field Due to electric Current (516)

Magnetic

ONE SHOT
Ajay
By Dubey siz

"NEW INDIAN ERA"

<127d(25,2100zI
 CHAPTER:10

Magnetic field Due to electric current

~
By Ajju Sir

Basics:
When current flowing through
conductor it produces
any

magnetic fields around

it -

called as
magnetic field due to

Electric current.

By Ajay Dubey Sir

Magnetic force
*

Magnetic force is a consequence

of electromagnetic force and it

is caused due to the motion of
charges.

ie F = qUBSinG

By Ajay Dubey Sir

A
&
 Motion
Cyclotron
charged particles accelerate

outwards from center

the along
spiral path-
①

12 F qVB
=

r 9VB
=

mv 2BR
=

. P 9BR
=
cyclotron:
*

which is used to
"It is a device 71

charged particle.
positively
accelerate

Principle:It is based on the fact that a

can be
accelerate
charged particle
sufficient high energyby
to a

electric And magnetic field.

oscillating

It consist of a magnet which

Construction: where
NS
is represented by

pole
North And is south
*is

By Ajay Dubey Sir

 N

Target &

7)

"through which charged particles comes out

By Ajay Dubey Sir

 let us consider D, to be negative
Working:
inside there is electric field-
and D, no

and D2 to be positive Due to this positively

will be attracted towards (D)
charged particle
inside D, and inside
enter
Now charged particle
no electric field, tar
only magnetic
⑯I there is

the charged particle entering

is
field exist. As
force, it's motion becomes
in uniform at magnetic
semicircle, Dees changes
circular As it covers
where as D1
le becomes (re)
these polarify D2

becomes (tve)
In this way charged particle
enter inside DC & cover a semicircle -
 is continue till it reaches to it's
way process
Max, speed and come outside from window to

hit the target.

Radius of the circular path:

in
force experience by charged particle

uniform magnetic field.

F qUBSino
=

F aUBSinc90)
=

By Ajay Dubey Sir

F aVB
= -
(i)

centripetal force given by

is -

the necessary
 F
v
=
-

()

0 and 2)
compare
mVz
->

qVB =
5

muz
... j = -

aVB

=
=
# (3)
5
-

·8
qB

Time taken to cover a semicircle:

By Ajay Dubey Sir

Time =
-Distance
t =
Is
put equ (3)

MV
:t = - -

V9B

&
*
t
=

Im
Total time to cover complete circle

T =
3
 Frequency:
↓
fc =
T

.
fc aB
=

By Ajay Dubey Sir

Kinetic Energy:

1.E mvz
=

We know that

u = .:
aB v
=
 2

i. k.t zm(ap)
=

.
I
k.t zmxqzp2
=

-" B.C vapL

=
 Helical Motion:

· The charged particle moves in a plane

perpendicular to magnetic field B. If
has some component of velocity
such particle
then it leads to helical motion.
parallel to B

By Ajay Dubey Sir

·
Velocity(v) leads to Circular Motion.

component (v) is parallel to B, then

· since
force Im will be
magnetic
-

· Im
= 9(F,XB) aUBsin(0)
=
= 0

complete circular
·
The distance beth two

pitch.
(helical motion) called
as

P = NCOSOT

vosOR
R
P
=
* magnetic force on a straight wire carrying
a current:
that
According to faraday's Principle We know

conductors
when current flow through the

field around it.

It produces magnetic

conductor (e)
Let us consider any straight
which current (I) is following
through field
with force (F) and producing magnetic
(B).
We can write
i.e F qVBSinO
=

Also

.
I = NeBVaSino
.

since

1 i)
:: I = nAleBVdSino
n
=

9
I

· F = neANdBlsinG
↑

:(I neAVd)
=

: F IBlsino
=

F
BIlSinO
=

·
1

By Ajay Dubey Sir

 Arbitrary shape wire:
Magnetic in

Here:

=
C

de: Infinitesimal length

- I: current

5: magnetic field

We can write

Id+B
-> (i)
length"
-

dFm
"For small surface
=

To find Force on total length of wire

Im (dm
=

Fm ISMIXE
=

By Ajay Dubey Sir

Force on a closed circuit in a magnetic field:
Let consider
any closed circuit in a magnetic
field ie
We know that
① ⑨ ⑲ ⑧ ①
I
when closed circuit
< any
⑦
① ① ⑲ ⑲
placed in a magnetic
① V ① ① ⑲ I0 field the force acting an

M
I the closed circuit get
⑧
the sides
① ① O ⑩
3 balanced from all
I
① ⑲ ① ⑨ ② Hence the magnetic force
closed circuit becomes zero.
acting on a

i.e Fm = 0
Torque on a Current loop:

6 Let consider
1->1 (oil (loop) which is
try

e placed in magnetic field

that when
We know

equal and opposite force

motion
acts on loop. The starts
loop the

due to the torque.

of Torque,
We know
that. By defination
of perpendicular
Torque magnitude
=
x

the force distance bett

two forces

i.e
 e = BIl X b
By Ajay Dubey Sir
= BIA
. 2

If coil having N no. of Rotation

iee NBIA
=

Hence this is an expression

of torque.
 coil Galvanometer:
Moving
"Galvanometer is a device

which detects the flow

of current."
that larger the
We know
the deflection
current, larger
the deflection so
And larger
the Torque
larger
so, we can write,
ea of where: Torque
2:

①: deflection
 ·% e kd
=

.:kd z
=

NBAI
:: 0 =

(BA)
By Ajay Dubey Sir
.. d =
I

constant
⑧
y

⑭
#BA
consider as

Hence deflection is

.:daI to
directly prop
flow of
current.
Magnetic dipole moment:

we know that

z NIAB
=

we can write

z N/ABsin0-(i) (In
=
terms of an angle)
knows
But we already
(ii)
(magnetic moment)
-

M = NIA -

write
from (i) and (ii) we can

Hence this is
x

MBSinQ
"

e = an expression
 potential energy:
Magnetic
Let do be the small amount of
done
work in rotating dipole through
an
angle do,
2 X do
i.e dw =

dw = MBsinodo
·:

for total work By Ajay Dubey Sir

w Jdw
=

w =

JMBSiOdO
 ...W =
MB/sinodo

W = -
MBCOSO
·:

As we know that

stored in the form of

is
work

Potential energy

U = -
MBCOSO
·

//

By Ajay Dubey Sir

Biot-Savants Law:

According to this law the magnitude of

due to current
magnetic field
at point
any

current element
element depends directly upon

and inverselyproportional
(Ide), since of angle
distance between them.
to square of
i.e dB<Ide
dB< sino

dB<t2
all the factors
combine
 dBCasino
52
where

dB ocasino
=

=Aproportionl
constant.

long straight
wise:
Current in a

know that
# we

elai 1 desino forasma

dB = L
* ley

· for total
 We can write
I
I

2/dB 2)
desinc
=

=
B
o

:: B =

20 design is

can
write
we
R

=
= -
Sino
⑭R2

A(50,52 12
=
42
+
 Now from (i)

B =

I ax)
ez 12)
+

B=rImopde e
.:

23. R2

Hence this is
an

.
.
B =
-2 expression//
 of Attraction between two long
Force
wires:
parallel
we know that

when two parallel

together then
wires placed
will acts
magnetic Force

each other due to their

on

magnetic field.
write
For first wire, we can

F = BI,l
 :F, = 172I,l
2π8

(i)
tzl
-

i F,
=

For second wise -

F2 =

- B,Izl

..Fz
⑧

F.Iel
=

:Fz =

izl-ci
By Ajay Dubey Sir
 observation, we can
say
By

F,= -
F2
cequal and oppo)
write
The Actual
force we can

in magnitude

FIzl
F
=

2π5

OR

I =
Fa
By Ajay Dubey Sir
magnetic field produced by
Current in a

circular Arc of a wire.

write
* from the fig we can

current I'
Arc AB carrying
subtended
O the
is angle
AB
by AUC

l(AB) l =

wine
of the circular
W Radius
=

de = (small element)
By Ajay Dubey Sir
 to Biot-savant's Law
: According

azzznp. zaerene
or
2

\0=9 = 1
...

: far
total magnetic field

B JOB
=

St.
=

i. B y
=

E(d 1 =

22
x
 "Hence this is An

8
&

8
B =
- expression "

Axial magnetic field produced bycurrent

In a circular loop.

Id dBCOSQdB By Ajay Dubey Sir

i
5
//
R
7 dBsind
V O I
I
a
dBcOSQ
 Suppose a circular loop of
current
electric current
(I)
radius containing
a an

We know that, from Biot.savart's

law

dB sino
=
(0 900)
=

dB
d
&

(i
=

-
* -

at point (P), the net magnetic

Now

write
field, we can

B
JdBsind
=

-". B (
=
Ede sind
 3. 3
(de
=

(sind= h)

&
·. B R de
=

:. BR =
+ 27R

B I
M27R2
* ⑦ -

4X r3

R Re
=

.: B =

Hence

22)3/2 this is
an
..
⑧
B =

, expression
Magnetic lines of a current
loop :

We know that

When current flows in

direction
Anticlockwise
then the lines of force
to south
passes from North
make current
pole and
180p5.

current
loops make high
#te.
field around the
magnetic
coil due to it's lines
circular
of force. By Ajay Dubey Sir
Ampere's Law:
The Integral magnetic field due to closed

path equal
is to the absolute parmeability
of a free space and total flowing
current

through it.
i.e
(BA) = No]

By Ajay Dubey Sir

magnetic field due to Amperians loop :

We know that
(i)
OBde Nol -
=

can write
Also we

Side =
OBdecoso
If(0 0% =

COSCO) = 1

·:
SBde =
OBde
. OBde =
Bode

:SBde 3x275 (2)

-
=

By Ajay Dubey Sir

 Now from (i) and (ii)

B X2π5
NoI =
Hence
this is An
· B
=
I expression

Note: method
By using same you

can find expression for

an

solenoid wire and Toroid

Moni
a) solenoid:
B
=

b) Toroid: B
ix
=
⑨ham You Bachaooo.