Anterolateral Abdominal wall

skin

superficial
fascia
(camper's &
scarper's fascia)
muscles (external
oblique, internal
oblique & transversus
abdominus)

extraperitoneal fatty tissue

parital layer of peritoneum

Notes:
1-Natural lines of skin are directed downward, forward almost horizontally.
2- Above the umbilicus: superficial fascia is a single fatty layer.
Below the umbilicus: it becomes thicker to divide into Scarpa’s and camper’s fascia.
3- scraper’s fascia is attached to the aponeurosis of external oblique muscles and linea
alba.

External internal Transversus

oblique oblique abdominus
External oblique:
origin insertion
Lower 8 fleshy Xiphoid process
digitations of lower Linea alba
8 ribs Pubic crest & pubic
tubercle
Anterior ½ of outer
lip of iliac crest

Internal oblique:
origin insertion
Lumbar fascia. 7th, 8th ,9th costal
Anterior2/3 of cartilage.
intermediate area of Xiphoid process.
iliac crest. Linea alba.
Lateral 2/3 of upper
surface of inguinal
ligament.

Transversus abdominus:
origin insertion
Inner surface of lower 6 costal Xiphoid process.
cartilage. Linea alba.
Lumbar fascia. Arching fibers are
Anterior 2/3 of inner lip of iliac inserted into pubic
crest. crest and pectineal
Lateral 1/3 of the upper surface of line.
inguinal ligament.

Note
Rectus abdominis:
origin insertion
Pubic crest. 5th ,6th ,7th costal
Anterior pubic cartilage.
ligament. Xiphoid process.

Pyramidalis muscle:
origin insertion
By its base from the By its apex into linea
front of symphysis abla (midway
pubis. between ambilicus
and symphysis
pubis)

Notes
Inguinal ligament: the lower aponeurotic part of external oblique
muscle which folds backward and upward upon itself.
Conjoint tendon: the lower arching fibers of transversus abdominis &
internal oblique muscles which are attached to pubic crest.
Cremasteric muscles: series of loops form a sac like around spermatic
cord and testis.
Rectus sheath: aponeurotic fibers of internal oblique muscle surround
rectus abdominis, pyramidalis muscle and superior epigastric artery
which pass through it.
 Arterial supply
Upper central part Lower central part
Superior epigastric Inferior epigastric
artery branched from artery
internal thoracic artery

Lower lateral part Lateral part

Deep circumflex iliac Lower 2 posterior
artery intercostal arteries
& four lumbar
arteries branched
from descending
abdominal aorta

Veins of abdominal wall

Deep veins:
Inferior epigastric & deep circumflex iliac veins Drain into external iliac vein.

Superior epigastric vein Drain into internal thoracic vein.

Posterior intercostal veins Drain into azygos vein.

Lumbar veins Drain into inferior venacava.

Superficial veins Nerve supply