MIDTERM EXAM IN EARTH SCIENCE

SY 2023-2024

Directions: Choose and circle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the CORRECT meaning of Goldilocks Zone?

A. tastes so sweet
B. temperature’s too hot
C. temperature’s too cold
D. temperature’s just right
2. Which of the following is NOT a factor that makes a planet habitable?
A. Liquid water
B. Available heat source
C. Extremely high temperature
D. Existence of an atmosphere
3. What are the two major requirements for the planet to become habitable?
A. Planet has specific size and shape.
B. Planet has specific temperature range and density.
C. Planet’s water should exist in solid, liquid, and gas.
D. Planet’s star should survive long enough for its planet to develop life and the
planet is in the region where water could remain liquid.
4. Which of the following DOES NOT account for the increase of carbon dioxide level in the
atmosphere?
A. Deforestation C. fossil fuel combustion
B. Plant transpiration D. photosynthetic process
5. Why is it important that a planet possesses the right temperature?
A. For the planet to sustain life.
B. For the water to remain in liquid form.
C. To transform water into three phases (solid, liquid, gas).
D. To prevent dreadful microorganisms from increasing rapidly.
6. What are the subsystems involved when carbon dioxide from the air dissolves into the
ocean?
A. the atmosphere and biosphere C. the atmosphere and hydrosphere
B. the atmosphere and geosphere D. the atmosphere and lithosphere
7. It is important to understand our earth due of the following reasons EXCEPT:
A. Humans affect earth cycles and spheres.
B. Humans are the only thinking species on earth.
C. Increased knowledge will help change the way humans live on earth.
D. Understanding our earth will help people how to manipulate the
resources to its fullest and gain a luxurious and extravagant living.
8. Which among the following mineral groups contain silicon?
A. halides B. carbonates C. sulfides D. silicates
9.What crystal shape does halite have?
A. glassy B. transparent C. hexagonal D. cubic
10. What is the measurement done by mineralogists to describe the density of a mineral? It
represents the ratio of the mass of the mineral to the mass of equal volume of water.
A. Mohs’s Scale C. Petrographic Microscopy
B. Specific Gravity D. Use of complex analytical techniques
11. What is the term used to define a mineral occurrence of sufficient size and grade or
concentration to enable extraction under the most favorable conditions?
A. Mineral deposit C. Mineral occurrence
B. Ore deposit D. Mineral resources
12. What mineral is used as a cutting tool because of its hardness?
A. Gypsum B. Diamond C. Calcite D. Galena
13. What is the name of the large group of rock-forming silicate minerals that make
up over 50% of Earth’s crust?
A. Amphibole B. Feldspar C. Mica D. Quartz
14. What is the mineral used as protective coating on steel, as die casting, as an alloying
metal with copper to make brass, and as chemical compounds in rubber and paint?
A. Calcium B. Dolomite C. Zinc D. Halite
15. What property of mineral is exhibited as it leaves a color behind after being
rubbed against a piece of unglazed porcelain?
A. Hue B. Shade C. Streak D. Stripe
16. What are the two important minerals found in your toothpaste that makes the enamel of
your teeth harder, clean, and more resistant to acid wear?
A. Calcium carbonate and Fluoride C. Calcium and Potassium
B. Sodium and Iron D. Sulfur & Gypsum
17. Although brick, steel, and glass all come from substances found in Earth’s crust, they are
NOT classified as minerals because
A. they are organic C. they are not naturally occurring.
B. they are too hard D. they have many uses.
18. Which statement about metamorphic rocks is CORRECT?
A. They are formed from the accumulated loose minerals.
B. They are formed from the cooling process of magma and lava.
C. They undergo lithification from which sediments are cemented and compacted.
D. They are formed from all types of rocks exposed to intense pressure and
temperature.
19. Which of the following is TRUE about color as one of the characteristics of a mineral?
A. Minerals of the same type can only have one color.
B. It is enough to rely on color alone to identify a mineral.
C. It is the most useful diagnostic feature in identifying a mineral.
D. Impurities can cause variety of colors in an individual mineral type.
 20. This rock-forming mineral occurs in many colors and has many industrial uses. They
are found throughout the world in metamorphic, igneous, and sedimentary rocks. Most of
them are found near Earth's surface where they are formed when a sedimentary rock with
a high aluminum content, such as shale, is subjected to heat and pressure intense enough
to produce schist or gneiss. What is it?
A. Calcite B. Garnet C. Olivine D. Pyroxene
21. If you live in areas near volcanoes, which type of rock would likely to be found in
the area?
A. Sedimentary B. Metamorphic C. Igneous D. Terrigenous
22. Which of these is NOT an example of how your community uses natural resources?
A. Chips and dip for watching a football
B. Gasoline for public transportation
C. Trees to build furniture and houses
D. Water for a community swimming pool
23. Which of the following activities at a mining site will cause the LEAST amount of
harm to wildlife?
A. Removing sediments and debris from an area that is to be mined
B. Removing soil from an area that is to be surfaced mined
C. Replacing the soil, with the lowest layers going in first
D. Removing vegetation from an area that is to be surface-mined
24. What type of resources are considered finite and cannot be replenished in a
short amount of time?
A. All energy sources C. Nonrenewable energy
B. Generation energy D. Renewable energy
25. What type of fossil fuel is used to generate gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene and can
also be used to generate electricity or to power vehicles?
A. Coal C. Oil
B. Petroleum D. Peat
26. Which of the following is an example of a geothermal energy source?
A. Geyser C. A only
B. Hot springs D. Both A and B
27. Which of the following does not belong to the group?
A. coal B. solar C. natural gas D. petroleum
28. What gas in the atmosphere primarily increases when burning fossil fuels?
A. carbon B. oxygen C. nitrogen D. hydrogen
29. What power plant transforms potential energy to kinetic energy to mechanical energy
to electrical energy?
A. geothermal B. hydropower C. wind power D. thermal
30. Which among the following is true about geothermal energy?
A. It is pollution-free C. It’s non-renewable
B. It requires treatment before use D. None of the above
31. Which of the following is the correct sequence of coal formation?
 A. anthracite-peat-lignite-bituminous
B. peat-lignite-bituminous-anthracite
C. lignite-bituminous-subbituminous-peat
D. peat-anthracite-subbituminous-bituminous
32. How does hydroelectric energy work?
A. It uses the power of the sun to turn work
B. Water freezes and then is thrown to power it
C. Water turns a piece similar to a propeller to power
D. The water heats up and it turns into water vapor to power
33. How are fossil fuels formed?
A. Dead organisms are buried
B. Fossil fuels are renewable, so they are man made
C. Dead organisms fall to the bottom of the floor and pressure and cementation
change it into fossil fuels
D. Dead organisms fall to the bottom of the floor and covered in sediment heat
and pressure turn it into fossil fuels.
34. In geothermal power plant, which order of events are taking place to produce
electricity?
i. Boiling water comes out to the Earth’s surface
ii. Water from the earth’s core finds its way to the reservoir rock and
becomes heated at high pressure
iii. The steam is separated from water where it is allowed to expand to
make the turbine rotate.
A. II, III, I C. II, I, III
B. I, II, III D. I, III, II
35. Which of the following is NOT an advantage of hydropower plant?
A. The water used to generate hydropower is renewable and storable
B. Hydropower is extremely efficient, with 90% of the water’s energy converted
into electricity
C. Hydropower plants generate greenhouse gases and other emissions.
D. Operating and maintenance costs are low
36. Which of the following correctly describes the energy transformation taking place in a
hydroelectric power plant?
A.Potential energy Kinetic energy Electrical Energy
B. Kinetic energy Potential Energy Electrical Energy
C. Mechanical energy Kinetic energy Electrical Energy
D. Mechanical energy Potential energy Electrical Energy
37.Which of these sets of words correctly completes the following sentence?
“In a geothermal power plant, burning fossil fuels are used to boil water and
produce ______ that is used to spin the _____ which then spins the ______.”
A. Generator, steam, turbine C. Turbine, generator, steam
B. Steam, generator, turbine D. Steam, turbine, generator
38. What is the relationship between sedimentary rock and fossil fuels?
A. Fossil fuels are formed within the sedimentary rocks
 B. They are both renewable resources
C. They are made from pressure and heat
D. They both take millions of years to form
39. What is the most abundant water available on Earth based on the total water?
A. Freshwater B. groundwater C. saltwater D. glaciers
40. What is the process by which water enters the small pore spaces between particles in
soil rock?
A. Percolation B. interception C. infiltration D. precipitation
41. What do you call the process in the water cycle where water vapor from plants is
released through small openings in their leaves called stomata?
A. Evaporation B. Transpiration C. Precipitation D. Runoff
42. Which of the following addresses the country’s water problem through an integrated
water management program and the development of new water resources and the
conservation of identified watershed?
A. National Water Crisis Act of 1995
B. Presidential Decree No. 424 (1974)
C. The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004
D. Executive Order No. 222 (1995)
43. What is the process by which a high percentage of precipitation is returned from the
atmosphere?
A. condensation B. rainfall C. runoff D. sublimation
44. Which of the following is NOT a way of conserving water?
A. take longer showers
B. always turn off running water
C. If it’s yellow, let it mellow
D. Reduce the flow of toilets & showerheads
45. Which of the following is ideal for agriculture?
A. Loam soil B. clay soil C. sandy soil D. silt soil
46. What is the first option in the waste management hierarchy?
A. disposal B. treatment C. recycling D. reduction
47. What layer of soil is rich in organic matter, minerals, and nutrients?
A. O Horizon (Organic Layer) C. B Horizon (Subsoil)
B. A Horizon (Topsoil) D. Horizon (Eluviation Layer)
48. Why soil is important?
A. Soil is the foundation of agriculture.
B. Soil plays a significant role in the carbon cycle.
C. Soil acts as a natural filter
D. all of the above
49. Conserving soil is essential for maintaining its fertility, preventing erosion, and
sustaining agriculture and ecosystems. Which of the following practices is NOT a
way of conserving soil?
A. Crop Rotation C. Contour Farming
B. Terracing D. Deforestation
50. Clay soil forms a fairly effective barrier against the movements of water. It also
swells and shrinks significantly as its water content changes. Sandy soil, in contrast,
allows water to move freely and does not change shape as the water content varies.
In which statement is the appropriate soil selected for its intended site?
A. sandy soil would make a good lining for a toxic waste site.
B. Clay soil would work well in a drain field.
C. Clay soil would be a good foundation for a large building.
D. Clay soil would form a good liner if a person built a pond