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Markus 1 - 2023 11 16 - USSEC - Differences in Quality and Consistency of SBM From Various Origins
Markus 1 - 2023 11 16 - USSEC - Differences in Quality and Consistency of SBM From Various Origins
Markus 1 - 2023 11 16 - USSEC - Differences in Quality and Consistency of SBM From Various Origins
Update on Maghreb
markus.wiltafsky-martin@evonik.com
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Take care of a representative sampling
Incremental
Samples
Aggregated
Sample
Sample Division &
Homogenization
Reduced Sample
Sample Division &
Homogenization
Sample for Laboratory
& Retention Sample
2 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Take care of sample preparation in the lab
Example: CP was analyzed in duplicate in SFM subsamples from the same bottle
CP1
32.5
CP2
32.0
31.5
31.0
30.5
30.0
Top1 Top2 Middle1 Middle2 Bottom
3 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Quality and Consistency
§ Quality
- Describes how good or bad something is
- Depends on the intended use
- Needs to be specified, measured, controlled
§ Consistency
- Synonyms: regularity, uniformity, homogeneity,
sameness
- in the sense of lack of variation, change, difference
- In our case: Time related
- Part of Quality
4 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
The largest variation in feed production is coming from feed ingredients
à Check variability of feed ingredients
11%
22% 22 %
67%
5 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Statistics is a valuable tool to work on consistency
Example on Standard deviation and histogram
Example:
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Egg number Weight, g (Deviation from mean)²
1 60 0
2 59 1
4
3 58 4
4 61 1
Number of samples
5 62 4
6 60 0 3
7 60 0
8 61 1
9 59 1 2
10 60 0
Mean 60 12 Sum
1,33 Sum/(n-1) 1
Standard
deviation (STD): 1,15 1,15 square root of Sum/(n-1)
0
58 59 60 61 62
! !
STD = ∑"$%!(𝑥$ − 𝑥)& Egg weight, g
"#!
6 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Histograms can be plotted as curve
! !
Mean: 60
STD = ∑"$%!(𝑥$ − 𝑥)& Standard deviation (STD): 1.15
"#!
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Example:
Egg number Weight, g (Deviation from mean)²
1 60 0 4
2 59 1
Number of samples
3 58 4
4 61 1 3
5 62 4
6 60 0
2
7 60 0
8 61 1
9 59 1 1
10 60 0
Mean 60 12 Sum of Deviations²
1,33 Sum/(n-1) 0
STD: 1,15 1,15 square root of Sum/(n-1) 57 58 59 60 61 62 63
Egg weight, g
7 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Density curve / Gaussian distribution curve / normal distribution
8 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Crude protein in soybeans from different origins
n = 1817; US: n = 636; Brazil: n = 645; Southern Cone: n = 536; years: 2012 to 2014
9 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb Cerrudo et al., 2023
CP content of SBM by Origin (n = 15612; Nov. 2022 to Oct. 2023)
AR BR US Total
Average CP 46,56 47,42 46,80 46,97
Median CP 46,72 47,48 46,85 47,01
STD 1,34 1,37 1,01 1,34
10 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Consistency over time makes the live of purchasers and feed formulators
easier
11 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Current situation: Data of January to mid of November 2023
SBM in Morocco is quite consistent
12 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Coefficient of Variation (CV = (STD/Median)*100) of CP in Morocco is at a low
level. Is further reduction possible?
Median ± STD
46.67 ± 0.99
CV of 2.12%
46.72 ± 1.10
CV of 2.35%
46.36 ± 1.71
CV of 3.69%
46.63 ± 1.13
CV of 2.42%
13 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Storage according to analyzed quality will reduce variability further
90
6 250
80
mg/kg
50 150
3
40
100
30
2
20
50
1
10
0 0 0
TIA, mg/g Glucosinolates, µmol/g Cadaverin Putrescine Histamin
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Lys Met Cys Thr Arg Ile Val
SBM SFM RSM MBM
Source: AMINODat® 6.2
17 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Impact of nutrient variability in the fedd ingredients on nutrient variability in
the finished feed
18 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Example: Impact of Feed Ingredient Variation on Dietary Variation
3000 3500
3000
2500
AME, kcal/kg DM
2500
AME, kcal/kg DM
2000 2000
1500 1500
1000
1000 y = 32.108x + 1194.6 y = 58.329x - 483.4
R² = 0.8292 R² = 0.2878 500
500 0
30 35 40 45 50 55
0 N-Retention
30 35 40 45 50 55
N-Retention, % Under-processing Over-processing
SBM 1 SBM 2 Linear (SBM 1) Linear (SBM 2) Poly. (Under-processing) Poly. (Over-processing)
23 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb Abdollahi et al., 2021 and Abdollahi et al., 2022
AME vs AMEn: Which one shall be used?
24 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Impact of processing on AME and AMEn
Lower N retention = reduced correction factor for calculation of AMEn
25 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
10 points change in N Retention => 138 to 180 kcal difference between AME
and AMEn in soybean products => 15.85 to 20.67 €/ton of SBM
300
250
200
150
0
30 35 40 45 50 55
N Retention, %
26 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
Impact of AME vs AMEn in diet formulation
Corn: AME 14.14 MJ/kg, AMEn 13.90 MJ/kg; SBM: AME 11.10 MJ/kg, AMEn 9.96 MJ/kg
Starter Grower Finisher Price differences of:
Item AME AMEn AME AMEn AME AMEn Starter: 24.19 €: 5.98%
Corn 56.63 53.40 60.84 57.86 64.89 62.16 Grower: 22.32 €: 5.72%
SBM 48% 38.48 39.00 33.75 34.22 29.02 29.46 Finisher: 20.52 USD; 5.43%
Soybean Oil 0.43 3.14 1.34 3.84 2.42 4.71
Dicalcium Phosphate 1.660 1.660 1.485 1.490 1.310 1.315
Limestone 0.960 0.953 0.890 0.882 0.816 0.811
DL-Met 0.354 0.359 0.310 0.315 0.278 0.282
L-Lys HCl 0.414 0.406 0.375 0.367 0.335 0.328
L-Thr 0.235 0.234 0.199 0.199 0.163 0.163
L-Val 0.090 0.091 0.072 0.073 0.054 0.055
Sodium bicarbonate 0.398 0.394 0.387 0.383 0.339 0.335
NaCl 0.090 0.096 0.098 0.104 0.107 0.112
Vitamin mix 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100
Mineral mix 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100 0.100
Choline chloride 0.065 0.066 0.066 0.067 0.067 0.069
Diet Costs, € 23.11.2023 380.02 404.21 367.83 390.15 357.18 377.70
27 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb Abdollahi et al., 2021
Broiler performance was not impacted by formulating on AME vs AMEn
Starter, % Grower, % Broiler Trial AME AMEn Significance
Item AME AMEn AME AMEn 0-21 d
Corn 61.81 59.03 64.09 61.08 Body weight, g 846 856 NS
SBM 48% 32.57 33.09 28.12 28.65 Feed intake, g 1104 1106 NS
Limestone 1.65 1.65 1.57 1.57 FCR 1.39 1.38 NS
Dicalcium Phosphate 1.10 1.10 0.96 0.97 21-42 d
Animal-vegetable fat 1.12 3.39 3.58 6.06 Body weight, g 1754 1763 NS
NaCl 0.40 0.04 0.40 0.40 Feed intake, g 3268 3249 NS
Premix 1.10 1.10 1.10 1.10 FCR 1.90 1.88 NS
DL-Met 0.206 0.206 0.187 0.187 0-42 d
L-Lys HCl 0.043 0.031 0.00 0.00 Body weight, g 2600 2619 NS
FCR 1.69 1.67 NS
Calculated analysis Abdominal fat, g 50.4 57.6 p < 0.01
AME, kcal/kg 3100 (3215) 3250 (3394) Carcass weight, g 1985 1996 NS
AMEn, kcal/kg (2965) (3100) (3144) 3250 Breast weight, g 492 475 NS
28 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb Lopez and Leeson, 2008
Summary and Conclusions
29 | Public | 2023 | Xth USSEC Poultry Round Table for the feed industry in Maghreb
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