STEPH: Good day. Everyone! Imagine a country
This
where every citizen has easy access to a wealth of
information, education, entertainment, and cultural
enrichment beyond what traditional media
provides. In 1997, President Fidel V. Ramos
recognized the importance of this vision and signed
Executive Order No. 436. Today, let’s all learn what
is Executive Order No. 436 and it’s impact on cable
television in the Philippines.
Here are the key points of Executive Order 436.
(Basa keypoints, salitan una gab)
STEPH: Now, let's dive into the different sections of
Executive Order 436.
GAB: Section 1: Cable television systems, which
have their own specific technology, should be kept
separate and different from telecommunications
and broadcast television services. They are not to be
mixed or integrated.
(explain)
STEPH: Section 2: The authority to regulate and
oversee the cable television industry in the
Philippines is exclusively held by the National
Telecommunications Commission (NTC).
(explain) In other words, yung National
Telecommunications Commission (NTC) lang ang
responsable sa pagcontrol and to watch over sa mga
cable television industry dito sa Pilipinas.
GAB: Section 3: Only persons, associations,
partnerships, corporations or cooperatives granted
a Provisional Authority or Certificate of Authority by
the Commission may install, operate and maintain a
cable television system or render cable television
service within a service area.
Cable television services can include advertisements
for which operators can charge fees, but they must
not insert ads into programs they carry or retransmit
without the program provider's consent.
(explain) You are required to secure some form of
authority given by the NTC before you are allowed
to operate a cable television system or service.
section also states that operators are allowed to
charge parties in exchange for advertisements. Yung
mga patalastas yun.
STEPH: Section 4: Operators of various video
programming services, including local broadcasters,
direct satellite services, and others, must not offer
cable television or related services without the
required permits and licenses as specified in this
Executive Order and relevant laws and regulations.
(explain) In simple terms, this section is setting the
rules: If these companies want to provide cable TV
or similar services, kailangan nilang kumuha ng
permit and follow the rules sa law na ito at sa ibang
relevant laws. Hindi sila pwedeng mag offer agad ng
services nang walang license or approval.
GAB: Section 5: The Commission can grant an
authorization for a cable television system in the
same area as a previous one issued two years ago if
it finds:
a) The prior operator didn't comply with their
authorization without sufficient justification.
b) The current service to subscribers is significantly
inadequate.
c) The new authorization won't create damaging
competition and aligns with investment policies in
the Executive Order.
(explain) Basically, this section states na merong
criteria para para payagan ang isang party na mag
operate sa isang area na meron nang nago operate
dati, with them being:
- The previous party did not comply with the terms
and conditions nung Commission;
- Hindi maganda yung performance ng operator,
making the people unhappy with the service being
provided to them;
- Or kapag pinayagang mag operate yung bagong
party, hindi ganun kasama yung magiging epekto sa
lumang party. Kumbaga healthy competition yung
magkakaroon.
STEPH: Section 6: A cable TV operator can rent out (explain) The Commission's job is to ensure the rules
extra space on their system to another company but are followed, and if they aren't, pwede nilang bigyan
needs approval from the Commission. ng nararapat na parusa yung mga lumabag sa rules
ng batas na ito. (they can penalize those who break
(explain) Sa section na ito, inaallow ang isang cable
the rules with fines or other punishments allowed
TV company na mag rent ng extra space sa ibang
by law.)
company basta may permission ka from the
commission bago gawin ito. GAB: Section 9: This order cancels or changes any
previous executive orders, administrative orders, or
GAB: Section 7: Receiving and sharing encoded
similar documents that conflict with it.
satellite program signals is only allowed with written
permission from the satellite programmer. (explain) Basically this section states na previous
orders or other issuances are superseded by this
(explain) This section states na kailangang may
Executive Order. For us to avoid conflicts or
written authorization from the company na
inconsistencies, itong EO na to na yung susundan.
nagmamay ari dun sa mismong satellite (I think). Di
pwedeng basta ginagamit nung mga cable operator STEPH: Section 10: This Executive Order becomes
yung satellites. This provides security dun sa mga effective immediately upon approval.
companies that own the satellites, ensuring na di sila
(explain) As stated in this section, it will become
basta basta maaabuso, and yung pag gamit nung
effective immediately upon approval, and it was
mga cable operators sa satellites is bound dun sa
signed in Manila by President Fidel V. Ramos on
agreements nila.
September 9, 1997.
STEPH: Section 8: The Commission is responsible for
enforcing this Executive Order, making rules and
That’s all for Executive Order 436. Thank you for
regulations, and, after a proper process, imposing
listening.
penalties for violations, which can include fines and
other sanctions allowed by existing laws.