Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals

Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals: Topic review

1) Are these statements true or false?

True False

0.5 ÷ 0.1 = 0.05

780 × 0.01 = 78

5.2 ÷ 0.01 = 520

0.38 × 0.1 = 0.038 [2]

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2) Round each number to the accuracy given.

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a) 34 892 = ……..….. (2 significant figures) [1]

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b) 0.083 276 = ……..….. (1 significant figure) [1]
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c) 14.582 = ……….... (3 significant figures) [1]
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3) a) Write down a decimal less than 0.5 that rounds to 0.50 to 2 significant figures.
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……………………. [1]
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b) Write down a decimal greater than 0.5 that rounds to 0.50 to 2 significant
figures.
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……………………. [1]
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Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals

4) Estimate and then calculate:

a) 6.2 × 0.78

Estimate ……………… Actual answer ……………………. [2]

b) 5.64 ÷ 0.6

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Estimate ……………… Actual answer ……………………. [2]

5) A particular type of grass grows 0.08 cm per day.

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Samir says that this type of grass grows more than 2 cm in four weeks.
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Is he correct?
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Yes No

Show how you worked out your answer.

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……………………………………………………………………………………………
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…………………………………………………………………………………………… [1]
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6) You are given the result 9.7 × 2.3 = 22.31

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Use this result to find:

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a) −97 × 2.3

………………………. [1]

b) 0.97 × 0.23

………………………. [1]

c) 22.31 ÷ −23

………………………. [1]

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 Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals

Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals:

Topic review mark scheme
Question Answer Mark Part marks

1 2 Award 1 mark for 3 correctly placed

ticks.

2(a) 35 000 1

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2(b) 0.08 1

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2(c) 14.6 1

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3(a) TWM Any decimal with at least 3 decimal 1
places, where 0.455 ≤ < 0.500,
e.g. 0.455, 0.4582, 0.459
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3(b) TWM Any decimal with at least 3 decimal
places, where 0.500 < < 0.505,
1

e.g. 0.501, 0.5035, 0.504

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4(a) Reasonable estimate, 1
e.g. 6.2 × 0.78 ≈ 6 × 0.8 = 4.8
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6.2 × 0.78 = 4.836 1

4(b) Reasonable estimate, 1

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e.g. 5.64 ÷ 0.6 ≈ 6 ÷ 0.6 = 10

5.64 ÷ 0.6 = 9.4 1
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5 TWM Yes, with correct working, for example 1

28 × 0.08 = 2.24 cm
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6(a) −223.1 1
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6(b) 0.2231 1
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6(c) −0.97 1
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TOTAL = 15 marks

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 Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals

5. y = 60, z = 20
6. Interior angle, exterior angle, equal, opposite, alternate, corresponding, vertically opposite, angles in a
triangle, angles in a quadrilateral.

Exercise 3
1.
a South 180° 180°
b West 270° 270°
c East 90° 090°
d Northeast 45° 045°
e Southwest 225° 225°
f Northwest 315° 315°

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2. A 050°, B 130°, C 170°, D 225°, E 260°, F 320°
3. Students’ own constructions

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4. a) 050° b) 100° c) 140° d) 320°
5. Alice made the error, reading the angle anticlockwise from North.

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6. 245°

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Consolidation exercise
1. a) alternate b) corresponding c) vertically opposite
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2. a) x = 20°, y = 120° b) x = 70°, y = 80°, z = 100° c) x = 110°, y = 70°, z = 85°
3. a) x = 120°, exterior angles equal the sum of the opposite interior angles in a triangle.
b) The angle next to x is 83°, because angles in a quadrilateral add up to 360°. So x = 97°, because
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angles on a straight line add up to 180°.

c) The opposite interior angles are 67° and 33°, so the angle next to x is 80°, thus x = 100°
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4. Yes, angle EFH = 180 – 153 = 27°, thus angle GHC = 85 + 27 = 112°. So, angle GHC is the same as
BGH, and so AB and CD are parallel.
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5. Students’ own constructions

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6. a) 040° b) 125° c) 283°

Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals

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Exercise 1
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1. a. 0.3 b. 30 c. 0.03 d. 300

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e. 15.2 f. 0.159 g. 0.02 h. 0.25

i. 16 000 j. 28.1 k. 45 (or 45.0) l. 0.65
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2. a. 0.14 b. 0.0256 c. 0.0128 d. 3.22

e. 140 f. 25.6 g. 12.8 h. 3220
3. a. 10 b. 10 c. 100 d. 100
4. a. He has multiplied both numbers by 10 b. He has converted the division to a
(making the answer 10 × 10 = 100 times too multiplication incorrectly – he should write
big). The correct answer is 0.08 0.5 × 100. The correct answer is 50
5. a. 4 × . = 0.4 b. 1.2 × . = 0.12 c. 7.8 × . = 0.078 d. 9 ÷ . = 90
e. 6.2 ÷ . = 620 f. . ÷ 0.01 = 4.85
6. a. 6.451 × 0.1 = × 0.01 b. 560 ÷ 0.1 = × 100
c. 38 × 0.01 = . × 10 d. 6.2 ÷ 0.1 = . ÷ 0.01
e. 0.057 ÷ 0.01 = ÷ 100 f. 0.3 × 0.1 = . ÷ 0.1

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Chapter 7 Place value, rounding and decimals

Exercise 2
1. a. 7 represents 7 tens b. 1 represents 1 tenth
c. 5 represents 5 thousandths d. 8 represents 8 ten thousands
2. a. 4 b. 5 c. 8 d. 3
3. a. 3.5 b. 4 c. 3.52 d. 3.5
4. a. 800 b. 700 c. 90 000 d. 90 000
e. 10 f. 7 g. 10 h. 0.005
5. a. 0.13 b. 76 000 c. 430 d. 0.068
e. 810 f. 800 g. 50 000 h. 0.0020
6. a. 5.27 b. 1230 c. 0.0625 d. 32.4
e. 27 400 f. 0.00402 g. 0.410 h. 3200
7. a. 70 000 b. 0.060 c. 0.1 d. 79 000

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8. a. 10 000 km b. 11 000 km c. 10 800 km
9. a. 0.889 b. 2.14 c. 420

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d. 19.1 e. 49.3 f. 0.463

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10. When rounding to 1 significant figure, he should not round to 3 and 2 significant figures first.
The correct answer is 3000.

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11. Mel is correct – the answer is 1000.
The second significant figure of 999 is the tens digit. 999 lies between 990 and 1000, and is closer
to 1000. / Round up the second significant figure (the tens digit) from 9 to 10. This equals 1 hundred
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and 0 tens. There are now 10 hundreds. This equals 1 thousand and 0 hundreds. So the answer
is 1000.
12. a. For example, 0.83 or 0.555
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b. For example, 0.031 or 0.059 c. For example, 4.62 or 8.17

Exercise 3
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1. a) 0.2 × 4 = 0.8 ; 0.2 × 0.4 = 0.08 ; 0.2 × 0.04 = 0.008

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b) i) 0.8 ii) 0.8 iii) 0.008 iv) 0.0008

2. a. −2 b. −4.2 c. 4.2 d. −1.5
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3. a. 0.2752 b. 1.302 c. 5.772

d. 2.752 e. 9.46 f. 4.29
4. a. 3.1 × 1.1 ≈ 3 × 1 = 3 b. 5.4 × 0.32 ≈ 5 × 0.3 = 1.5
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3.1 × 1.1 = 3.41 5.4 × 0.32 = 1.728

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c. 0.45 × 0.39 ≈ 0.5 × 0.4 = 0.2 d. 1.8 × 0.07 ≈ 2 × 0.07 = 0.14

0.45 × 0.39 = 0.1755 1.8 × 0.07 = 0.126
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e. 0.28 × 6.3 ≈ 0.3 × 6 = 1.8 f. 0.08 × 0.44 ≈ 0.08 × 0.4 = 0.032

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0.28 × 6.3 = 1.764 0.08 × 0.44 = 0.0352

g. 0.13 × 0.04 ≈ 0.1 × 0.04 = 0.004 h. 0.73 × 0.96 ≈ 0.7 × 1 = 0.7
0.13 × 0.04 = 0.0052 0.73 × 0.96 = 0.7008
5. a. −21.3 b. −2130 c. 2.13 d. 0.00213

6. 22.8 ÷ 0.6 ≈ 20 ÷ 0.6 = 200 ÷ 6 ≈ 30 (or 33)

22.8 ÷ 0.6 = 38 cups
7. a. 12 b. −20 c. 40 d. −50
8. a. 52 ÷ 0.4 ≈ 50 ÷ 0.4 = 500 ÷ 4 ≈ 100 (or b. 22 ÷ 0.8 ≈ 20 ÷ 0.8 = 200 ÷ 8 = 25
500 ÷ 4 = 125) (or 22 ÷ 0.8 ≈ 20 ÷ 1 ≈ 20)
52 ÷ 0.4 = 130 22 ÷ 0.8 = 27.5

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 Chapter 8 Presenting and interpreting data 1

c. −180 ÷ 0.8 ≈ −200 ÷ 0.8 = −2000 ÷ 8 ≈ d. −44 ÷ 0.2 ≈ −40 ÷ 0.2 = −400 ÷ 2 = −200
−200 (or −250) −44 ÷ 0.2 = −220
−180 ÷ 0.8 = −225
e. 4.3 ÷ 0.2 ≈ 4 ÷ 0.2 = 40 ÷ 2 = 20 f. 5.7 ÷ 0.5 ≈ 6 ÷ 0.5 = 60 ÷ 5 = 12
4.3 ÷ 0.2 = 21.5 5.7 ÷ 0.5 = 11.4
g. 16.2 ÷ 0.3 ≈ 20 ÷ 0.3 = 200 ÷ 3 ≈ 60 h. 1.32 ÷ 0.6 ≈ 1 ÷ 0.6 = 10 ÷ 6 ≈ 1
16.2 ÷ 0.3 = 54 1.32 ÷ 0.6 = 2.2
9. a. −46 ÷ 0.3 ≈ −50 ÷ 0.3 = −500 ÷ 3 ≈ −160 b. 88.3 ÷ 0.5 ≈ 90 ÷ 0.5 = 900 ÷ 5 = 180
(or −170) (or ≈ 200)
−46 ÷ 0.3 = −153.3 … = −153 (3 s.f.) 88.3 ÷ 0.5 = 176.6 = 177 (3 s.f.)
c. 12.32 ÷ 0.9 ≈ 10 ÷ 0.9 = 100 ÷ 9 ≈ 11 (or 10) d. −77 ÷ 0.8 ≈ −80 ÷ 0.8 = −800 ÷ 8 = −100
12.32 ÷ 0.9 = 13.68 … = 13.7 (3 s.f.) −77 ÷ 0.8 = −96.25 = −96.3 (3 s.f.)

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10. a. They have tried to do long multiplication with decimals, by aligning the decimal points. (They
should calculate 69 × 7 and then place the decimal point in the answer using estimation or

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another method.) The correct answer is 4.83
b. They have taken 371 ÷ 0.7 = 371 ÷ 7 (by multiplying only the 7 by 10). The correct answer is

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371 ÷ 0.7 = 3710 ÷ 7 = 530

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Consolidation exercise
1. 2.3 × 0.1 = 0.23 and 0.23 ÷ 0.01 = 23
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2. × 0.01, × 0.1, ÷ 0.1, ÷ 0.01
3. Enrique is incorrect. For example, Phil’s number could be 98 or 103. (The 1 and the first 0 in Phil’s
rounded answer are both significant.)
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4. 12.6 and 0.508

5. a. For example, 4.151, 4.234 or 4.247 b. For example, 4.245, 4.248 or 4.249
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6. a. 5.2 × 0.2 ≈ 5 × 0.2 = $1 b. 5.2 × 0.05 ≈ 5 × 0.05 = $0.25 c. 5.2 × 1.8 ≈ 5 × 2 = $10
5.2 × 0.2 = $1.04 5.2 × 0.05 = $0.26 5.2 × 1.8 = $9.36
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7. 16.8 ÷ 0.6 ≈ 17 ÷ 0.6 = 170 ÷ 6 ≈ 28 (or 30)

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16.8 ÷ 0.6 = 28
8. 9.6 ÷ 0.8 ≈ 10 ÷ 0.8 = 100 ÷ 8 ≈ 12 (or 10)
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9.6 ÷ 0.8 = 12
9. a. 19 ÷ 0.01 is 10 000 bigger than 19 × 0.01
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b. 5.6 ÷ 0.7 is 100 times bigger than 56 ÷ 700

10. Example answer: 5.8 is 58 divided by 10 and 240 is 0.24 multiplied by 1000. So 5.8 × 240 is 100 times
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greater than 58 × 0.24. Multiply 13.92 by 100 to get 1392.

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Chapter 8 Presenting and interpreting data 1

Exercise 1
1. a)

b) 3

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