CHAP.

-1 ( ELECTRIC CHARGES AND FILDS)

MCQ ( 1 MARKS)

Q.1. The electric flux through a closed Gaussian surface depends upon

(A) Permittivity of the medium (B) Net charge enclosed only

(C) Net charge enclosed and permittivity of the medium

(D) Net charge enclosed, shape and size of the Gaussian surface and permittivity of the medium

Q.2. When 2 × 10¹¹ electrons are removed from a neutral metal sphere, the charge on the sphere
becomes:

(A) -16 nC (B) 16 nC (C) -32 nC (D) 32nC

Q.3. Electric flux emanating through a surface element das= 10î placed in an electric field E = 2î + 3ĵ + 4k̂
is

(A) 10 units (B) 20 units. (C) 4 units. (D) 16 units

Q.4. The force between two charges, when placed in free space, is 5N. if they are in a medium of relative
permittivity 5, the force between them will be

A. 1N B. 25N. C.2.5N D. 1/5N

Q.5. Two balls carrying charges -5μC and +8μC attract each other with a force F. If a charge of -3 μC is
added to both the balls, then the force between then will become

A. 2F B. F/2 C. F D. zero

Q.6. A-point charge +q is placed at a distance 5 cm directly above the centre of a square of side 10 cm,
as shown in Fig. What is the magnitude of the electric flux through the square?

(a) q / є₀ (b) 6q / є₀ (c) q /6 є₀ (d) 2q / є₀

Q.7. A plane surface is rotated in a uniform electric field. When is the flux of the electric field through
the surface maximum?

a. When the surface is perpendicular (90°) to the field

b. When the surface is parallel to the field

c. When the surface is at an angle of 45° with the field

d. When the surface is at an angle of 60° with the field

Q.8. If an electric dipole is kept in a uniform electric field then resultant electric force on it is:

(a) always zero (b) never zero (c) depend upon capacity of dipole (d) None

Q.9. The ratio of the electrostatic force between two-point charges in air and in a medium of dielectric
constant K is:
(a) K :1 (b) 1: K (c) K² :1 (d) 1 :1

Q.10. A point charge q = 10-¹¹ C is placed at 4 cm above a square plate (8 cm x8 cm) having charge
density 0.5 x 108 C/m². Find the flux related with it.

(a) 0.188 V-m (b) 0.12 V-m (c) 0.288 V-m (d) 0.388 V-m

SAQ ( 2 MARKS )

Q.11. Define electric dipole moment. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity? What are its SI unit?

Q.12. Plot a graph showing the variation of coulomb force (F) versus

1/r², where r is the distance between the two charges of each pair of charges: (1 µC, 2 µC) and (2 µC, – 3
µC). Interpret the graphs obtained.

Q.13. Four point charges Q, q, Q and q are placed at the corners of a square of side ‘a’ as shown in the
figure. Find the resultant electric force on a charge Q.

Q.14. Three point charges q, – 4q and 2q are placed at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC of side
‘l’ as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for the magnitude of the resultant electric force acting
on the charge q.

Q.15. Given a uniform electric field E = 5×10³ î, find the flux of this field through a square of 10 cm on a
side whose plane is parallel to the Y-Z plane. What would be the flux through the same square if the
plane makes a 30° angle with the X-axis?

SAQ ( 3 MARKS )

Q.16. (a) An infinitely long positively charged straight wire has a linear charge density λ C/m. An electron
is revolving around the wire as its centre with a constant velocity in a circular plane perpendicular to
the wire. Deduce the expression for its kinetic energy.

(b) Plot a graph of the kinetic energy as a function of charge density λ.

Q.17. State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. A cube with each side ‘a’ is kept in an electric field given by ,E⃗
= C × r̂ (as is shown in the figure) where C is a positive dimensional constant. Find out

(i) the electric flux through the cube, and (ii) the net charge inside the cube.
Q.18. A hollow cylindrical box of length 1 m and area of cross-section 25 cm² is placed in a three
dimensional coordinate system as shown in the figure. The electric field in the region is given by

E⃗ = 50 x î where E is in NC–1 and x is in metres. Find

(i) net flux through the cylinder. (ii) charge enclosed by the cylinder.

Q.19. Two point charges of + 5 × 10⁻¹⁹ C and +20 × 10⁻¹⁹ C are separated by a distance of 2 m. Find the
point on the line joining them at which electric field intensity is zero.

LAQ ( 5 MARKS )

Q.20. (i) Define torque acting on a dipole of dipole moment p placed in a uniform electric field E. Express
it in the vector form and point out the direction along which it acts.

(ii) What happens if the field is non-uniform?

(iii) What would happen if the external field E is increasing (i) parallel to p and (ii) antiparallel to p?

Q.21. Find an expression for the electric field strength at a distant point situated (i) on the axis and

(ii) along the equatorial line of an electric dipole.

Q.22. Find the electric field intensity due to a uniformly charged spherical shell at a point (i) outside the
shell and (ii) inside the shell. Plot the graph of electric field with distance from the centre of the shell.

Q.23. State Gauss theorem in electrostatics. Apply this theorem to obtain the expression for the electric
field at a point due to an infinitely long, thin, uniformly charged straight wire of linear charge density λ
C/m.

Q.24. (a) Define electric flux. Write its SI unit.

(b) Using Gauss’s law, prove that the electric field at a point due to a uniformly charged infinite plane
sheet is independent of the distance from it.

(c) How is the field directed if (i) the sheet is positively charged, (ii) negatively charged?
 CSQ ( 4 MARKS )

Q.25. When a glass rod is rubbed with silk, the rod acquires one kind of charge and the silk acquires the
second kind of charge. This is true for any pair of objects that are rubbed to be electrified. Now if the
electrified glass rod is brought in contact with silk, with which it was rubbed, they no longer attract each
other. They also do not attract or repel other light objects as they did on being electrified. Thus, the
charges acquired after rubbing are lost when the charged bodies are brought in contact. What can you
conclude from these observations? It just tells us that unlike charges acquired by the objects neutralise
or nullify each other’s effect. Therefore, the charges were named as positive and negative by the
American scientist Benjamin Franklin. We know that when we add a positive number to a negative
number of the same magnitude, the sum is zero. This might have been the philosophy in naming the
charges as positive and negative. By convention, the charge on glass rod or cat’s fur is called positive and
that on plastic rod or silk is termed negative. If an object possesses an electric charge, it is said to be
electrified or charged. When it has no charge it is said to be electrically neutral.

(1) When you charge a balloon by rubbing it on your hair this is an example of what method of
charging?

(a)Friction (b)Conduction (c)Grounding (d)Induction

(2) Neutral atoms contain equal numbers of positive __ and negative __.

(a)Electrons and Protons (b)Protons and Electrons (c)Neutrons and Electrons

(d)Protons and Neutrons

(3) Which particle in an atom can you physically manipulate?

(a)protons (b)electrons (c)neutrons (d)you can't manipulate any particle in an atom

(4) If a negatively charged rod touches a conductor, the conductor will be charged by what
method?

(a) Friction (b)Conduction (c)Induction (d)Convection

Q.26. Figure (a) shows an uncharged metallic sphere on an insulating metal stand. If we Bring a
negatively charged rod close to the metallic sphere, as shown in Fig. (b). As the rod is brought close to
the sphere, the free electrons in the sphere move away due to repulsion and start piling up at the
farther end. The near end becomes positively charged due to deficit of electrons. This process of charge
distribution stops when the net force on the free electrons inside the metal is zero. Now if we Connect
the sphere to the ground by a conducting wire. The electrons will flow to the ground while the positive
charges at the near end will remain held there due to the attractive force of the negative charges on the
rod, as shown in Fig. (c). Disconnect the sphere from the ground. The positive charge continues to be
held at the near end Fig.(d). if we remove the electrified rod. The positive charge will spread uniformly
over the sphere as shown in Fig. (e). In this experiment, the metal sphere gets charged by the process of
induction and the rod does not lose any of its charge.

1) What do you call the process of charging a conductor by bringing it near another Charged object?

(a) Induction (b) Polarisation (c) neutralization (d) conduction

(2) The negatively charged balloon is brought near the two cans. What happens?

(a)The negative charges in Can B move towards the balloon (b)The negative charges in Can A move
away from the balloon (c)The positive charges in Can B move towards the balloon (d)The positive
charges in Can A move away from the balloon

(3) Transferring a charge without touching is ___

(a)Conduction (b)Induction (c)Grounding (d)Newton’s 3rd law

(4) Due to electrostatic induction in aluminum rod due to charged plastic rod, the total charge on the
aluminum rod is

(a)Zero (b)Positive (c) Negative (d) Dual