2.20 ± 0.97 -1.06 0.13 .54 .95
3 I often spend time with my friends. 2.25 ± 0.83 -1.05 0.66 .53 .95
4 I feel comfortable when I am with my friends. 2.49 ± 0.66 -0.91 -0.28 .51 .95
5 I have a friend with whom I can share my secrets. 2.40 ± 0.86 -1.46 1.47 .54 .95
I can perform leisure activities (such as watching a movie or going to a coffee
6 2.70 ± 0.66 -2.42 5.74 .50 .95
shop) that my friends enjoy. ++
7 I do not hesitate to tell my friends about my cancer. 1.89 ± 0.99 -0.42 -0.93 .45 .95
My friends understand the changes in me (appearance, physical strength, etc.)
8 2.49 ± 0.67 -1.27 1.64 .49 .95
due to cancer treatment.
9 I have an interest in the opposite sex. 2.17 ± 0.76 -0.71 0.33 .52 .95
10 I do not avoid meeting an opposite-sex friend. 2.29 ± 0.78 -0.93 0.45 .72 .94
11 I am confident when I deal with a friend of the opposite sex. 2.08 ± 0.85 -0.52 -0.59 .68 .94
12 I express my feelings frankly to my opposite-sex friend. 2.06 ± 0.85 -0.55 -0.42 .58 .95
13 I can adequately manage conflicts with a friend of the opposite sex. 2.23 ± 0.73 -0.62 -0.09 .62 .95
14 I do not hesitate to talk about my cancer with my opposite-sex friend. 1.77 ± 1.04 -0.25 -1.15 .42 .95
My opposite-sex friend understands the changes in me (appearance, physical
15 2.29 ± 0.68 -0.73 0.59 .47 .95
strength, etc.) due to cancer treatment.
The changes in me (appearance, physical strength, etc.) due to cancer treatment
16 2.08 ± 0.94 -0.66 -0.58 .69 .94
do not affect my romantic relationship with the opposite sex.
17 There is no difficulty in sustaining school/work life. 2.26 ± 0.96 -1.05 -0.04 .59 .95
18 I can concentrate on my studies/work. 2.18 ± 0.89 -0.81 -0.21 .72 .94
 Corrected Cronbach’s α if
Skewnes
No. Items + M ± SD Kurtosis item-to-total the item was
s
correlation deleted
19 It is not difficult to keep up with studies/work. 2.01 ± 0.94
-0.58 -0.62 .69 .94
20 I am not afraid to compete with friends/colleagues. 2.25 ± 0.86
-1.01 0.34 .62 .95
21 I can study/work as well as people who did not suffer from childhood cancer. 2.18 ± 0.91
-0.73 -0.61 .63 .94
22 I am satisfied with my grades/achievements. 1.90 ± 0.91
-0.45 -0.61 .63 .94
Changes (such as physical strength, lethargy, depression, pain, memory decline)
23 2.10 ± 0.98 -0.79 -0.45 .74 .94
due to cancer treatment are not problematic for my academic or work life.
I do not find it difficult even if I do not take more rest than others while
24 1.85 ± 0.96 -0.32 -0.91 .62 .95
studying/working.
I actively participate in group activities (athletic competitions, school trips,
25 2.20 ± 0.97 -1.01 -0.02 .62 .95
dinner parties, etc.) at my school or workplace.
26 I know what I do well. 2.20 ± 0.77 -0.76 0.27 .47 .95
27 I have a plan for my future life. 2.19 ± 0.68 -0.40 -0.26 .51 .95
28 I am trying to achieve my dreams. 2.24 ± 0.72 -0.64 0.09 .43 .95
29 I will not hesitate to disclose my cancer treatment experience in the future at work. 2.27 ± 0.95 -1.05 -0.04 .45 .95
++
30 I do not think I can continue to rely on my parents. 2.51 ± 0.61 -1.03 1.08 .29 .95
31 I am confident of being emotionally independent of my parents in the future. 2.40 ± 0.70 -0.89 0.04 .60 .95
32 I am confident of being economically independent of my parents in the future. 2.12 ± 0.80 -0.39 -0.84 .61 .95
33 I look forward to my future marital life. 2.20 ± 0.83 -0.78 -0.10 .56 .95
34 My future spouse will understand my experience of cancer treatment. 2.44 ± 0.70 -1.12 0.98 .56 .95
++
35 There will be a solution even if cancer treatment affects my future pregnancy. 2.22 ± 0.79 -0.88 0.49 .51 .95
+ ++
M, mean; SD, standard deviation; the score range for all items is 0 to 3; deleted from the final scale.
Supplemental Table B. Participants’ demographic characteristics and SAS-YCS scores (N = 136)

Variable Category n (%) SAS-YCS t or F (p)

Sex Male 84 (61.8) 74.96 ± 17.39 2.184 (.031)
Female 52 (38.2) 68.56 ± 15.30
Age 15–19 years 79 (58.1) 71.85 ± 17.34 .542 (.589)
20–24 years 57 (41.9) 73.44 ± 16.27
+
Age at diagnosis ≤ 6 years 36 (26.7) 74.47 ± 17.06 1.636 (.184)
7–12 years 49 (36.3) 75.36 ± 16.51
13–15 years 32 (23.7) 67.66 ± 17.77
16–18 years 18 (13.3) 70.33 ± 14.73
Duration after ≤ 6 months–< 1 year 12 (9.0) 62.83 ± 16.25 2.663 (.051)
treatment + ≤ 1 year–< 2 years 11 (8.3) 70.82 ± 12.70
≤ 2 year–< 5 years 36 (27.1) 70.33 ± 16.98
≥ 5 years 74 (55.6) 75.91 ± 16.71
Diagnosis Leukemia 67 (49.2) 70.54 ± 17.53 1.107 (.349)
Lymphoma 28 (20.6) 76.54 ± 14.94
Brain tumor 16 (11.8) 75.88 ± 17.57
Solid tumor/other 25 (18.4) 71.16 ± 16.42
+
Treatment Only chemotherapy a
31 (22.8) 82.45 ± 12.09 6.127 (.001) (a>b)++
Combined therapy that
38 (27.9) 72.29 ± 17.21
included chemotherapy
Combined therapy that
64 (47.1) 67.56 ± 16.76
included transplantation b
Other 2 (1.5) 79.00 ± 24.04
Duration of None a
30 (22.2) 79.20 ± 14.50 4.221 (.007) (a>b)++
academic
≤ 1 months–< 1 year 14 (10.4) 79.64 ± 15.93
interruption due to
disease and/or ≤ 1 year–< 2 years 49 (36.3) 71.14 ± 15.46
treatment + ≥ 2 years b
42 (31.1) 67.10 ± 18.54
Currently attending Yes 108 (79.4) 72.69 ± 16.75 .231 (.818)
school
No 28 (20.6) 71.86 ± 17.53
SAS-YCS, Social Adjustment Scale for Youth Cancer Survivors; with missing value(s); ++
+

Scheffé test.
Supplemental Table C. Comparisons of differences between participants and non-
participants in the retest (N = 136)

Participants Non-participants
(n = 64) (n = 72)
Variable Category χ2 or t (p)
n (%) or n (%) or
M ± SD M ± SD
Initial SAS-YCS
72.03 ± 18.49 73.06 ± 14.93 .361 (.719)
score
Sex Male 38 (59.4) 46 (63.9) 0.292 (.589)
Female 26 (40.6) 26 (36.1)
Age 15–19 years 39 (60.9) 40 (55.6) 0.403 (.525)
20–24 years 25 (39.1) 32 (44.4)
+
Age at diagnosis ≤ 6 years 23 (35.9) 13 (18.3) 5.652 (.130)
7–12 years 21 (32.8) 28 (39.4)
13–15 years 12 (18.8) 20 (28.2)
16–18 years 8 (12.5) 10 (14.1)
Duration after ≤ 6 months–< 1 year 7 (11.1) 5 (7.2) 2.461 (.482)
treatment + ≤ 1 year–< 2 years 3 (4.7) 8 (11.4)
≤ 2 year–< 5 years 18 (28.6) 18 (25.7)
≥ 5 years 35 (55.6) 39 (55.7)
Diagnosis Leukemia 30 (46.9) 37 (51.4) 1.196 (.754)
Lymphoma 12 (18.8) 16 (22.2)
Brain tumor 8 (12.5) 8 (11.1)
Solid tumor/other 14 (21.9) 11 (15.3)
+
Treatment 19.821
Only chemotherapy 13 (20.6) 18 (25.0)
(< .001)
Combined therapy that
28 (44.4) 10 (13.9)
included chemotherapy
Combined therapy that
20 (31.7) 44 (61.1)
included transplantation
Other 2 (3.2) 0 (0.0)
Duration of None a 18 (28.6) 12 (16.7) 5.762 (.124)
academic
≤ 1 months–< 1 year 8 (12.7) 6 (8.3)
interruption due to
disease and/or ≤ 1 year–< 2 years 23 (36.5) 26 (36.1)
treatment + ≥ 2 years b
14 (22.2) 28 (38.9)
Currently attending Yes 51 (79.7) 57 (79.2) 0.006 (.940)
school
No 13 (20.3) 15 (20.8)
+
SAS-YCS, Social Adjustment Scale for Youth Cancer Survivors; with missing value(s).