9

Research 1
Quarter 2 – Module 7:
Bibliographic Format
Research 1 – Grade 9
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 2 – Module 7: Bibliographic Format
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

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Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

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 9
Research 1
Quarter 2 – Module 7:
Bibliographic Format
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Research 1 – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on

Bibliographic Format!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This containshelpful tips or strategiesthat
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

ii
Welcome to the Research 1 – Grade 9 Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on
Bibliographic Format!

The hand is one of the most symbolized part of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create, and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for
guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to
process the contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check what
you already know about the lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the current
lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to you
in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of the lesson.

This aims to help you discover and understand new concepts and
skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice to

solidify your understanding and skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer Key at the end of the module.

What I Have Learned This includes questions or

blank sentence/paragraph to be filled into process what you
learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will help you
transfer your new knowledge or skill
into real life situations or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
mastery in achieving the learning competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given to

you to enrich your knowledge or skill of the

iii
 lesson learned. This also tends retention of
learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in developing

this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module is written and designed for Grade 9 students under the Science
Technology Engineering (STE) to organize sources using appropriate bibliographic
format

After this module, you are expected to learn the following:

1. Define and explain the importance of Bibliography.

2. Describe APA Style, Chicago, and MLA Style of Bibliography.
3. Organize the given sources using APA, Chicago and MLA format of
Bibliography.

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 What I Know

Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What does APA as a bibliography format stand for?

a. American Physical Association
b. America Psychological Association
c. American Physical Associate
d. American Psychological Association
2. In hanging indention, all lines after the first of each entry in a reference list
should be __________ inch from the left margin. a. 2 inches
b. ½ inch
c. 1 inch
d. 3 inches
3. Bibliographical entries may include:
a. Collection of notes about the research agenda
b. Electronic publications
c. Interviews and dialogs
d. Maps and graphic illustrations
4. What does MLA, a reference style, stand for?
a. Manual for Language Association
b. Millennium for Language Association
c. Manual for Language Association
d. Mental and Language Association
5. Since the working bibliography is prepared in the initial stages of writing
the research paper, it is important to:
a. Copy in verbatim relevant paragraphs
b. Make as summary of the materials on hand
c. Photocopy the materials of interest
d. Write down information about the publication of materials
6. In surveying relevant materials in a book, it is important to write down
information such as:
a. Author, title, page number, publisher
b. Author, title of article, volume, and page number
c. Author, date of publication, title of the book, place of publication and
publisher
d. Author, issue number, date of publication and page number
7. What information should be listed in getting materials in an article?
a. Name of the Author, date of publication, title of article
b. Date of publication, title of article, volume, issue, and page number

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 c. Author, date of publication, title of article, volume number and issue
number and page numbers
d. Title of Article, publisher, date of publication, and page number
8. A reference list at the end of the paper is referred to as____________.
a. Final bibliography
b. General bibliography
c. Specific bibliography
d. Working bibliography
9. The usefulness of the bibliography to the readers includes _____________.
a. enabling them to verify the documentation used in the research paper
b. giving them evidences of the width of the resource materials
c. providing them information that enriches the research framework
d. providing them the relevant topics that add value to the research study
10. In APA reference style, italics should be used on what information?
a. Name of the Author and title of the book
b. Title of the book and periodicals
c. Title of article and publication
d. Year of publication and page number
11. What information in a reference is enclosed by parentheses?
a. Author
b. Date of Publication
c. Name of publication
d. Page number
12. What information is capitalized in the title of the book and subtitle in APA
reference style?
a. Only the first and second words of the title
b. Only the second and last
c. All the words in the title are capitalized
d. Only the first word
13. In Chicago style, the date publication is written in what part of citation?
a. After the name of the author
b. Before the title of the article
c. After the name of publication
d. Beginning of the title of the book
14. APA and MLA format are similar in basic rules in citing sources except?
a. Spacing of citation
b. Length of Indention
c. Capitalization of Title
d. Date Format
15. In bibliography, all major elements are separated by what kind of
punctuation? a. Comma
b. Quotation Mark
c. Slash
d. Period

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 Lesson

1 Bibliographic Format
In presenting the research report, it is very essential to follow a system of
documentation to acknowledge and give proper attribution to authors of published
materials that you used for the study. Researcher should remember that it is
important to give credit where it is due. Thus, where the knowledge of citation
guidelines comes in handy.

What’s In

Identify the term being referred to by each item. Choose the answer in the box
below. Connect and write the first letter of each term on the bullet box below to
form a word.

Basic Hypothesis Alternative Ordinal Problem

Graph Inference Library Observation Independent

Controlled Predicting Book Research Year

______________________1. A type of research which is conducted solely to come up

with new knowledge
______________________2. An explanation or interpretation made from observation
______________________3. It provides an introduction to a subject matter.
______________________4. It is considered as a research tool.
______________________5. A kind of variable that is manipulated by the researcher
______________________6. A level of measurement where values are placed into
categories which can be ranked or ordered
______________________7. A picture or visual representation of the results of study
______________________8. Repetitive search for something previously unknown
______________________9. States that there is no significant difference between two
variables
_____________________10. Stating the outcome of a future event based on the
pattern of evidence

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_____________________11. An assumption or educated guess
_____________________12. It is equal to 365 days.

Notes to the Teacher

This module allows the learner to understand the different
bibliographic format

What’s New

Read and solve the Bibliography Riddle.

The author of The source is named after a flower quite popular to

Many lovers.
She also has the same family name of that Filipino singer
who sang the popular OPM song titled "Tala". The source was
published by a press company named after the little bRowN
mammal with very big eyes which can be found in Bohol and other
areas in Visayas. You can find that press company in the city
otherwise known as The home of Mt. Apo and Durian Capital of
the
Philippines.
Its copyright year is the same year the First President from
Mindanao was elected
For you to know the title of the source, you need to look at the
words with highlighted letters
Are there letters that stand out? Connect them and You will find
out.
Uncover the mystery bibliography entry by solving the
riddle, then answer the questions that follow. Write your
answer on a separate

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 Author’s name: __________________________________
Date of Publication: ______________________________
Title of Article: ___________________________________ Name of
publisher : ______________________________

What is It

What is bibliography?
Bibliography is a list of all books, CDs, internet sites, journals, or newspapers you
used for research whether quoted in your essay and report, or not. The
bibliography is sometimes called the references, works cited, or works consulted
page.
The main purpose of an entry is to give credit to authors whose work you have
consulted in your research. It helps the readers verify the documentation cited in
the research paper. It also makes easy for a reader to find out more about your
topic by investigating into the research that you used to write your paper.

Bibliography entries must be written in a very specific format, but that will depend
on the style of writing you follow. For most academic papers, it will be either
Modern Language Association (MLA) style, American Psychological Association
(APA), or Chicago (author-date citations or footnotes/endnotes format). APA is
used in Education, Psychology, and Sciences. MLA style is used in Humanities.
Chicago style is generally used in Business, History, and Fine Arts.

American Psychological Association (APA) style is the most used to cite sources
within the social sciences. It uses a list of references instead of bibliography. The
APA Style provides clarity to papers on often complex topics. It makes papers
easier to read and understand. When sources are cited the same way each time
and the paper is written in a uniform format, it gives better flow and helps keep the
focus on the content of the paper.

Some basic rules for APA References lists are:

• All citations should be double spaced; Indent by half inch after the first line
of each entry
• Alphabetize by the first word of the entry; entries are not numbered.
• Editions of books are noted after the title in the following format: (2nd ed.)
First editions are not listed as such. If no edition is listed, omit the edition
section

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 • Italicize book and periodical titles.
• Capitalize ONLY the first letter word of a title, subtitle, and proper nouns in
titles of books and articles, no matter how they appear in a database or
catalog
• Use the abbreviations p. or pp. only for multi-page newspaper articles,
encyclopedia entries, and chapters or articles in edited books; Do not use
the abbreviation p. or pp. (or any other abbreviation) for magazine and
journal articles
• Dates are in Year, Month Day format (e.g., 1999, December 20)
• If no author is listed, begin with title
• Date is in parenthesis after the author's name (or title if no author is listed)
• Use (n.d.) if no date is given
• Personal Communication includes private letters, memo, some electronic
communication (i.e. email or messages from monarchial discussion groups),
personal interviews, telephone conversations, etc. These types of
communication are not recoverable data and therefore should not be
included on the Reference page.

Books:

Template: Author, A. A. (Year). Title of book. Publisher.

Example:

George, M. W. (2008). The elements of library research: What every student

needs to know. University Press.

Books by More than One Author:

For a book by more than one author, invert and list the names of all the authors,
regardless of number. Use commas to separate surnames and initials. Place an
ampersand (&) before the name of the last author. When a source that has three or
more authors are cited, include the name of only the first author plus “et al.”

Example:
Montoya, J., Oliveros, J., & Torres, J. (1997). Philosophical foundations of
behavior modification. Phils: Rex Bookstore.

Edited Book, No Author

Template: Editor, A. A. (Ed.). (Year). Title of book. Publisher.

Example:

Johnson, C. L., & Tuite, C. (Eds.). (2009). A companion to Jane Austen. Wiley-
Blackwell.

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Edited Book with an Author

Example:

Plath, S. (2000). The unabridged journals. K.V. Kukil (Ed.). New York, NY:
Anchor.

Edition of Books other than the first

Identify an edition other than the first or a specific volume with parentheses
following the title without any intervening punctuation

Template: Author, A. A. (Date). Title of book (xth ed.). Publisher.

Example:

Rottenberg, A. T. (2003). Elements of argument: A text and reader (7th ed.).

Bedford/St. Martins
Periodicals

• Journal Paginated by issue – If each issue of a journal begins with page 1,

give the issue number in parentheses after the volume number

Example:

Scruton, R. (1996). The eclipse of listening. The New criterion, 15 (3), 5-13

• Magazine Article – The entry for citing a magazine article includes the
author, (year and month of publication) article title, magazine title, volume
(issue), page

Example:

Henry, W. A., III. (1990, April 9). Making the grade in today’s schools. Time, 135,
28-31.

• Newspaper Article – Unlike other periodicals, p. or pp. precedes page

numbers for a newspaper reference in APA style. Single pages take p., and
multiple pages take pp.

Example:

Schultz, S. (2005, December 28). Calls made to strengthen state energy policies.
The Country today, pp. 1A, 2A

Electronic Sources

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 • Article from Online Periodical – Follow the same guidelines for printed
articles. Include all information
Template: Author, A.A., & Author, B.B. (Date of Publication). Title of Article. Title
of Online Periodical, volume number (issue number if available)
Retrieved from http://www.someaddress.com/full/url/

Example:

Bernstein, M. (2002). Ten tips on writing the living web. A list apart: For People

Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved from

https://www.alistapart.com/articles/writeliving

• Newspaper Article

Template: Author, A.A. (Year, Month Day). Title of Article. Title of Newspaper.
Retrieved from www.someaddress.com/full/url.

Example:

Welch, N. (2015, February 21). Toward an understanding of the determinants of

rural health. Retrieved from http://www.ruralhealth.org.au/welch.htm

• Electronic Books

Example:

Davis, J. (n.d.). Familiar birdsongs of the Northwest. Available from

http://www.powells.com/cgi-bin/biblio? Inkey=1-97809931686108-0

Source: Basic APA Rules Retrieved from

https://libguides.dixie.edu/c.php?g=57887&p=371724#:~:text=Some%20basic%20rules%20for%20A
PA,are%20not%20listed%20as%20suc

MLA stands for Modern Language Association

Some basic rules for MLA Work Cited lists are:

• All citations should be double spaced

• Indent after the first line of each entry (hanging indent)
• Entries are not numbered; Alphabetize by the first word of the entry
• If no author is listed, begin with title
• Italics must be used for titles of books and periodicals (If italics are used, the
font must be obviously different from the standard print)
• Capitalize the first words, the last words, and all principal words, including
those that follow hyphens in compound terms.

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 • Editions of books are noted after the title in the following format: 2nd ed.
First editions are not listed as such. If no edition is listed, omit the edition
section
• Dates are in Day-Month-Year format (e.g., 12 Dec. 1992) with all months
abbreviated to three letters followed by a period (Jan., Feb., Mar., Apr., Aug.,
Oct., Nov., Dec.) except May, June, and July, which are left as is and Sept.
• Page numbers in MLA are sometimes shortened. If the page numbers are
three or more digits, shorten the second number to two digits when possible.
Examples: 8-9; 44-49; 112-23; 492-506; 1253-66.
• For database sources, use the permalink as the URL.

Book Format
• The author’s name or a book with a single author's name appears in last
name, first name format. The basic form for a book citation is:
• Last Name, First Name. Title of Book. City of Publication, Publisher,
Publication Date.

Book with One Author

Allen, Thomas B. Vanishing Wildlife of North America. Washington, D.C.:

National Geographic Society, 1974.

Book with More Than One Author

When a book has two authors, order the authors in the same way they are
presented in the book. Start by listing the first name that appears on the book in
last name, first name format; subsequent author names appear in normal order
(first name last name format).

Example:

Hawkins, Stan, and Sarah Niblock. Prince: the Making of a Pop Music
Phenomenon. Ashgate, 2011.

If there are three or more authors, list only the first author followed by the phrase
et al. (Latin for "and others") in place of the subsequent authors' names. (Note that
there is a period after “al” in “et al.” Also note that there is never a period after the
“et” in “et al.”).

Example:

Wysocki, Anne Frances, et al. Writing New Media: Theory and Applications for.
Expanding the Teaching of Composition. Utah State UP, 2004.

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Article in a Magazine

Cite by listing the article's author, putting the title of the article in quotations
marks, and italicizing the periodical title. Follow with the date of publication.
Remember to abbreviate the month. The basic format is as follows:

Template: Author(s). "Title of Article." Title of Periodical, Day Month Year, pages.

Example:

Poniewozik, James. "TV Makes a Too-Close Call." Time, 20 Nov. 2000, pp. 70-
71.
Article in a Newspaper

Cite a newspaper article as you would do in a magazine article but note the
different pagination in most newspapers. If there is more than one edition available
for that date (as in an early and late edition of a newspaper), identify the edition
after the newspaper title.

Example:

Brubaker, Bill. "New Health Center Targets County's Uninsured

Patients." Washington Post, 24 May 2007, p. LZ01.

Electronic Sources (Including Online Databases)

Here are some common features you should try to find before citing electronic
sources in MLA style. Not every web page will provide all the following information.
However, collect as much of the following data as possible:

• Author and/or editor names (if available); last names first.

• "Article name in quotation marks."
• Title of the website, project, or book in italics.
• Any version numbers available, including editions (ed.), revisions, posting
dates, volumes (vol.), or issue numbers (no.).
• Publisher information, including the publisher name and publishing
date.
• Take note of any page numbers (p. or pp.) or paragraph numbers (par. or
pars.).
• DOI (if available), otherwise a URL (without the https://) or permalink
• Date you accessed the material (Date Accessed). While not required,
saving this information it is highly recommended, especially when dealing
with pages that change frequently or do not have a visible copyright date.

Use the following format:

• Author. "Title." Title of container (self-contained if book), Other

contributors (translators or editors), Version (edition), Number (vol.
and/or no.), Publisher, Publication Date, Location (pages, paragraphs
and/or URL, DOI or permalink). 2nd container’s title, Other contributors,

11
 Version, Number, Publisher, Publication date, Location, Date of Access (if
applicable).

Websites:

Example:

The Purdue OWL Family of Sites. The Writing Lab and OWL at Purdue and
Purdue U, 2008, owl.english.purdue.edu/owl. Accessed 23 Apr. 2008.

Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical Theory. Purdue U, 28 Nov. 2003,
www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed 10 May 2006.

E-Book

Citations for e-books closely resemble those for physical books. Simply indicate
that the book in question is an e-book by putting the term "e-book" in the "version"
slot of the MLA template (i.e., after the author, the title of the source, the title of the
container, and the names of any other contributors).

McClean, Shilo T. Digital Storytelling: The Narrative Power of Visual Effects in

Film. MIT Press, 2007. eBook Comprehensive Academic Collection

(EBSCOhost), unr.idm.oclc.org/login?url=https://search.ebscohost.com/

login.aspx?live&scope=site&ebv=EB&ppid=pp_Cover

Article in a Web Magazine

Provide the author name, article name in quotation marks, title of the web
magazine in italics, publisher name, publication date, URL, and the date of access.

Bernstein, Mark. “10 Tips on Writing the Living Web.” A List Apart: For People
Who Make Websites, 16 Aug. 2002, alistapart.com/article/writeliving.
Accessed 4 May 2009.

Article in an Online Scholarly Journal

For all online scholarly journals, provide the author(s) name(s), the name of the
article in quotation marks, the title of the publication in italics, all volume and
issue numbers, and the year of publication. Include a DOI if available, otherwise
provide a URL or permalink to help readers locate the source.

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Dolby, Nadine. “Research in Youth Culture and Policy: Current Conditions and
Future Directions.” Social Work and Society: The International Online-Only
no. 2, 2008 Journal, vol. 6. www.socwork.net/sws/article/view/60/362.
Accessed 20 May 2009.

Source: MLA Sample Works. Retrieved from

https://owl.purdue.edu/owl/research_and_citation/mla_style/mla_formatting_and_style_guide/mla_
sample_works_cited_page.html

Bibliography in Chicago Manual of Style 17th Editon

• Author Names
The author’s name is inverted, placing the last name first and separating the last
name and first name with a comma; for example, John Smith becomes Smith,
John.
• Titles
Titles of books and journals are italicized. Titles of articles, chapters, poems, etc.
are placed in quotation marks.
• Publication Information
The year of publication is listed after the publisher or journal name.
• Punctuation
In a bibliography, all major elements are separated by periods.

Books with one author: Example:

Grazer, Brian, and Charles Fishman. A Curious Mind: The Secret to a Bigger Life.
New York: Simon & Schuster, 2015.

Book by multiple authors

Two or more authors should be listed in the order they appear as authors, and not
necessarily alphabetically.

Example

Lash, Scott, and John Urry. Economies of Signs & Space. London: Sage
Publications. 1994.
Book with author and editor
In notes, CMOS prefers the abbreviation of “editor(s)” as “ed.” or “eds.,” and
translator(s) as “trans.” In bibliographic entries, these abbreviations are not used.
Instead, titles are spelled out in full. This information appears in The Chicago
Manual of Style, section 14.103.

Edward B. Tylor, Researches into the Early Development of Mankind and

the
Development of Civilization, ed. Paul Bohannan (Chicago: University of
Chicago Press,
1964)

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Periodicals

• Notes and bibliographic entries for a journal include the following: full name
of the author(s), article title, journal title, and issue information. Issue
information refers to volume, issue number, month, year, and page
number(s). For online works, retrieval information and the date of access are
also included.

Author Name:

• Notes include the author’s name as listed in the article. Bibliographic

entries, however, invert the author’s name (last name, first name)

Article Title:

• Both notes and bibliographies use quotation marks to set off the titles of
articles within the journal.

Journal Title:

• Journal titles may omit an initial “The” but should otherwise be given in full,
capitalized (headline-style), and italicized.

Issue Information:

• The volume number follows the journal title with no punctuation and is not
italicized. The issue number (if it is given) is separated from the volume
number with a comma and is preceded by “no.” The year appears in
parentheses after the volume number (or issue number if given). The year
may be preceded by a specific date, month, or season if given. Page
information follows the year. For notes, page number(s) refer only to the
cited material; the bibliography includes the first and last pages of the
article.

Example:

MacDonald, Susan Peck. “The Erasure of Language.” College Composition and

Communication 58, no. 4 (2007): 585-625.

Electronic Journals

Dates:

Even if weekly or monthly magazines are numbered by volume or issue, they are
cited by date only. When following the CMOS Note and Bibliography style, the year
is presented as shown in the examples below. When following the CMOS
AuthorDate style, the date is essential to the citation and it is not enclosed in
parentheses.

14
Page Number

Citations for journal articles may include a specific page number. Inclusive page
numbers for the entire article are often omitted in bibliographical entries, however,
because the pages of the article are often separated by many pages of unrelated
material. If page numbers are included, they should follow the date and be
preceded by a colon.

Example:

Bent, Henry E. "Professionalization of the Ph.D. Degree.” College Composition

and Communication 58, no. 4 (2007): 0-145. Accessed December 4, 2017.

http://www.jstor.org/stable/1978286.

Magazines

Notes and bibliographic entries for magazines include the following information:
author’s name, article title (enclosed by quotation marks), magazine title (italicized),
and date. Page numbers are included in notes but are omitted in bibliographic
entries. Regular departments (or regularly occurring subsections) in a magazine are
capitalized but not put in quotation marks.

Example:

Pai, Tanya. “The Squishy, Sugary History of Peeps.” Vox, April 11, 2017.
http://www.vox.com/culture/2017/4/11/15209084/peeps-easter.

Newspapers

Notes and bibliographic entries for newspapers should include the following: name
of the author (if listed), headline or column heading, newspaper name, month (often
abbreviated), day, and year. Since issues may include several editions, page
numbers are usually omitted. If an online edition of a newspaper is consulted, the
URL should be added at the end of citation

Names of Newspapers:

If the name of a newspaper begins with “The,” this word is omitted. For American
newspapers that are not well-known, a city name should be added along with the
newspaper title (see below). Additionally, a state abbreviation may be added in
parentheses after the city name.

Example:

Farhad Manjoo, “Snap Makes a Bet on the Cultural Supremacy of the

Camera,” New York Times, March 8, 2017,
https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/08/technology/snap-makes-a-bet-

15
 on-the-cultural-supremacy-of-the-camera.html.

Source; Chicago Manual Style Retrieved from

https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide/citation-guide-
1.html?fbclid=IwAR38VEHg-BUj8eZlG2ZiailCfEuVy5WAyq9yEoy8_-tDh15e4JoK50k9EGY

Similarities and Differences of APA, MLA, CHICAGO Style

Bibliographic Style APA, MLA, Chicago

-Papers are double spaced. These

include the works cited or reference
pages. Hanging indents 1/2inch are
used for citation in APA and MLA

-Citations are listed alphabetically on

Similarities the references or works cited page and
used italics in title of books and
periodicals

-The first line of each entry begins at

the margin.

-In bibliography, all major elements

are separated by a period.

16
 -APA is used in the fields of
Education, Psychology, and Sciences
MLA is used in Humanities
Chicago is used in Business, History
and Fine Arts

-Essay titles in MLA and Chicago are

put in quotation marks and
allimportant words are capitalized.
APA capitalizes only the first word and
does not put punctuation marks
around the title.
Differences
-Date of publication in APA, is written
after the author’s name with a format
of year, month, year in MLA after the
name of publication with a format of
day, month year in magazine. In
Chicago, after publisher or journal
name

17
 What’s More

Fill Me: Complete the table by filling in the appropriate bibliographic information.
Choose the answer from the information inside the boxes below. A.

Author’s Name

Date of Publication

Title of the Book

Place of Publication

Publisher

Jimenez, R. O. (2006) Quezon City:

Basic Statistics Parreño, E. B. C & E Publishing,

Inc.

Title of The Book Date of Place of Publisher

Publication Publication

(2017) Lorimar Practical Metro, Manila

Publishing Inc. Research

February 2009

“Beijing’s Modern Movement”

18
 Dance Magazine

Macel, Emily

132-30

Page Number Title of Article

Title of Magazine

Name of Author Date

Title
Volu Jour of
Date URL
me nal Artic Author’s Date of
No. Title le Name Access

Bent, Henry
E. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1978286.

Accessed
December
“Professionalism of the Ph.D. Degree”

(2017)

58, no.4 College Comparison and Communication

B.

Arrange the following bibliographic information: Write the correct citation using
APA, MLA and Chicago Style:

Citation Using APA:

19
 1. (2001).
New York University Press.
Jensen, G. & Wiest, A. A.
War in the age of technology myriad faces of modern armed
conflict.

2. The war comes home:

Washington's battle against America's veterans.
University of California Press.
Glantz, A.
(2009).

3. https://www.who.int/countries/usa/ (2018).
World Health Organization.
United States of America.

4. Milkman. Faber & Faber.

https://amzn.to/2ObKrVf
(2018).
Burns, A.

5. Henry, W. A.,
& Mehta, N. S.
Beyond the melting pot.
(1990, April 9).
Time, 135, 28-31.

Citation Using MLA:

1. Ainsworth-Vincze, Cameron, and Josh Dehass.

22 Nov. 2010,
"Where Do I
Belong?" pp. 58-59.
vol. 123, no. 45,
Maclean's,

2. Henley, Patricia.

20
 The Hummingbird House.
MacMurray, 1999.

3. English Department.
Purdue U, 20 Apr. 2009,
www.cla.purdue.edu/english/
.
Accessed 31 May 2015.

4. "A Special Education." Buchman, Dana. pp. 143-48.

Mar. 2006,
Good Housekeeping,

5. Silva, Paul J.
American Psychological Association,
How to Write a Lot: A Practical Guide to Productive Academic Writing 2007.
E-book,

Citation Using Chicago Style:

1. The Ground beneath Her Feet. New York Henry Holt, 1999.
Rushdie, Salman.

2. Antokoletz, Elliot.
Musical Symbolism in the Operas of Debussy and
Bartok. New York: Oxford University Press, 2008.
doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195365825.001.0001.

3. 2007. edited by John Jaimeson, Tony Bannerman and Selena

Wong, Stewart, Bob.
"Wag of the Tail: Reflecting on Pet Ownership." In Enriching Our
Lives with Animals, 97-105.

21
 Toronto, ON: Petlove Press,

4. “Flu Shots May Reduce Risk of Heart Attacks, Strokes and Even
Death.” ” Los Angeles Times, October 22, 2013. Accessed February
11, 2014. https://articles.latimes.com/2013/oct/22/science/la-sci-
sn-flu-shotheart-attack-stroke-death-20131022. Kaplan, Karen.

5. Macel, Emily.
“Beijing’s Modern Movement.” February
2009.
Dance Magazine,

What I Have Learned

Fill in the missing parts to complete the concept Map of Bibliography

22
 Bibliography

defined as

which is cited different styles such as

similarities differences

23
 What I Can Do

Analyze the given citation entries. Identify the part that makes it incorrect. Write
the letter of the correct answer on your activity notebook.

1. Maher P. K (1969). Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. “Silica” Interscience

A B C
Publishers. Y. N. 18:4-46.
D
2. Shreve, W. (1967). Chemical Process Industries. “McGraw Hill Co.”, 190-196.
A B C D
3. Gillespie, Paula, and Neal Lerner. The Allyn and Bacon Guide to Peer Tutoring.
A B
Allyn and Bacon, (2000).
C D

4. Lundman, Susan. How to Make Vegetarian Chili. eHow,

A B
www.ehow.com/how_10727_make-vegetarian-chili.html. 6 July 2015.
C D
5. Davis, J. (nd). Familiar birdsongs of the Northwest. Available from
A B C

http://www.powells.com/cgi-bin/biblio? Inkey=1-97809931686108-0
D

Assessment

24
A. Multiple Choice: Choose the letter of the correct answer.

1. What bibliographic format is used in the field of Sciences?

a. American Psychological Association
b. Modern Language Association
c. Chicago Manual of Style
d. Turabian Format
2. In MLA style, dates are written in what format?
a. Year, Day, Month
b. Month, Day, Year
c. Day, Month, Year
d. None of the above
3. In bibliography, what part should be written first when there is no
author?
a. Title of the Book
b. Page Number
c. Date of Publication
d. Name of Publisher
4. In Chicago style, date is written after what element in citation?
a. Name of Author
b. Title of Article
c. Name of Publisher
d. Page number
5. What punctuation mark is used to separate names of more than two
authors?
a. Comma
b. Period
c. Dash
d. Quotation mark

B. FACT or BLUFF: Write Fact if the statement is true and Bluff

if it is false.

25
 ________________1. Author’s names are listed alphabetically in reverse.
order on the Works Cited page.
________________ 2. Quotation marks should be placed around the titles of
articles, poems, short stories.
________________ 3. In APA style, every word in the title is capitalized.
________________ 4. For multiple authors of the same text in your Work Cited
page, list all authors in reverse order, separated by
commas, and period at the end.
________________ 5. Editions of books are noted after the title in the following
format: 2nd ed. First editions are not listed as such.

C. CITE ME IF YOU CAN: Analyze the following Work-Cited

entries and write them in a correct format or style given.

1. A book by Ida Patron called Quantitative Research for Senior High

School. It was published by Great Books Trading in 2018. (APA)

___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

2. A printed magazine article by Ziela Valerio called “Not Your Ordinary

Teacher.” The article was published in Quezon City on 10 February 2019.
P. 5. (MLA)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

3. An internet article by Pai, Tanya. “The Squishy, Sugary History of

Peeps.”
http://www.vox.com/culture/2017/4/11/15209084/peeps-easter. Vox,
April 11, 2017.(Chicago style)

____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

26
 Additional Activities

Identify which type of source each bibliographic entry represents. Draw a for

(book), for (magazine), for (newspaper), for (website) in the box before
the number.

1. Tyson, Phyllis. “The Psychology of Women.” Journal of

the American Psychoanalytic Association 46, (1998).
361- 64

2. Caintic, H. Scientific research manual. C & E Publishing, Inc.

2008.

4. 3. Felluga, Dino. Guide to Literary and Critical

Theory. Purdue U, 28 No Nov 28 2003,
www.cla.purdue.edu/english/theory/. Accessed
10 10 May 2006.

5. 4. Kramer, Cosmo F. “A Health Threat Baffling for its Lack of a

Pattern.” New York Times 22 June 2003. natl. ed.:
A14.

27
6. 5. Bryman, A. (2004). Social research Method. 2nd
ed. Oxford
University Press.

Answer
Key

28
References
Caintic, Helen, and Juanita Cruz. Scientific Research Manual. Reprint, Quezon,
City: C & E Publishing, Inc, 2008.

Patron, Ida. Quantitative Research for Senior High School. Reprint, Quezon, City:
Great Books Trading, 2018.
Prieto, Nelia, Victoria Naval, and Teresita Carey. Practical Research for Senior High
School 2 Quantitative. Reprint, Quezon City, Metro Manila: Lorimar
Publishing, Inc., 2017.

Rabago, Lilia, and Crescencia Joaquino. Research I: A Compilation of

Instructional Enrichment Materials Special Science Classes of S & T
Oriented High Schools, 2000.

“Reference Guide for Journal Articles, Books, and Edited Book Chapters” Retrieved
from https://apastyle.apa.org/instructional-aids/reference-guide.pdf

29
“APA Style 7th Retrieved from
https://library.stritch.edu/getmedia/4186d592-6fb8-4a45-be26-
6ebaec6c975d/APAStyleGuide7

“APA Citation Worksheet” Retrieved from

https://secondary.oslis.org/cite-sources/apa%206th%20ed./apa-citation-
worksheet-pdf

“APA Format for High Student” Retrieved from

https://www.sjsu.edu/aanapisi/docs/roxannecnuddeapaactivity.pdf“

“MLA Format” Retrieved from https://www.easybib.com/guides/citation-

guides/mla

“Chicago, MLA, APA, What’s the Difference” Retrieved from

https://cmosshoptalk.com/2019/02/19/chicago-mla-apa-ap-whats-the-
difference/#:text=For%20source%20citations%2C%20Chicago%20outlines,
referred%20to%20as%20author%2Dpage.

“What is Bibliography” Retrieved from

https://www.thoughtco.com/what-is-a-bibliography-
1856905#:text=The%20bibliography%20appears%20at%20the,used%20to
%20write%20your%20paper.

“Chicago Manual Style 17th Edition” Retrieved from

https://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide/citation-guide-
1.html?fbclid=IwAR38VEHg-BUj8eZlG2ZiailCfEuVy5WAyq9yEoy8_-
tDh15e4JoK50k9EGY

30
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Region III,

Schools Division of Bataan - Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resources Management and Development Section (LRMDS)

Provincial Capitol Compound, Balanga City, Bataan

Telefax: (047) 237-2102

Email Address: bataan@deped.gov.ph

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