1. WHO recognises Medina as the healthiest city in the world. 2. Joseph Robinette Biden Jr. is the 46th current president of the United States. 3. He is a member of the Democratic Party. 4. Joe Biden is basically from Pennsylvania. 5, Joe Biden takes the oath of office as the 46th President. Date January 20, 2021 6.Who is the vice president of the USA ?Kamala Harris. 7.Kamala Harris becomes first female, first black , vice president in the history of the United States. 8.What political party is Kamala Harris a member of. ? Democratic Party 9.Barack Obama is a member of the Democratic Party. 10.Donald Trump is a member of the Republican party. 11.How many total votes of the Electoral College are there for the US Presidential Election. ? 538 12. How many electoral votes are necessary to win the presidential election? 270 Google Shafquat Ali for more.13. Biden made the USA victory over Trump, 306-232 electoral votes. 14. Biden ends Trump’s travel ban on majority-Muslim countries with a new executive order. 15.He signed an executive order beginning the process of rejoining the 2015 Paris climate agreement, from which Mr Trump formally withdrew the US last year. 16. On coronavirus, a series of measures will be enacted to tackle the pandemic which has claimed more than 400,000 lives in the US. 17. Currently Pakistan's GDP rate is 1%. The Circular Debt of Pakistan is Rs. 2400 Billion.18. Pakistan appointed recently retired Army General, Bilal Akbar, as its ambassador to Saudi Arabia. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 19. A 10-member Nepali climbing team became the first to scale K2 in the winter season. 20. Justice (R) Javed Iqbal is the present chairman of NAB. 21. Who is the current chairman of FBR in Pakistan.? Javed Ghani 22. Who is the current Auditor General of Pakistan. ? Javaid Jehangir 23.Asad Majeed Khan is Pakistan's Ambassador to the United States of America.29. Current Deputy Chairman of the Senate is Saleem Mandviwalla. 30. How many members are in the Senate of Pakistan? Senate consists of 104 members 31. Who is the current Defence Minister of Pakistan? Pervez Khattak 32. Which social media platform permanently banned President Trump's account on 8th January, 2021? Twitter 33. Who is the Current Opposition Leader of Sindh Assembly? Haleem Adil Sheikh34. Which country’s plane crashed into the sea, killing 62 passengers on 10the Jan, 2021 ? Indonesia 35. PM Imran Khan on 11th January, 2021 unveiled RAAST's first instant payment system. 36. What is the new height of Mount Everest? 8848.86 m 37. Which country seized PIA Boeing 777 at their airport over a $14 million lease dispute? Malaysia 38. The Pakistan Democratic Movement, or PDM, is a political movement of political parties in Pakistan against the government of Imran Khan.39. There are 27 members in European Union. 19 countries use Euro Currency 40. Dinar and Dirham currencies were used during the Holy Prophet's Era. Search Current Affairs Shafquat Ali #Google #YouTube 41. The Group of Seven (G7) is an intergovernmental organization consisting of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States. 42 . Canada - Prime Minister Justin Trudeau 43. France - President Emmanuel Macron 44. Germany - Chancellor Angela Merkel 45. Italy - Prime Minister Giuseppe ConteCurrent Inspector Generals of Police Search Current Affairs Shafquat Ali #Google #YouTube 51. The current IG of Balochistan Police: Muhammad Tahir Rai 52. The Current IG of Punjab Police : Inam Ghani 53. The Current IG of Sindh Police : Mushtaq Mahar 54. The Current IG of KPK police: Sanaullah Abbasi55. The Current IG of Islamabad Police : Qazi Jamilur Rehman 56. The Current IG of Azad Kashmir AJK Police: Salahuddin Khan 57. The Current IG of Gilgit Baltistan : Mujeeb ur Rehman Current Chief Ministers 58. Sindh Syed Murad Ali Shah 59. Balochistan Jam Mir Kamal Khan 60. KPK205. Pakistan for Surgical instrument manufacturing is the 1st in the World. 206. Pakistan’s Hand-sewn footballs production is the 1st in the World. 207. Pakistan Ranking in Democracy Index is 108/167. 208. Pakistan Army ranks 10th most powerful in the world out of 133 countries on the Global Fire power index 2021. 209. The largest island in the world is Greenland. 210. The IMF was conceived at a UN conference in Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, United States, 30Currentaffairs Affairs Encyclopedia 2021 Shafquat Ali. Current Affairs Channel ‘Subscribe www.youtube.com/c/Shafquatall For Interviews Viva Voce & Examinations Search Google : Current Affairs Shafquat Ali Current Affairs Encyclopedia 2021 Only Selected & Important. 1. Current Affairs World 2021 2. Pakistan Affairs 2021 3. International organizations 4, Parliaments5. News Agencies 6. Books and Authors 7. Sindh GK 8. Pakistan Global Index Ranking 2021 9. World Geography, Straits, Rivers, Deserts, Mountains 10. Selected World GK 11. World Famous Places 12. Most Repeated Questions with GK Tricks 13. Old Names - New Names Countries, Cities in the world. 14. What's Happening in the World 2021. 15. Largest things of Nature in the world General Knowledge85. WTO : Geneva 86. WMO : Geneva 87.World Economic Forum : Geneva 88 .UNCTAD: Geneva 89. OECD: Paris 90.UNESCO: Paris 91.UNIDO: Vienna 92. OPEC: Vienna 93.IAEA : Vienna 94. EU : Brussels 95.APEC: Singapore 96.ASEAN : Jakarta 97.0IC : Jeddah 98.SAARC : Kathmandu 99.SCO : Beijing 100.BRICS : Shanghai 101.ADB: ManilaINTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS AND HEADQUARTERS : MADE EASY IN ORDERLY FORM Revised and updated knowledge. Shafquat Ali Current Affairs 76. UNO: New York 77. UNICEF: New York 78. NAM : New York 79. UNFPA: New York 80. FAO : Rome 81. Red Cross : Geneva 82. ILO: Geneva 83. WHO: Geneva 84, UNHCR: Geneva46. Japan - Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga 47. United Kingdom- Prime Minister Boris Johnson 48. United States - President Joe Biden. 49. Capital of Kazakhstan is Nur Sultan. 50. Planet with the maximum number of moons is Saturn. Search Current Affairs Shafquat Ali #Google #YouTube220. There are currently six barrages on the Indus River. Guddu Barrage, Sukkur Barrage, Kotri Barrage, Taunsa Barrage, Chashma Barrage and Jinnah Barrage. Another new barrage called "Sindh Barrage" is planned. Google Current Affairs Shafquat Ali. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli January 29,2021. 34135.Red Cross :1863V ¥ 136.FIFA : 190474 4 137.ILO:1919/4 138. WORLD BANK : 1944Vv officially 139. IMF:1945¥ 140. UNO -24 October, 1945 ¥ 141. FAO: 1945¥ 142. Arab League :1945V 143. UNESCO :1945¥ officially 144. WHO: 1948 officially 145. NATO :1949V7 146.SEATO: created in 1954 , dissolved in 1977 ¥ 147. CENTO : created in 1955, dissolved in 1979¥ 148.IAEA :1957¥ 149, OPEC : 1960¥ 150. ADB : 1966¥ 151.ASEAN :196774 152. OIC :1969¥ 20129.IMO : London 130. UNICEF : New York 131. UNDP: New York 132. UNFPA : New York 133. UPU: Bern 134, ESCAP: Bangkok Current Affairs Shafquat Ali #Google #YouTube ORGANISATIONS : FOUNDATION YEARS IN ORDERLY FORM. Because Wikipedia data is not authentic, I have reviewed, revised and updated it by verified official sources . GK Books are also outdated.195. According to the Pakistan Forest Institute, the country only has 5.01% forest cover. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 196. The League of Nations was founded in1920. Founder: Woodrow Wilson Headquarters: Geneva Ceased operations: 1946 197. GCC was founded in 1981. 198. The Financial Action Task Force : President: Marcus Pleyer Headquarters: Paris Founded: 1989 Purpose: Combat money laundering and terrorism financing 28UNO AGENCIES : 116. ILO: Geneva 117. WMO : Geneva 118. WIPO: Geneva 119. UNHCR :Geneva 120.ITU : Geneva 121. IAEA: Vienna 122. FAO : Rome 123. IFAD: Rome 124. UNESCO : Paris 125, World Bank : Washington DC 126. IDA : Washington DC 127. IFC: Washington DC 128. IMF : Washington DC189. Pakistan ranked 124 out of 180 countries on the Corruption Perceptions Index. 190. Current policy rate of SBP is 7%. 191. There are 30 districts in Sindh. 192. 88th is the rank of Pakistan in Global Hunger Index 2020. 193. 66th /156 the Rank of Pakistan in World Happiness Report 2020. 194. Pakistan Ranking for Ease of Doing Business Index is 108/190. a71. Minister of Finance and Revenue Affairs : Abdul Hafeez Shaikh 72. Railway Minister :Azam Khan Swati 73. Federal Interior Minister : Sheikh Rasheed Search Current Affairs Shafquat Ali #Google #YouTube 74. France hosted One Planet Summit 2021 aimed at protecting global biodiversity. 75. Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), political and economic alliance of six Middle Eastern countries—Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman,Mahmood Khan 61. Punjab Usman Buzdar 62. The Current Prime Minister of AJK is Raja Farooq. Governors 63. State Bank of Pakistan: Dr. Reza Baqir 64. Sindh : Imran Ismail 65. Balochistan : Aman Ullah Khan Yasinzai 66. KPK : Shah Farman 67. Punjab : Chaudhry Muhammad Sarwar 68. GB: Raja Jalal Hussain 69. AJK President : Masood Khan 70. Foreign Minister of Pakistan : Makhdoom Shah Mahmood Qureshi.102. Twitter: San Francisco 103.Facebook : California 104. Google: California 105.IMF : Washington D.C 106.World Bank : Washington D.C 107.ECO: Tehran 108.SEATO : Bangkok 109.CENTO :Ankara 110. FIFA : Zurich, Switzerland 111.NATO : Brussels, Belgium 112.Commonwealth of Nations: London 113.International Maritime Organisation: London 114. Amnesty International : London, 115. INTERPOL: Lyon, France Youtube.com/ShafquatAli229. Mossad is the national intelligence agency of Israel. 230. ISI, The Inter-Services Intelligence is the intelligence agency of Pakistan. 231. CIA, The Central Intelligence Agency is a civilian foreign intelligence service of the United States. 232. FIR stands for First Information Report 233. NC stands for Non cognizable offence. 234, Muhammad Ayub Khuhro was the the first Chief Minister of Sindh after independence of Pakistan. 7153. SAARC :1985/ 154. ECO: 1985¥ 155.EU: 1993/7 The EU was created by the Maastricht Treaty, which entered into force on November 1, 1993. Date founded: November 1, 1993 156. SCO: 1996, set up again in 2001V 157. BRICS :2006¥ Current Affairs Encyclopedia : Shafquat Ali 158. Pakistan joined the UNO on 30 September, 1947. 159.Pakistan joined ILO in 1947. 160.Pakistan joined FAO in 1947. 161.Pakistan joined UNESCO in 1949, 21221. Pakistan ranks 124 out of 180 countries on the Corruption Perceptions Index 2020 222. Mozambique is the top country in the Global Climate Risk Index 2021, for being the worst-hit country by climate change. 223. The WHO has collaborated with Pfizer Company to distribute Covid vaccines under the Covax alliance. 224. Pakistan has dropped to 8th place from 5th on the Long-Term Global Climate Risk Index (GCRI) 2021 35Membership: 39 199. The current FATF blacklist includes two countries: North Korea and Iran 200. The FATF placed Pakistan on the grey list in June 2018. 201. Pakistan is the 33rd largest country by area. 202. Pakistan is 5th most populous in the world. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 203. K2 is the second highest peak in the world. Height : 28251 feet. 204, Pakistan Ranking for Ease of Doing Business Index is 108/190. 29241. SABA is the news agency of Yemen. 242. ANTARA is the news agency of Indonesia. 243. APP is the news agency of Pakistan. 244. AFP is the news agency of France. PTI is the news agency of India. Reuters is the news agency of the United Kingdom. 245. The Parliament of Iran is Majles-e Showra-ye Eslami. 246. The Parliament of Afghanistan is Shura-e Milli. 247. The Parliament of Bangladesh is The Jatiya Sangsad. 248. The Parliament of India is Bharatiya Sansad. 249. The Parliament of Pakistan is Majlis-e-Shoora. 39162.Pakistan joined the World Bank in 1950. 163.Pakistan joined the IMF in 1950. 164. Pakistan joined SEATO in 1954 165.Pakistan left SEATO in 1973. 166.Pakistan joined CENTO in 1955. 167. Pakistan left CENTO in 1979. 168. Pakistan joined OIC in 1969. 169. Pakistan joined NAM in 1979. 170. Pakistan joined SAARC in 1985. 171. Pakistan joined the WTO in 1995. 172. Pakistan joined SCO in 2017. -Shafquat GK Encyclopedia 173. The GCC is headquartered in Riyadh, the capital of Saudi Arabia. 22in July 1944. Its formation took place on December 27, 1945. 211. Arab Spring started in Tunisia in 2010. 213. Babar Iftikhar is the Current DG ISPR of Pakistan Army. 214. The current Chief Election Commissioner is Sikandar Sultan Raja. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 215. What does CERN stand for? CSS Interview 31181. Sindh separated from Bombay in 1936 officially . Don't confuse it with 1935. 182. Shakoor Lake is located on the border between the Indian state of Gujarat and Sindh, Pakistan. 183. The biggest importer of arms from the United States from 2015 to 2019 was Saudi Arabia. 184. Pakistan is the 5th most populous country in the world. Current Affairs Shafquat Ali for all examinations. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 25174. Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), political and economic alliance of six Middle Eastern countries—Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, and Oman. 175. SAARC members 8. Maldives, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Afghanistan, India, Nepal. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 23176. Interview Question: Who gave the idea of SAARC? The idea of SAARC was proposed by Bangladeshi ruler, Zia ul Rehman. 177. Capital of Tanzania is Dodoma. 178. Capital of Switzerland is Bern 179. Capital of Australia is Canberra. Don't confuse it with Sydney, that's the largest city of Australia, not the capital. 180. Manchar Lake is situated in District Jamshoro officially . Don't confuse it with Dadu. 24250. The Parliament of the United States is Congress. Current Affairs Shafquat 251. The Parliament of the United Kingdom is Parliament. 252. The Parliament of Japan is the Diet. 253. The Parliament of Russia is Duma. 254. The Parliament of Sweden is Riksdag. 255. The Parliament of Israel is the Knesset. 256. The Parliament of Iceland is Althing. 257. The Parliament of Denmark is Folketing. The Parliament of Spain is The Cortes Generales. The Parliament of Germany is Bundestag. Qantas is the airline of Australia. 40235. Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah was the first Governor of Sindh after the creation of Pakistan. 236. The headquarters of UNESCO is in Paris. 237.The office of the UN General Assembly is inNew York. 238. Which of the following countries is not a member of SAARC? A. Nepal B. Bangladesh C. Afghanistan D. Myanmar 4 239, WAFA, is the news agency of Palestine. 240. (SANA) is the national official news agency in Syria. 3824. Mr. Moin ul Haque is Pakistani Ambassador to China. 25. Munir Akram is a Pakistani diplomat who is appointed as the Permanent Representative of Pakistan to the United Nations. 26. Nong Rong is a Chinese politician and diplomat currently serving as Chinese Ambassador to Pakistan. 27. Lieutenant General (Retired) Asim Saleem Bajwa is a retired Pakistani general who is serving as the Chairman of CPEC. 28. Current Chairman of Senate is Muhammad Sadiq Sanjrani.225. MIS, Military Intelligence Section 5, is responsible for protecting the UK, its citizens and interests, at home and overseas, against threats to national security. 226. MI 6 (SIS) the Secret Intelligence Service) MI6 (Military Intelligence, Section 6), is responsible for gathering intelligence outside the UK in support of the government's security, defence, foreign and economic policies. 227. Which country has the longest coastline in the world? Canada 228. RAW, The Research and Analysis Wing is the foreign intelligence agency of India. 36countries, as well as South Korea, China, Japan, Australia and New Zealand. 217. India's first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, took oath on 15 August 1947. 218. The first president of India was Rajendra Prasad. 219. Antonio Guterres is the current secretary general of the United Nations. 33Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 258. Biman is the airline of Bangladesh. 259. Cathay Pacific is the airline of Hong Kong. 260. The Highest military award of Bangladesh is: Bir Sreshtho. 261. The Highest military award of Russia is: Order of the Patriotic War. 262. The US highest military award is: Medal of Honour. 41Pakistan Ranking Index in the world 185. The 5th most populous country in the world is Pakistan. Pakistan has the world's 2nd Muslim population. It is the 33rd-largest country by area. 186. Pakistan was ranked 154th among 189 countries on UN's Human Development Index (HDI) 2020 rankings. 187, Pakistan ranks 8th on the global climate risk index. 188 Pakistan is the 11th largest arms importer in the world. 28The name CERN is derived from the acronym for the French "Conseil Européen pour la Recherche Nucléaire”. 216. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership is a free trade agreement between the Asia-Pacific nations of Australia, Brunei, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Japan, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, New Zealand, the Philippines, Singapore, South Korea, Thailand, and Vietnam. The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is made up of Southeast Asian 32324. Malakhra is a traditional game of Sindh. 325. Which city of Sindh is popular for the woodwork industry? Hala 326. Mohenjo Daro is located at the bank of the Indus in the: Upper Sindh, on the West Bank and the right bank of the Indus River Y 327. The Thar desert is called : Friendly Desert 61Headquarter: New York, USA Members: 193 United Nations principal organs The United Nations have five principal organs: 1 General Assembly 2 Security Council 3 Secretariat 4 Economic and Social Council 5 International Court of Justice The 6th organ, “Trusteeship Council” suspended operation. 52365. Sultan Ahmed Mosque, also known as the Blue Mosque, is an Ottoman-era mosque located in Istanbul, Turkey. 366. Through which strait around 40 percent world oil is transported : Strait of Hormuz 367. London is located on the bank of the Thames River. 368. Paris is located on the Bank of the Seine River. 369, The Irrawaddy River flows in Myanmar. 370. The Lut Desert, widely referred to as Dasht-e Lut, is a large salt desert located in Iran. 69346. The first Vice President of Pakistan : Nurul Amin 347. Who was the first Captain of Pakistan Cricket Team :Abdul Hafeez Kardar 348. The first Chairman of Senate :Habibullah Khan 349. The first Muslim Chief of Air Force of Pakistan: Air Marshal Asghar Khan 350. Who is the first Muslim woman to win a Nobel Prize? Dr Shirin Ebadi 65334. Daughter of East : Benazir Bhutto 335. Great tragedy : Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 336. Myth of independence : Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto 337.Friends not masters : Ayub Khan 338. My Brother: Fatima Jinnah 339, Songs of Blood and Sword : Fatima Bhutto 340. With the Quaid-i-Azam During His Last Days : by Iahi Bakhsh. 341. The first Foreign Minister of Pakistan was Zafarullah Khan. 63The headquarters of NATO is located in Brussels, Belgium. NATO members Currently NATO has 30 members. 295. NATO is an Alliance that consists of 30 independent member countries. 296. European Union (EU) The European Union (EU) is an economic and political union of European countries. The EU’s working capital is Brussels, Belgium. European Union Capital _: Brussels, Belgium Members: 27 49273. Kurds live in Turkey, Iran, Iraq and Syria. Kurds are fighting for the establishment of their own homeland. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 274. The Mongols are an East Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and to China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. They also live as minorities in other regions of China, as well as in Russia. 275. Mongols invaded Baghdad in 1258 AD. 276. The term Moor used by Christian Europeans to designate the Muslim inhabitants of the Maghreb, the Iberian Peninsula, Sicily, and Malta during the Middle Ages. The Moors initially were the indigenous Maghrebine Berbers. 44293. In Pakistan, on February 5 every year, Kashmir Day is observed to convey a message of solidarity and support to Kashmiris. 294. North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is an intergovernmental military alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty. In the treaty, NATO members agreed on a system of collective defence, that is, an armed attack against any member state would be considered an attack against them all. This treaty was signed on April 04, 1949 in Washington D.C. United States. NATO headquarters 48383. The Elysée Palace is the official residence of the President of the French Republic. 384. “Golan Heights” belongs to:Syria 385. The International Committee of the Red Cross received the prize three times. Nobel Peace Prize (1917, 1944, 1963) 386. Marie Curie received the prize twice. Nobel Prize in Physics (1903) and Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1911) 387. The Wall Street in New York, US is associated with activities : Banking and Finance. 72Developing-8, : Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey. Headquarters: istanbul, Turkey 412. The Last Battle joined by the Holy Prophet was Tabuk. 413. Indus Waters Treaty was signed on September 19, 1960, between India and Pakistan and brokered by the World Bank - Jawaharlal Nehru and Ayub Khan signed. 414, With the Indus Water Treaty, the World Bank divided the whole reservoirs into two parts. Beas, 78402.What is the Chinese space agency called? China National Space Administration (CNSA) 403. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and space research. 404. The Richest Person in the world (2021) is Elon Musk. 405. On Venus Planet, day is longer than year. 76351. In October 2014, Malala, along with Indian children's rights activist Kailash Satyarthi, was named a Nobel Peace Prize winner. At age 17, she became the youngest person to receive this prize. 352. Foundation of Muslim League at Dhaka: 30th December, 1906 353. Prime Minister of Pakistan Zulfiqar Ali was executed: 4th April, 1979 354, The bodyguard of the Earth is Jupiter which saves the Earth from many Comets and Asteroids. 66342. First Martial Law was imposed in October, 1958. 343. First natural gas reserves were discovered in 1952 at Sui. 344. First Muslim Nobel Laureate was Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt received Peace Nobel Prize in 1978 because of peace treaty with Israel. The First Pakistani who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979 was Abdus Salam. 345. Name of the first Chief Justice of Pakistan is : Abdul Rasheed 64263. The Highest military award of Italy is : Medal for Valour. 264. Pakistan’s highest military award is : Nishan-i-Haider. 265. The highest civil award of Pakistan is Nishan-e-Pakistan. 266. Japan’s highest military award is: Order of the Rising Sun. 267. India’s highest military award is: Param Vir Chakra. 268. Britain’s highest military award is: Victoria Cross 42Qatar. 307. Shah Jahan mosque is in Thatta, Sindh. 308. Aror was the capital of Sindh during Raja Dahir's rule. 309. Matiari is the cultural capital of Sindh. 310. Mohenjo Daro is located in Taluka Dokri. 311. The largest natural lake of Pakistan is Manchar lake in Jamshoro district. 312. The largest man made lake of Pakistan is Keenjhar in Thatta. 58355. The Biggest moon in the Solar system is Ganymede. 356. Saturn has the maximum number of moons in the Solar system. 357. Muhammad Iqbal Born: November 9, 1877, Sialkot Died: April 21, 1938, Lahore 358. Muhammad Ali Jinnah Former Governor-General of Pakistan Born: December 25, 1876, Karachi Died: September 11, 1948, Karachi 359. Country became the last oF277. Berbers are an ethnic group native to North Africa and West Africa, specifically Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Mauritania, northern Mali, northern Niger, and the Canary Islands. 278. Sinopharm Covid-19 vaccines reached Pakistan on February 1,2021 gifted by China. 279. Russia is the largest country in the world in terms of area. 280. China is the most populous country in the world. 281. The smallest country in the world is Vatican City. 282. Moen Jo Daro was discovered in 1922. 45319. Ranikot is in Sann, Jamshoro, Faiz Mahal in Khairpur, Kotdiji is also in Khairpur. 320. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum complex in Agra, Uttar Pradesh state, India 321. France has the maximum(12) time zones in the world. 322. Pakistan is set to begin its COVID- 19 vaccination campaign, as it has received the first batch of "Sinopharm", a novel coronavirus vaccine developed by China on 01 February 2021. 323. Myanmar's military seized power on February 1,2021 in a coup against the democratically elected government of Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi. 60United Nations Languages: UNO has 6 official languages: Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian, and Spanish. Trick : CEFRAS 298. UNO has 6 official languages. UN Members There are 193 member states of the United Nations. Currently there are only two observer states: 531. Holy See 2. Palestine 299. Haleji Lake of Sindh, is known as Paradise of Birds. 300. First Muslim Nobel Laureate was: Anwar Sadat Current Affairs Shafquat Ali. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 54301. The total coal resources of Pakistan are approximately 185 Billion tonnes and Thar desert in Sindh province contains 175 Billion tonnes of lignite coal. 302. Norway is known as the land of the midnight sun. 303. Finland's nickname is “The Land of the Thousand Lakes ”. 304. Which city is called “The City of Conferences ”? Geneva. 55328. Ghulam Muhammad Barrage is also called : Kotri Barrage 329. The largest Fort of Pakistan is: Ranikot 330. Which mountain peak is called Killer Mountain? Nanga Parbat 331. Which mountain range is located in Sindh? Kirthar Range. 332, First Commissioner of Sindh : Charles Napier 333. Author of Jinnah of Pakistan : Stanley Wolpert 62288. The Bosphorus Bridge in Istanbul connects Europe and Asia. 289. McMahon Line is the border between: India and China 290. Bishkek is the capital of: Kyrgyzstan 291. Songs of Blood and Sword is written by Fatima Bhutto. 292. Writer Fatima Bhutto was born in Kabul, Afghanistan. Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 47313. Cairo city of Egypt is called the city of 1000 minarets. 314. Zahid Husain was the first governor of State Bank of Pakistan 315. Chotiari Dam is located in Sanghar. 316. Darawat Dam is in Jamshoro. 317. Hub Dam is on the Sindh - Balochistan border near Karachi. 318. Moen Jo Daro and Makli are internationally world heritage sites recognized by UNESCO. 59388. The official residence of the Pope is in: Vatican City. 389. The Hagia Sophia is an enormous architectural marvel in Istanbul, Turkey. 390. The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901. 391. Jean-Paul Sartre, awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Literature, declined the prize because he had consistently declined all official honours. 392. First Awards Nobel Prize 1901 : The Peace Prize for that year was shared between the Frenchman Frédéric Passy and the Swiss Jean Henry Dunant. 73The Nobel Prize in Physics 1901 was awarded to Wilhelm Conrad Réntgen for discovery of X-RAY. 393. Oldest person to receive a Nobel Prize: John B. Goodenough; at the age of 97, received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry (2019). 394.Youngest person to receive a Nobel Prize: Malala Yousafzai; at the age of 17, received the Nobel Peace Prize (2014). 395, National anthems of Bangladesh and India were written by Rabindranath Tagore. 74371. The Taklamakan Desert is in China. 372. The Statue of Liberty was given to the United States by France, as a symbol of the two countries’ friendship. 373. The Eiffel Tower is in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower. 374. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is a building in Pisa, Italy. 375. KFC stands for Kentucky Fried Chicken. 70406. Norway is known as " The Land of the Midnight Sun". 407. Big Ben is a tower clock known for its accuracy and for its massive hour bell in London. 408. Mount Kilimanjaro is located in Tanzania. 409. Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai : 1689-1752 410. The area of Sindh is : 140,914sq.km 411. The D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, is also known as the organization of 7Youtube.com/ShafquatAli 283. The Mariana Trench, in the Pacific Ocean, is the deepest location on Earth. 284. The Strait of Hormuz connects Persian Gulf with the Gulf of Oman and the Arabian Sea. 285. Pakistan purchased Gwadar from Oman. 286.The British government sold Kashmir for a sum of 7.5 million Nanakshahi rupees to Gulab Singh in 1846. 287. The Panama Canal connects the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans 46269. The Bay of Bengal is the largest bay in the world in terms of area. 270. The Gulf of Mexico is the world's largest gulf. 271. Maoris is the term used for the aboriginal people of New Zealand. 272. The largest population of Uyghurs live in China’s autonomous Xinjiang region. There has also been a marked rise of Islamophobia across China. 43305. The largest landlocked country in the world is Kazakhstan. 306. In which country FIFA 2022 will be held? Qatar. 307. Pakistan is set to begin its COVID- 19 vaccination campaign, as it has received the first batch of "Sinopharm", a novel coronavirus vaccine developed by China on 01 February 2021. 308, Myanmar's military seized power on February 1,2021 in a coup against the democratically elected government of Nobel laureate Aung San Suu Kyi. Current Affairs 2021 For All Interviews & Examinations.. 56Eurozone: 19 EU members Currently the European Union has 27 member states, and the Euro currency is used by 19 out of 27 EU members. The motto of the union is “In Varietate Concordia” which means “United in Diversity”. Ina referendum held on 23 June 2016 in the United Kingdom (UK), 52% of the votes casted were in favour of leaving the European Union. Finally, the UK left the European Union on 31 January 2020. 297. United Nations Organization (UNO) 50376. The COVID-19 disease is caused by the virus SARS-CoV-2. 377. The World Health Organization(WHO) on March 11, 2020 declared COVID-19 a pandemic. 378. First human heart transplant operation conducted by Dr. Christiaan Barnard on Louis Washkansky, was conducted in :1967 379. Epsom (England) is the place associated with - Horse racing 380. Wimbledon” known for tennis, is in: London 381. “Bethlehem” is associated with:Jesus Christ 382 “Tiananmen Square” is located in: China. 1After the end of World War I (WWI) which lasted from 1914 to 1918, The League of Nations (LN) was formed on January 10, 1920. Its mission was to maintain world peace. But the League of Nations failed in preventing World War II (WWID) which lasted from 1939 to 1945. After the end of World War II the United Nations Organization (UNO) was founded on October 24, 1945 to replace the flawed League of Nations. Its principal mission is to maintain world peace, and to provide a platform for dialogue. Secretary General: Antonio Guterres, Portugal Founded on: 24 October 1945 Motto: It's your world! 51301. The Quran was translated into Sindhi language in South Asia for the first time. 302. The earliest mosque in Sub-continent is situated in Banbhore 303. Finland's nickname is “The Land of the Thousand Lakes ”. 304. Which city is called “The City of Conferences ») Geneva. 305. The largest landlocked country in the world is Kazakhstan. 306. In which country FIFA 2022 will be held? 5S?396. Rabindranath Tagore, was the first Asian Nobel Laureate in Literature in 1913. 397. Gitanjali is a book of poems written by Rabindranath Tagore. 398.The Shahnameh is a long epic poem written by the Persian poet Ferdowsi. 399. SUPARCO: The Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission is the national space agency of Pakistan. 400. What is the space agency of Japan? JAXA : Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 401.What is the name of Indian space agency? Indian Space Research Organisation(ISRO) 75Ravi and Sutlej rivers were assigned to India while the rivers Chenab Jhelum and Indus were granted to Pakistan. 415. First Sindhi translation of the Quran was by Aakhund Azizullah. 416. Pakistan launched its first satellite Badr-A (Urdu: \-)4, meaning Full Moon-A) was the first artificial and the first digital communications satellite launched by Pakistan's supreme national space authority — the SUPARCO — in 1990 was Badr-I. 417. First secretary General of the UN was Trygve Lie (Norway). 418. What was the old name of Sri Lanka? 79member of SAARC: Afghanistan 360. Three century old heritage site (Mosque) KHUDABAD is present in city of Sindh: Dadu 361. Al Jazeera TV channel belongs to country: Qatar 362. Silicon Valley is famous for reason : Computer Business 363. The world's famous bridge, Golden Gate, is located in : San Francisco 364. The Wazir Khan Mosque is a 17th century mosque located in the city of Lahore. 68EVERYDAY SCIENCE ENCYCLOPEDIA Writer Shafquat Ali The most abundant gas in earth's atmosphere is Hydrogen Oxygen Carbon Nitrogen ¥ Sopp The most abundant gas in the universe is A. Hydrogen¥ B.Oxygen C. Nitrogen D. Helium The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is___? A. OxygenvD. Equator E. None of these The most densest substance on the Earth is A. Platinum B. Copper C. Steel D. Osmium¥ Which from the following is NOT a conductor? A. Aluminum B. Gold C. Graphite D. All are conductors¥ CNG stands for?D. Moon Note : The Nearest planet to the sun is Mercury. The planet that moves round the Sun at the highest speed is A. Jupiter B. Venus C. Mars D. Mercury¥ The Great Spot is on the planet ? A. Saturn B. Venus Cc. Mars D. Jupiter V The bodyguard of the Earth is that saves the Earth from many Comets and Asteroids. A. MarsThe lifespan of Red Blood Cells is days? A. 60 B. 120V C. 180 D. 240 Red blood corpuscles are formed in the A. Liver B. Bone marrow¥ C. Kidneys D. Heart The lifespan of White Blood Cells is day(s)? As 1. B.3 C. 4-8 days DiSB. Saturn Cc, Uranus D. JupiterY The planets visible to us without using a telescope are__? DOR> au» w x When Pluto was cast out from the list of Planets? A. September 24, 2006 B. April 28, 2004 C. January 26, 2006 D. August 24, 2006V The most abundant element in the universe is . A. Oxygen B. Hydrogen V C. Carbon DioxideA device which converts chemical energy into electrical energy is called 2 A. motor B. generator C. moving-coil meter D. batteryV Barometer is used to measure: A. Vacuum Pressure B. Atmosphere PressureVY C. Water Pressure D. None of these Which device is used to measure Blood Pressure? A. Thermometer B. Stalagmeter Cc. Lactometer D. SphygmomanometerVB. Hydrogen C. Carbon Dioxide D. Silicon The most abundant element found in the human body is A: Iron B: Sodium C: Iodine D: OxygenV Which is the outermost planet in the solar system ? A. Mercury B. Pluto C. Neptunev D. Uranus The nearest planet to the Earth is 2 A. VenusV B. Mercury C. MarsD. Silicon Deficiency of Vitamin-A results in A. Night blindnessV B. rickets C. scurvy D. hair fall Vitamin C deficiency leads to: A. ScurvyV B. Cold C. Cancer D. Rickets Deficiency of Vitamin-D results in 2 A. night blindness B. ricketsVv C. scurvyAnswer: C Pin hole camera was invented by: A: Al Beruni B: Ibn-ul-Haitham C: Yaqoob kundi D: Abdus Salam Answer: B The word "Physics" comes from a word "Physikos' meaning "natural" A: Arabic B: Persian C: Greek D: Turkish Answer: C Who wrote a book "Kitab-ul-manazar" on optic? A: Al Kindi B: Ibn-al-Haitham C: Al-Beruni D: DR.Abdus Salam Answer: B He was awarded Nobel Prize in Physics in 1979 for his work on Grand Unification Theory (GUT) A: Al-Beruni B: Dr.Abdus SalamA. Nitrogen B. Carbon dioxide C. Methane D. Ammonia¥ The average adult has a blood volume of about. liters. po R> NDS Equator passes through one of these countries ? A. Saudi Arabia B. Italy C. Japan D. NoneV The Continent Antarctica lies at the 2 A. North pole B. South poleV C. middle of the earthA. Converted Natural Gas B. Conducted Natural Gas C. Conducted Natural Gas D. Compressed Natural GasV Which of the following is true for "Sound"? A. Sound cannot travel through a vacuum¥ B. Sound cannot travel through glasses C. Sound cannot travel through liquids D. Sound cannot travel through solids When white light is passed through a prism, it splits into_ colors. por> eNvun 1 nanometer =? A. 10-3 meter B. 10-6 meter C. 10*-9 meters?A: Interference of waves B: Reflection of waves C: Sound D: None of these Answer: C A longitudinal wave whose frequency is below the audible range is called __ A; Infrasonic wave B: Ultrasonic wave C: Audible sound D: None of these Answer: A Sound which produces unpleasant effect on the drum of the ear is called A: Noise B: Musical sound C: Reflection of sound D: Both (b) & (c) Answer: A The fluid part of blood is known as____ ? 20C: Al-Kindi D: Dr.Abdul Qadeer Khan Answer: B Question: The name of muslim scientist who was born in Basra and made several discoveries on music was A: Al-Beruni B: Al-Kindi C: Dr. Abdul Qadeer Khan D: Dr. Abdus Salam Answer: B The Sun is a ? A. Star¥ B, Planet C. Asteroid D. Meteor The gas used in a refrigerator to cool water is___?A) Ventricle B) Atrium C) SeptumV D) The great wall What organ removes waste from blood? A) Heart B) Lungs C) Eyes D) Kidneys¥ These are tubes that carry blood back to the heart: A) Arteries B) VeinsV C) Pipes D) Tubas Radioactivity was discovered by______ ? A. Kelvin B. Thomson C. Rutherford D. Becquerel¥C. Malta D. Pakistan The Scientific Name of a Human is ? A. Homo sapiens¥ B. Mono sapiens C. Bio sapiens D. Cosmopolitan What are the primary colors of Light? A. White, Black, Blue B. Red, Yellow, Blue C. Red, Orange, Blue D. Red, Green, Bluev Which of the following gasses do plants and trees give out during photosynthesis? A. Hydrogen B. Nitrogen C. Oxygenv D. Carbon dioxideD. 10-12 meter Instrument used for measuring very high temperature is. ? A. Pyroscope B. Pyrometerv C. Seismograph D. Xylometer Sound waves are. waves. A. Transverse B, Electromagnetic C. LongitudinalV D. none of these Number of vibrations completed in one second is called A: Time period B: Wave length C: Simple Harmonic motion D: Frequency Answer: D ___ is a form of energy which is produced by the vibratory body.The SI unit of "pressure" is 2 A. pascalv¥ B. joule C. tesla D. henry The SI unit of Heat is__? A. Watt B. Volt C. Joulev D. Newton Copper can be converted into gold by ? A. Artificial radioactivityV B. heating C. Electroplating D. Chemical reaction One of the countries through which the equator passes is ? A. KenyaV B. MalaysiaHow many chambers does the human heart have? A) Six B) Five C) Fourv D) Three The movement of blood through the heart and body is called: A) CirculationY B) Locomotion C) Ventriculation D) Heart pump The beating sound your heart makes comes from: A) Blood going in the wrong direction B) Valves closingv C) The heart skipping beats D) Your ears playing tricks on you With circulation, the heart provides your body with: A) Oxygen B) Nutrients C) A way to get rid of waste D) All of the abovev What wall separates the left side and right side of the heart?D. hair fall The deficiency of vitamin K causes ee) A. Loss of appetite B. Scurvy C. Sterility D. Blood clotting disorderv Deficiency of Iodine causes: ? A. Anemia B. Scurvy C. Goiterv D. Rickets The SI unit of charge is 2 A. Ampere B. Coulomb¥ Cc. Ohm D. VoltIbnul Haitham contributed towards _ physics. A: Acoustical B: Thermal C: Optical D: Chemical Answer: C The name of the famous book of Alberuni was A: Kitab al Manazir B: Aljabar wal Muqabla C: Qanoon al Masudi D: Zij al Khani Answer: C The founder of algebra, a famous Muslim scientists was. A: Al KHawarzmi B: Al Kindi C: Al Beruni D: Naseer ud din Tussi Answer: A Dr. A. Salam was awarded Noble Prize for his work on: A: Electronics B: Radiation C: Grand unification theory D: GravitationA person of which of the following blood groups is called a universal donor? GDOM> w> Pr >zo Which gland in the human body is called the master gland? A. Pancreas B. Thyroid C. PituitaryV D. Spleen How many bones are there in a newly born infant? A. 206 B. 230 C. 280 D. 3007 Which of the following have maximum calorific value? 65B. Newton C. Galileo D. Hubble An instrument to detect the purity of milk is 2 A. LactometerV B. Hygrometer C. Manometer D. Sonometer Who proposed this concept "All motion is relative"? A. Albert Einsteinv B. John Kepler C. Galileo Galilei D. None The field of specialization of famous Muslim scientist Abu Usman Aljahiz was? A. Botany B. ZoologyV Cc. Astronomy 60adjust What is the average adult pulse rate? A. 140-150 B. 115-125 C. 72-80V D. 60 The beautiful color patterns exhibited by a peacock in its tail feathers are due to ? A. Selective absorption of lightv B. Selective re ection of light C. Interference of light D. Natural color pattern of feathers A lake starts freezing because of the cold atmosphere. It will first freeze A. At the bottom B. In the middle pan C. At the top surface 71C. not a magnet D. Weakly attracted by a magnet E. None of these What is the body temperature of a normal man? A.81.1C B. 37.0 CV C. 98.6 C D. 21.7 C Which of the following helps in clotting of blood? A. Vitamin B1 B. Vitamin B2 C. Vitamin D D. Vitamin KV Total volume of blood in a normal adult human being is A. 5-6 litersV B. 3-4 liters C. 8-10 liters 61D. Theine Dolly is the name of the ? A. First cloned sheep¥ B. First cloned monkey C. First test-tube baby D. First human fossil Which part of the Camera is analogue to the retina in the human eye? A. Lens B. Filmv C. Aperture D. Shutter When a person enters a dark room from bright light he is not able to see clearly for a little while because the? A. Eye is unable to adjust itself immediately B. Retina becomes insensitive momentarily C. Iris is unable to dilate the pupil immediatelyV D. Distance between the lens and retina take time to 70B. Destruction of bacteria C. Prevention of anemia D. Utilization of energy Which of the following glands secrete tears? A. Lachrymal¥ B. Pituitary C. Thyroid D. Pancreas Which is the largest gland in the human body? A. Thyroid B. Liverv C. Pancreas D. None of these Which is the largest organ in the human body? A. Liver B. Heart C. Skin¥ D. KidneyA. Carbohydrates B. Fats¥ C. Proteins D. Vitamins Which of the following vitamins promote healthy functioning of eyes in human beings? A. Vitamin B B. Vitamin C C. Vitamin AV D. Vitamin D The average heartbeat per minute in a normal man is? A.50 B. 70V Cc. 80 D. 100 A person with which of the following blood groups can receive blood of any group? 66C. New Renaissance D. Tadhkira E. None of these Water is heated ina kettlE. The inside water is heated by convection. A person sitting near the fire receives heat by ? A. Conduction B. Convection C. RadiationV D. Reflection E. None of these In winter an iron pipe feels colder than a wooden window . This is because woodis ? A. Conductor B. Non-Conductor¥ C. Semi- Conductor D. Not a solid while iron is a solid E. None of these The echo (reflected sounD. will be distinctly heard only $3D. Elasticity A satellite moving round the earth with a uniform speed has. ? A. An accelerated motion B. No acceleration at all C. Uniform acceleration’ D. Uneven acceleration For being able to see three-dimensional pictures we have to use ? A. A binocular B. A camera C. An epidiascope D. A stereoscopeV The theory of Expanding Universe was first propounded by ? A. Einstein 79E. None of these The instrument which i specially design for recording earthquake wave is called seismograph which measure earthquake waves ona 2 A. Diatonic scale B. Fahrenheit Scale C. Richter scalev D. Celsius Scale E. None of these In humans , most nutrient molecules are absorbed by the ? A. Small intestinev B. Stomach C. Liver D. Large intestine E. None of these Cobalt is a material which is ___ ? A. Strongly attracted by a magnetV B. Not attracted by a magnet 60A. Chemical Reaction B. Nuclear reaction C. Fission nuclear reaction D. Fusion nuclear reaction’ E. None of these Parsec is a unit of. ? A. Energy B. Time C. Power D. DistanceV E. None of these German Silver is an alloy of __ ? A. Zn+ Ni B.Cu+ Zn Cc. Cu+ Niv D. Cu+Sn E. None of these The temperature of the dead body is ? 56A. One tenth¥ B. One fifth C. One fourth D. One third Most of the ozone in the atmosphere is concentrated in the ? A. Mesosphere B. Troposphere C. StratosphereV D. ionosphere The cow's milk contains how much amount of water in terms of percentage? A. 60% B. 65% C. 72% D. 80%V T.V. transmission cannot cover a very large area because A. the strength of T.V. waves is very limited B. picture cannot be transmitted clearly after a specific 73distance C. the shape of the earth is sphericalY D. the air is not a good conductor of light and sound/waves The GreenHouse Effect is caused by an excess of ? A. Carbon dioxidev B. Carbon monoxide C. Carbon tetrachloride D. None of the above Bats can also fly in dark because they are capable of taking the help of_____—? A. Ultraviolet Waves B. Ultrasonic WavesV C. Electromagnetic Waves D. Special Retina What is ‘Stealth Technology’? A. A device which when attached to an aircraft makes it invisible on the radar B. A coating which reduces the visibility of an aircraft 74A. Glaciers B. Desert¥ C. Islands D. Volcanoes E. Fertile land Quartz crystal in quartz watches work on the principle called? A. Photoelectric effect B. Stark effect C. Thermionic effect D. Piezo-electric effectV E. None of these The fruits without seed, like banana, are called ? A. Seedless fruits B. Parthenogenesis fruits C. Parthenocarpic fruitsV D. placental fruits E. Organic fruits Animal which captures and readily kills living animals for its food is called___ ? 51E. None of these A body can escape the gravitational pull of the earth if it is thrown up with a velocity of? A. 25 miles per sec b ) 60 miles per sec C.7 miles per sec D. 10 miles per sec E. None of these Night vision is possible with the help of ? A. Red light B. Violet light C. Infrared RaysV D. Ultraviolet Light E. None of these Myopia is a defect of Human eye. Can it be corrected by using a lens called? A. Convex lens B. Concave lensV C. Cylindrical lens D. Plano convex lens 59A. Water is good conductor of heat B, Water has very high specific heat capacityY C. Water boils at a comparatively high temperature D. Evaporation of water produces lot of cooling Scalding with steam is more severe than scalding by boiling water because 2 A. Steam can penetrate the skin B. Steam is at a higher temperature C. Steam contains more energy than boiling waterV D. Steam is at a higher pressure In order to prevent the corrosion of iron pipes they are often coated with a layer of zinc. This process is termed as ? A. Electroplating B. Annealing C. Galvanizationv D. Vulcanization The cracking sound heard when dry hair is combed with a hard rubber comb is due to ? A. The hair barging against the charged comb Wat ordinary temperatures if the distance of the reflecting surfaces from the source of sound is at least ? A. 1120 ft B. 120 ft C. 56 ftv D. 100 ft E. None of these It is possible to recognize a person in the dark by simply hearing his unique voice . It is because of the ? A. pitch¥ B. Frequency C. Time period D. Quality E. None of these When a ray of sunlight enters a dark room , its straight path becomes visible because of dust particles hanging in the air. It is because lightis ? A. Visiblev B. TransparentC. Invisible D. opaque E. None of these A six feet tall lady wants to see her full image in a plane mirror . The minimum length of the mirror will be ? A. 6 feet B. 12 feet C. 4 feetv D. 3 feet E. None of these The principle used in radar is the same as that of Sonar. In radar we use radio waves ; whereas in sonar we use ? A. red waves B. Infrared waves C. UltrasonicY D. super sonic E. None of these In a fission nuclear reaction , a heavy nucleus breaks up into smaller nuclei whereas in another nuclear reaction two or more than two possibly nuclei are fused to form a heavy nucleus This nuclear reaction is called ? 55Twinkling of stars caused by ? A. Reflection of light B. Polarization of light C. refraction of lightv D. Interference of light E. None of these Magnifying power of a simple microscope be increased by? A. increasing focal length of the lens B. Decreasing focal length of the lensV C. Lens of large aperture D. lens of short aperture E. None of these A nuclear reactor is a device used to carry out a controlled nuclear reaction whereas a GM counter is a device used to detect? A. Current B. Voltage C. Nuclear Radiationv D. power 58A. The value of 'g' is less in water B. Density of air is less than that of water C. Of the viscous force in water D. Of The surface tension of water Which one of the following sets of color combinations is added in color vision in TV'? A. Red, green and blueV B. Orange, back and violet C. White. red and yellow D. Yellow, green and blue A train goes past a railway station at a high speed. A young boy standing on the edge of the platform is likely to ? A. Remain unaffected B. Fall away from the train C. Fall towards the train¥ D. Fall away from or towards the train depending upon the speed Water is a highly effective coolant for a car engine because? 76. Room Temperature . Temperature of the place where it is keptv . None of these Lactometer is a type of Hydrometer which is used to measure the specific gravity of 9 A. Honey B. Water C. Milkv D. olive oil E. None of these The deepest place on earth is ? A. Trench B. Mariana Trench¥ C. Mangrove D. Groove E. None of these STB. Small electric sparksv C. The rubbing of the comb with the hair D. None of the above Detergents dissolved in water help in cleaning clothes by. ? A. Increasing the temperature of water B. Reacting chemically with dirt C. Reducing the surface tension of waterv D. Dissolving dirt The absorption of ink by blotting paper involves 2 A. Viscosity of ink B. Capillary action phenomenon¥ C. Diffusion of ink through the blotting D. Siphon action Materials for rain-proof coats and tents owe their water proof properties to a A. Surface tensionv B. Viscosity C. Specific gravity 78on radar¥ C. A Technology by which it is possible for the aircraft's to spy in the enemy air-space D. A technology by using which paratroopers can be dropped stealthily behind the enemy columns. The primary function of the feathers in birds isto ? A. Provide insulation for preserving body heat B. Provide striking surface to the wings for flying C. Make the body surface waterproof D. impart coloration for species as well as sex recognition The rear view mirror of a motor vehicle is. 2 A. Concave B. Plane C. Convex¥ D. Biconcave Lead ball falls through water more slowly than through air because. ? 75A. Parasite B. Scavenger C. Predator D. Mammal E. None of these Ina railway track, two rails are joined end to end witha gap in between them because? A. Steel can be saved B. Accidents due to contraction in winter can be avoided C. Air gaps are necessary for bearing the weight of running train D. Accidents due to expansion in summer can be avoided E. All of these Name the famous book of Ibn-Sina in which he discussed human physiology and medicine 9 A. Al-Qanun’ B. Al-Masudi 52A. Liver B. EyesV¥ Cc. Lungs D. Kidneys ECG is used for the diagnosis of ailments of ? A. Brain B. Heart C. Kidneys D. Lungs Dialysis is used for the treatment of ___ ? A. Kidney failurev B. Heart weakness C. Brain diseases D. None of these The most important stimulant in tea leaves is? A. Brucine B. Caffeinev C. Phenylalanine 69D. 10-12 liters How many bones are there in an adult human being? A. 210 B. 260 C. 206V D. 300 Tibia is a bone found in the 2 A. Skull B. Arm C. LegV D. Face The largest part of the human brain is ? A. Medulla oblongata B. Cerebellum C. Cerebrum¥ D. None of these What is the main component of bones and teeth? 62D. Sex organ Myopia is a disease connected with__ 2 A. Ears B. EyesV C. Lungs D. Brain Leukemia is a disease of the_ x 2 A. Lungs B. Blood*V C. Skin D. Nerves Short-sightedness can be corrected by using ___. 2 A. Convex lens B. Concave lens¥ C. Convex-concave lens D. Concave-convex lens Trachoma is a disease of the ? 68D. Uniformly throughout the water body The sun appears red at sunrise and sunset while it appears white at noon, because A. Of refraction B. It is cooler at sunrise and at sunset C. Of diffraction leading to the red end of the spectrum reaching the earth. D. Of Scattering of light due to dust particles and air molecules.V¥ An astronaut inside a spacecraft is in a state of weightlessness. This imply that? A. The mass of the astronaut is reduced to zero B. Gravity inside the spacecraft ceases to act C. The astronaut is outside the influence of the earth's gravitational force D. The astronaut and the spacecraft are both in a free-failing stateV An iceberg is floating in the sea. How much of its mass will remain above the surface of water? 72A. Calcium carbonate B. Calcium phosphateV C. Calcium sulfate D. Calcium nitrate The main constituent of hemoglobin is ? A. Chlorine B. Ironv C. Calcium D. None of these The main function of the kidney is. ? A. To control blood pressure B. To control body temperature C. To remove waste product from the body D. To help in digestion of food The function of hemoglobin is ? A. Transportation of oxygen’ 63DOR> o> our> a Malaria is a disease which affects the ? A. Heart B. Lungs C. Spleenv D. Kidneys Which of the following diseases is caused by viruses? A. Small poxv B. Tuberculosis C. Malaria D. Cholera Medulla oblongata is a part of human, ? A. Heart B. Brain’ C. Liver o7Master Encyclopedia of Everyday Science For All Examinations. Pakistan Affairs Notes Current Affairs Notes Everyday Science Notes Available only in 500 Rs. WhatsApp message only 03032154066 email : shafquat2k8@gmail.com+Manufacturer/developer: Beijing Institute of Biological Products, Sinopharm Interview Question +Difference between epidemic and pandemic. *An Epidemic is generally defined as the process of rapidly spreading of infectious diseases within a short period of time into a large number of people in a given population and spread over to several countries or continents. *Bubonic plague, Cholera, Influenza, SARS and Smallpox, are some of the common examples of Epidemics. *One of the few examples of epidemic diseases is the West African Ebola.One Liners Short Notes Everyday Science MCQS CSS Everyday Science Past Papers MCQS Universe , Solar System,Covid-19 GK, Earth Science, Space Science, Ecology, History, Inventions and Discoveries, Scientific Instruments, Acid Rain, Atmosphere, Vitamins, Minerals, Fertilizers, Pesticides, Diseases caused by, Cell , Atom, Light, Nervous System, Digestive System, Electromagnetism, Circulatory System and more... Different Sciences , Food Science, Units , Abbreviations, Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Astronomy , Botany, Zoology, Ecology, Everyday Science MCQS, Master Encyclopedia for all Examinations.+The word ‘Science’ is derived from the Latin word ‘Scientia’ which means knowledge. Discoveries X-Rays : Roentgen Radioactivity : Becquerel Electron : Thomson Radium and Polonium :M. Curie Alpha and Beta rays : Rutherford Proton : Rutherford Universe is expanding :Hubble Neutron : Chadwick Nuclear Fission : Hahn The periodic table consists of 7 periods. *Each of the table's horizontal rows is called a period.*Covid-19 is a disease. *New virus of Covid-19 disease was named SARS-CoV-2 on 11 February 2020 by WHO. *The Oxford, AstraZeneca vaccine is a vaccine that aims to protect against COVID-19 Manufacturer/developer: AstraZeneca, University of Oxford *The BioNTech, Pfizer vaccine is a vaccine that aims to protect against COVID-19. Manufacturer/developer: BioNTech, Fosun Pharma, Pfizer *The Sinopharm vaccine is a vaccine that aims to protect against COVID-19.9:46 all 49 ll ¥Y 6©e@A + & Everyday Science Encyclopedia Master Encyclopedia of Everyday Science For All Examinations. Pakistan Affairs Notes Current Affairs Notes Everyday Science Notes Available only in 500 Rs. WhatsApp message only 03032154066] email : shafquat2k8 gmail.com*The modern periodic table of the elements contains 18 groups, or vertical columns. +Mendeleev is given sole credit for his development of the periodic table. There are 118 elements in the modern periodic table. The first 94 elements of the periodic table are naturally occurring, while the rest from 95 to 118 have only been synthesized in laboratories or nuclear reactors.+ you'll find the very important ozone layer in The stratosphere *Mesosphere. Located between about 50 and 80 kilometers +The mesosphere is the third and coldest layer of Earth's atmosphere . Thermosphere. Located between about 80 and 700 kilometers The aurora borealis and aurora australis are sometimes seen here.. +Exosphere. Located between about 700 and 10,000 kilometers. «Most Earth satellites orbit in the exosphere. *Most abundant element in air is Nitrogen.+A pandemic is the worldwide spread of a new disease. A pandemic is a larger version of an epidemic. In other words, when an epidemic goes out of control, it is known as a pandemic. If an epidemic covers many countries spreading through continents, it is likely to be a pandemic. . *HIV or AIDS is one of the examples for the most destructive global pandemics in history. *The main causes of Epidemic and Pandemic are the pathogenic or harmful microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses and other parasites that can spread, directly or indirectly, from one person to another through the air, water, and other modes of transmission.+The first known case was identified in Wuhan, China, in December 2019.. *The first known infections from SARS-CoV-2 were discovered in Wuhan, China. The original source of viral transmission to humans remains unclear. *The virus was confirmed to have reached Pakistan on 26 February 2020. *Dec 13 , 2021- Pakistan has confirmed its first case of the Omicron COVID-19 variant in Karachi. *The lungs are the organs most affected by COVID-19. *The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused bya virus.Viral Diseases * Mumps * Measles + Chicken-pox + Small-pox + Rabies + Hepatitis - AIDS + Influenza + Polio * Covid-19 Bacterial Diseases ° T.B. + Diphtheria * Whooping cough * Typhoid- Elon Musk is an American entrepreneur who co-founded the electronic-payment firm PayPal and formed SpaceX, maker of launch vehicles and spacecraft. *Elon Musk, the co-founder and CEO of Tesla, is the richest person in the world. *SpaceX was founded by Elon Musk with the goal of reducing space transportation costs to enable the colonization of Mars. Covid-19 «Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).+ Cholera + Tetanus Fundamental Physical Quantities and Units. Seven SI base units. Mass (M) Kilogram Kg. Length (L) meter m Time (T) second s Temperature (K) Kelvin K Electric current. ampere A Luminous intensity Candela cd Amount of substance mole mol*Most abundant element in the universe is hydrogen. *Most abundant element in earth's crust is oxygen . *Most abundant element in the human body is oxygen. +Renewable Energy Resources Solar Energy Wind Energy, Tidal Energy Geothermal Energy Biomass Energy from plants and animals , Biofuels, Biogas Hydropower Energy Wood , water Sunlight, wind, rain, waves,tides, geothermal heat (Heat of earth).There are three general kinds of galaxies: elliptical, spiral, and irregular. The Milky Way is a spiral galaxy «Nearest Star to the sun is Proxima Centauri also called Alpha Centauri C. *Alpha Centauri is not a star, but really a star system. The Alpha Centauri System contains three stars : Alpha Centauri A, Alpha Centauri B and Alpha Centauri C or Proxima Centauri. *Universe is 13.8 billion years old The sun is 4.6 billion years old. +Earth is 4.5 billion years old. *Our nearest major neighboring galaxy is called Andromeda 22*The largest Moon in the solar system is Ganymede. «Second largest Moon in the solar system is Titan. *Ganymede is the largest Moon of Jupiter. +Titan is the largest Moon of Saturn. *Triton is the largest Moon of Neptune. «Saturn has the maximum number of moons in the solar system *Mercury has no moon, «Venus has no moon. +*Mars has 2 moons Phobos and Deimos 24Universe and Solar System «Lunar Eclipse. During a lunar eclipse, Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, blocking the sunlight falling on the Moon. +Lunar eclipses occur at the ~ full moon phase. When Earth is positioned precisely between the Moon and Sun, Earth's shadow falls upon the surface of the Moon, dimming it and sometimes turning the lunar surface a striking red over the course of a few hours. +Solar Eclipse An eclipse of the Sun happens when the Moon moves between the Sun and Earth, blocking out the Sun's rays and casting a shadow on parts of Earth. 20The planets orbit the Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The dwarf planets Pluto, Ceres, Makemake, Haumea, and Eris also orbit the Sun. *Just outside of Neptune’s orbit is a ring of icy bodies. We call it the Kuiper Belt. This is where you'll find dwarf planet Pluto. It’s the most famous of the objects floating in the Kuiper Belt, which are also called Kuiper Belt Objects, or KBOs. There are bits of rock and ice, comets and dwarf planets in the Kuiper Belt. Besides Pluto anda bunch of comets, other interesting Kuiper Belt Objects are Eris, Makemake and Haumea. They are dwarf planets like Pluto. or-Our Sun is a 4.6 billion-year-old star - a hot glowing ball of hydrogen and helium at the center of our solar system. The Sun is about 93 million miles (150 million kilometers) away. The part of the Sun we see from Earth - the part we call the surface - is the photosphere. The Sun doesn’t actually have a solid surface because it’s a ball of plasma +The Sun doesn’t have moons, but it’s orbited by eight planets, at least five dwarf planets, tens of thousands of asteroids, and perhaps three trillion comets and icy bodies. *The temperature in the Sun's core is about 27 million degrees Fahrenheit (15 million degrees Celsius) - hot enough to sustain nuclear fusion. 26the Sun, it has the shortest year of all the planets in our solar system — 88 days. *Mercury is a rocky planet, also known as a terrestrial planet. Mercury has a solid, cratered surface, much like the Earth's moon. *Mercury has no moon. Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is Earth’s closest planetary neighbor. It’s one of the four inner, terrestrial (or rocky) planets, and it’s often called Earth’s twin because it’s similar in size and density. These are not identical twins, however - there are radical differences between the two worlds. Venus is the second planet from the Sun and is Earth’s closest planetary neighbor. It’s one of the four inner, terrestrial (or rocky) planets, and it’s often 29SOLAR SYSTEM «Solar system was discovered by Copernicus. *Saturn has the maximum number of moons in the solar system. There are 8 planets in the solar system. «Mars is known as the Red planet. *Our solar system is made up of a star, eight planets, and countless smaller bodies such as dwarf planets, asteroids, and comets. +*Our solar system orbits the center of the Milky Way galaxy at about 515,000 mph (828,000 kph). We're in one of the galaxy’s four spiral arms. +It takes our solar system about 230 million years to complete one orbit around the galactic center. The planets of our solar system - and even some asteroids - hold more than 200 moons in their orbits. 25The instrument used to measure wind speed is? A. Anemometer¥ B. Barometer C. Hydrometer D. Hygrometer The natural fats and oils are composed of _____? A. Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen¥ B. Carbon, Hydrogen and Nitrogen C. Carbon, Oxygen and Nitrogen D. Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen The energy value of food is measured in___ ? A. Joule B. CaloriesV C. Tesla D. Proteins Wind energy is the energy. A. Potential B. Transverse C. Kinetic¥ D. Mechanical 29B. Ultraviolet¥ C, X-rays D. Gamma rays E. None of these The phenomenon of Aurora Borealis, the display of red and green lights in northern hemisphere is due to radiations from ? A. lonosphereV B. Troposphere C. Mesosphere D. Stratosphere E. None of these Yeast is used in making bread because it produces 2 A. Carbon dioxidev B. Sugar C. Bacteria D. Oxygen E. None of these Oasis is associated with ? 50Chemical name of vinegar is 3% A. Sodium Nitrate B. Dilute acetic acidV C. Chloride of lime D. Calcium E. None of these Hygrometer is used for measuring the ? A. Speed of sound B. Density of milk C. Humidity of airv D. Specific gravity of liquids E. None of these Bronze is an alloy of___ ? A. Copper and Zinc B. Tin and Zinc C. Copper and Tinv D. Iron and Zine 42»Non Renewable Energy Resources Fossil fuels Oil Natural gas Coal Petroleum Nuclear energy + Other Non-renewable Energy Sources Nuclear energy is usually considered another non-renewable energy source. Although nuclear energy itself is a renewable energy source, the material used in nuclear power plants is not. Uranium is a non - Renewable resource. +Renewable energy sources are the best clean energy and can be used again and again. *Non Renewable Energy Resources are not environment friendly and can't be used again.+A solar eclipse occurs when the moon comes between Earth and the sun, and the moon casts a shadow over Earth. A solar eclipse can only take place at the phase of the ~ new moon, when the moon passes directly between the sun and Earth and its shadows fall upon Earth's surface. +*Rotation of the Earth causes days and nights on the earth *The Revolution of the Earth causes seasons on the earth. *Scientific study of the universe is called cosmology. *A Belgian priest named Georges Lemaitre first suggested the big bang theory. +Shape of our galaxy is spiral. *Our galaxy is called the Milky way. 24+Bohr uses quantum theory to modify Rutherford’s model of the atom. + Einstein published his general theory of relativity. *De Broglie suggests that particles can behave as waves. *Schrodinger developed a wave-machine model of the atom + Lemaitre suggests the possibility of the Big Bang. «Hubble discovers that the Universe is expanding. 1957 - First artificial satellite, Sputnik I, put into orbit launched by the USSR. +1969 - First manned landing on the Moon Intel Corporation makes the first microprocessor.»Troposphere 12 Kilometers above. The troposphere is the densest atmospheric layer. *The troposphere provides oxygen that we can breathe, keeps Earth at a livable temperature, and allows for weather to occur, making it a very important part of the atmosphere. Stratosphere. Located between approximately 12 and 50 kilometers The stratosphere is the second layer of the atmosphere of the Earth, located above the troposphere and below the mesosphere. +Planes fly in the second layer of the atmosphere called the stratosphere + The stratosphere is best known as home to Earth’s ozone layer, which protects us from the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet radiation.+*Black hole Formed from a massive supernova or a neutron star, a black hole is billions of times smaller than an atom and so dense that its gravity pulls in everything including light. *Supernova As the star self-destructs in an explosion brighter than a billion suns, its massive core continues to collapse in on itself. «Neutron star Formed from a supernova with a small core, a neutron star is a super- dense, fast-spinning star. NOTES ON MOONS Science Notes Shafquat Ali 23Atmosphere + Earth’s atmosphere is composed of about 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen, 0.9 percent argon, and 0.1 percent other gasses. Trace amounts of carbon dioxide, methane, water vapor, and neon are some of the other gasses that make up the remaining 0.1 percent. Earth’s atmosphere has five major and several secondary layers. From lowest to highest, the major layers are the troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere.+The Oort Cloud is the most distant region of our solar system. Even the nearest objects in the Oort Cloud are thought to be many times farther from the Sun than the outer reaches of the Kuiper Belt. *The smallest planet in our solar system and nearest to the Sun, Mercury is only slightly larger than Earth's Moon. *Mercury is not the hottest planet in our solar system ~ that title belongs to nearby Venus, for its dense atmosphere. +Fastest Planet Mercury is the fastest planet in our solar system — traveling through space at nearly 29 miles (47 kilometers) per second. The closer a planet is to the Sun, the faster it travels. Since Mercury is the fastest planet and has the shortest distance to travel around 28+ Ampere works out a law for the force between current-carrying conductors + Ohm states his law for metal conductors. +» Faraday demonstrated electromagnetic induction. +Kelvin states the law of conservation of energy. +*Maxwell predicts the existence of radio waves and other electromagnetic waves. «Hertz demonstrates the existence of radio waves. *Marconi transmits the first radio signals. *Plank proposed the Quantum theory Albert Einstein and Karl Marx were born in Germany. +Einstein uses quantum theory to explain the photoelectric effect, and publishes his special theory of relativity. *Rutherford proposes a nuclear model of the atom.B. Uranium Plutonium carbide C. Uranium Plutonium OxideY D. Uranium thorium Oxide E. None of these Monsoon is caused by. ? A. Seasonal reversal of windsV B. Revolution of earth C. Movement of clouds D. Rise in temperature E. Rainforests Which of the following atmospheric layers help in radio communication? A. Exosphere B. IonosphereY C. Troposphere D. Stratosphere E. Ozone layer A moderator is used in a nuclear reactor in order to ? A. Accelerate the neutrons 48KEY DEVELOPMENTS IN SCIENCE *Copernicus suggests that the Sun is at the center of the Universe, with the Earth and planets moving around it. Gilbert suggests that the Earth acts like a giant bar magnet. * Galileo shows that all falling objects should have the same, steady acceleration. *Huyghens puts forward his wave theory of light. +Hooke states his law for elastic materials. + Newton publishes his theory of gravity and laws of motion. + Franklin performs a hazardous experiment with a kite to show that lightning is electricity. +Dalton suggests that matter is made up of atoms. «Young demonstrates the wave nature of light.D. NitrogenY What is Dry Ice? A. Solid Oxygen B. Solid Carbon Dioxide C. Solid Hydrogen D. Solid Nitrogen Digestion of food is completed in the___? A. small intestinev B. large intestine C. stomach D. Liver Carrot is good source of Vitamin ? A. Vitamin AV B. Vitamin B C. Vitamin C D. Vitamin D For proper formation of teeth,___Is it essential? 25Diamond is anallotropic form of ? A. Carbonv B. Hydrogen C. Nitrogen D. Silicon The good sources of Vitamin-A are? A. green leafy vegetablesV B. seeds C. fresh vegetables and fruits D. sea foods The good sources of Vitamin-B Complex are? A. green leafy vegetables B. seedsV C. fresh vegetables and fruits D. sea foods The good sources of Vitamin-C are__? A. green leafy vegetables 27Bronze medal made up of metals ? A. copper,nickel B. copper, tin’ C. copper, silver D. copper, zinc Addison's disease is caused by the deficiency of. 2 A. Antidiuretic Hormone B. Luteinising Hormone C. Melanophore stimulating Hormone D. Adrenocorticotropic HormoneY Hummingbirds belong to a category called ? A. Ectotherm B. EndothermY C. Exotherm D. Heterothermy. Radioactive isotope of Uranium used in Nuclear Bomb is ?The three elements needed for healthy growth of plants are. 2 arn Kv ,P ,P poR> ZZZZ DA Clocks, which move with the velocities comparable with the velocity of light, run ? A. fast B. slow C. equal to the velocity of light D. with zero velocity Max Planck received the nobel prize in Physics in 1918 for his discovery of ? A. electron B. energy quantaV C. photon D. positron 33D. Rectifierv In night, when photosynthesis is stopped, plants ? A. take in Carbon Dioxide B. take in Oxygen C. give off Carbon Dioxide D. give off Oxygen are called the powerhouses of the cell? A. MitochondriaV B. Vesicles Cc. Lungs D.Liver Milk contains water A. 70% B. 75% C. 80% D. 90% 32C. Gain of Protons D. Loss of Protons At night, Plants intake___and release___? A. Oxygen - Carbon dioxidev B. Carbon dioxide - Oxygen C. Oxygen - Carbon monoxide D. Carbon monoxide - Oxygen Urine is producedin ? A. KidneysV B. Lungs C. Large intestine D. Liver Blood is cleaned by___ ? A. Lungs B. Liver C. Heart D. KidneysV The position of an element in the Periodic Table is determined by its___ — number?Who is considered the founder of meteorology? A. Aristotley B. Plato C. Einstein D. Newton Water covers of the Earth's surface? A. 61% B. 67% C.71%V D. 76% In general, wind speed of 105-137 caused. ? A. minor or no damageV B. considerable damage C. severe damage D. extreme damage Acid rain is mainly caused by emissions of. in the atmosphere? A. Sulfur Dioxide and Potassium Nitrate 30energy are interchangeable is? Long-sight defect can be corrected by using lens__ A. concave B. Convex¥ C. diverging D. none of these The SI unit of electric current is? A. Coulomb B. AmpereV C. Volt D. Watt The principal constituent of the atmosphere of the Earth is? A. Oxygen B. Carbon Cc. Hydrogen 24B. Sulfur and Charcoal C. Nitrogen Oxide and Potassium Nitrate D. Sulfur Dioxide and Nitrogen OxideV About 50% of the Earth's crust, including the waters on the Earth and atmosphere, is? A. Oxygen¥ B. Carbon Dioxide C. Silicon D. Clay The fourth state of matter is? A. Water B. Salts C. Vapors D. Plasma¥ The device used to convert Alternate Current into Direct Current is called? A. Anemometer B. Battery C. Galvanometer 31A. plasmaV B. platelets C. blood cells D. None of these During winter in cold countries, the__is mixed to melt the ice on the icy roads. A. Salt¥ B. Chlorine C. Carbon dioxide D. Water GPS is an abbreviation for? A. Global Poles System B. Global PolySilicone Store C. Global Positioning System VV D. Global Position Structure Oxidation is a chemical reaction involving the ? A. Gain of Electrons B. Loss of Electrons 21A. Endobiology B. ExobiologyV C. Neurobiology D. Neurobiology E. Micro biology The name of the common mineral salt present in sweat is ? A. Calcium Oxalate B. Potassium Sulfate C. Sodium Chloridev D. Iron Sulfate E. None of these Sensitive layer of the eye is? A. Choriods B. Sclerotic C. Retina¥ D. Cornea E. None of these Laughing gas has the chemical composition of the 38C. Canis Major D. Taurus E. None of these Eugenics is the study of ? A. Altering human beings by changing their genetic componentsV¥ B. People of European region C. Different races of mankind D. Genetic of plants E. None of these The position of earth in its orbit, when it is at its greatest distance from the sun causing northern summer is called ? A. Aphelionv B. Perihelion C. Perigee D. Apogee E. None of these Diamond is a very expensive ornament. It is composed of a single element ? 44A. Electron B. Proton’ Cc. Neutron D. Positron The planet which is easily visible from the Earth is? A. Mercury B. VenusV C. Mars D. Jupiter According to Big Bang Theory, the Universe began about__billion years ago. A. 10 - 20V B, 20-30 C. 30-40 D. 40 - 50 Einstein's famous equation which states that mass and 23by. ? A. Optical fiber B. Transistor C. Decoder D. PhotodiodeV E. None of these Where do most Asteroids lie? A. In asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter B. In asteroid belt between the orbits of Mars and Venus C. In asteroid belt between the orbits of Jupiter and Venus D. Everywhere in the sky E. None of these The half life of a radioactive element is 8-days. How long does it take to reduce it from 10 mg to 5 mg? A. 4 days B. 12 days 46E. None of these The science which deals with the study of manners and customs of people is ? A. EthnologyV B. Morphology C. Ethics D. Genetics E. None of these Chemicals used to kill rats and mice are ? A. Insecticides B. Rodenticides¥ C. Fungicides D. Herbicides E. None of these Dry ice is 2 A. Methane hydrate B. Liquid Nitrogen C. Solid Carbon dioxidev D. Frozen Water E. None of these a”E. None of these Which of the following is most elastic ? A. Steel¥ B. Rubber C. Glass D. Sponge E. None of these Orbital period of the planet Mercury around the sun is 2 A. 88 days¥ B. 365 days C. 2 years D. 98 days E. None of these The most splendid and the most magnificent constellation in the sky is? A. OrionY B. Columbia 43,B. seeds C. fresh vegetables and fruitsV D. sea foods The good sources of iodine are ? A. green leafy vegetables B. seeds C. fresh vegetables and fruits D. sea foods¥ The gas, commonly known as "laughing gas"’, is A. Carbon Dioxide B. Sulfur Dioxide C. Nitrous OxideV D. Sodium Oxide The source of oxygen in photosynthesis is A. water¥ B. salts C. minerals D. glucose 28Role of biotechnology in the production of food based on 2 A. Decomposition B. Respiration C. Digestion D. Fermentationv E. None of these Founder of modern astronomy was___? A. Archimedes B. William Gilbert C. Nicolaus Copernicus D. Michael Faraday E. None of these The instrument which measures very high temperature Cen ar | A. Manometer B. Thermostat C. Chronometer D. Pyrometer¥ 40A. iodine B. copper C. fluorinev D. iron Deficiency of___causes loss of appetite and poor growth? A. zinev B. iodine C. copper D. iron Meteorology is the study of? A. Seasons B. Atmospherev C. Air and sounds D. Winds and clouds The Carbon Dioxide in the atmosphere, by volume, isin F A. 0.039% B. 3.9% C.13% D. 30% 26A.92 U 235V B.92 U 234 C. 92 U 233 D. 92 U 238 Human population growth is greatest in developing countries because ? A. the birth rate is high in developing countriesV B. the death rate is high in developing countries. C. much of the population has already reached the child bearing age. D. Most of the world's population lives in industrialized countries. Which woody raw material is used for the manufacture of paper pulp? A. Cotton B, Poplary C. Bagasse D. Rice straw Rectified spirit contains alcohol ? A. 80% 35A. CarbonY B. Gold C. Silver D. Platinum E. None of these Which of the following layers make radio transmission possible? A. Troposphere B. IonosphereV C. Mesosphere D. Stratosphere E. None of these Which of the following explains the reason why there is no total eclipse of the sun? A. Size of the earth in relation to that of moon B. Orbit of moon around earth C. Direction of rotation of earth around sun D. Area of the sun covered by the moonv E. None of these Television signals are converted into light signals 45C. 16 days D. 8 daysV E. None of these The term 'Blue Shift’ is used to indicate? A. Doppler effect in which an object appears blue when it is moving towards the observer or observer is moving towards the object.v B. Turning a star from white to blue C. In future sun would become blue D. Black hole was blue at its start E. None of these Kilowatt-hour isaunitof ? A. Power B. Electric Current C. Energy D. Time E. None of these Fuel used in a Fast Breeder Reactoris ? A. Uranium Oxide 47A light year is a unit of ? A. Time B. Energy C. Lengthv D. Mass One of the main functions of the earth's ozone layer is to? A. Prevent global warming B. Filter out ultraviolet raysV C. Absorb pollution D. All of the above People with the following blood group are considered to be universal recipients ? A. At B. B+ C. AB+¥ D. O+ E. None of these Study of life in outer space is known as ? 37B. 95%V/ C. 70% D. 85% Which of the following elements is not present abundantly in earth's crust ? A. Silicon B. Radium¥ Cc. Aluminum D. Carbon The famous book; Al - Qanun was written by the Muslim scientist ? A. Jabar bin Hayyan B. Zakariya Al - Razi C. Abu Ali Sina¥ D. Abul Qasim Majriti Basic metals can be converted into gold by ? A. Heating B. Beating C. Artificial nuclear radioactivityV D. Chemical reaction 36B. Slow down the speed of the neutronsV C. Increase the number of elections D. Decrease the number of electrons E. None of these Sedimentary rocks are_ ? A. Porous¥ B. Hard C. Rough D. Brittle E. Volcanic Which one of the following is a non-metallic mineral? A. Manganese B. Magnesium C. Gypsum¥ D. Bauxite E. None of these Ozone layer prevents. radiation from entering the atmosphere? A. Infra-red 49following two elements ? A. Nitrogen + Hydrogen B. Nitrogen + Carbon C. Nitrogen + OxygenV D. Oxygen + Carbon E. None of these Dr. Abdus Salam of Pakistan was one of the contributors of the unification of ? A. Electromagnetic force and gravitational force B. Electromagnetic force and weak nuclear forcev C. Gravitational force and weak nuclear force D. Weak nuclear force and strong nuclear force E. None of these Which of the following is not a part of Darwinism? A. Overproduction¥ B. Natural selection C. Inheritance for acquired characters D. Competition for survival E. None of these 39+Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun, and has the third-largest diameter in our solar system. It was the first planet found with the aid of a telescope, Uranus was discovered in 1781 by astronomer William Herschel, although he originally thought it was either a comet ora star. *Uranus is an ice giant. Most of its mass is a hot, dense fluid of "icy" materials - water, methane and ammonia — above a small rocky core. *Uranus has 27 known moons, and they are named after characters from the works of William Shakespeare and Alexander Pope. +*Dark, cold, and whipped by supersonic winds, ice giant Neptune is the eighth and most distant planet in our solar system. *Neptune has 14 known moons which are named after sea gods and nymphs in Greek mythology-Earth orbits our Sun, a star. Earth is the third planet from the Sun at a distance of about 93 million miles (150 million km). +A day on Earth is 24 hours. Earth makes a complete orbit around the sun (a year in Earth time) in about 365 days. +*Earth's atmosphere is 78 percent nitrogen, 21 percent oxygen and 1 percent other ingredients—the perfect balance to breathe and live. +Mars is one of the most explored bodies in our solar system, and it's the only planet where we've sent rovers to roam the alien landscape. *Mars has a thin atmosphere made up mostly of carbon dioxide (CO2), argon (Ar), nitrogen (N2), and a small amount of oxygen and water vapor. 32Comet +A comet is an icy, small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to release glasses. *Halley's comet comes visible from Earth every 76 years. Asteroid Belt The asteroid belt is a region in the Solar System, located roughly between the orbits of the planets Jupiter and Mars. It contains a great many solid, irregularly shaped bodies, of many sizes but much smaller than planets, called asteroids or minor planets Asteroids oFHISTORY +*Socrates was a teacher of Plato. +Plato was a teacher of Aristotle. +Aristotle was the teacher of Alexander the Great. «Inspired by Pythagoras, he founded his Academy in Athens in which he stressed mathematics as a way of understanding more about reality. In particular, he was convinced that geometry was the key to unlocking the secrets of the universe. «Aristotle is known as the First Teacher in philosophy. 43France: The Center national d'études spatiales (CNES) (English: National Center for Space Studies) is the French government space agency *South Korea : KARI Korea Aerospace Research Institute (KARI) *North Korea: NADA NADA: National Aerospace Development Administration ,NADA is the official space agency of North Korea. Venus is also known as morning star or evening star “Olympus Mons” - Largest volcano and the tallest mountain in the solar system lies on Mars. *The Great Red Spot, a giant storm in the solar system, exists on Jupiter Planet. a1*Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi was a 9th-century Muslim mathematician and astronomer. He is known as the “father of algebra”, a word derived from the title of his book, Kitab al-Jabr. *Muhammad ibn Missa al-Khwarizmi, or al-Khwarizmi and formerly Latinized as Algorithm, was a Persian polymath who produced vastly influential works in mathematics, astronomy, and geography. Around 820 CE he was appointed as the astronomer and head of the library of the House of Wisdom in Baghdad. *The House of Wisdom, also known as the Grand Library of Baghdad, refers to either a major Abbasid public academy and intellectual center in Baghdad or to a large private library belonging to the Abbasid Caliphs during the Islamic Golden Age. 49+Jupiter's 4 large Galilean Moons “Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto” which were discovered by Galileo. “Ganymede” is the largest among them. «Saturn is the Second largest planet in the solar system and a gas giant. +Neptune is Farthest planet from the Sun. As per the new definition of Planets determined by International Astronomical Union (IAU), Pluto has been omitted from the list of planets in 2006. Pluto is considered as a dwarf planet (size between planets and asteroids) now and it is a member of the Kuiper Belt. +Kuiper Belt is a spherical boundary outside the orbit of Neptune containing a number of asteroids, rocks, and comets. +*Halley comet is famous which appeared last time in 1986 and which reappears after every 76 years 42*Mars has two moons named Phobos and Deimos +*Mars is known as the Red Planet because iron minerals in the Martian soil oxidize, or rust, causing the soil and atmosphere to look red *Mars is a cold desert world. It is half the size of Earth. Mars is sometimes called the Red Planet. It's red because of rusty iron in the ground. +Fifth in line from the Sun, Jupiter is, by far, the largest planet in the solar system . +Jupiter’s iconic Great Red Spot is a giant storm bigger than Earth that has raged for hundreds of years +All four giant planets in our solar system have ring systems. Jupiter has more than 75 moons. Jupiter's atmosphere is made up mostly of hydrogen (H2) and helium (He). 33+*Ptolemy( U+s4:) was a mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, geographer, and music theorist, who wrote about a dozen scientific treatises, three of which were of importance to later Byzantine, Islamic, and Western European science. «Euclid, sometimes called Euclid, often referred to as the "founder of geometry" or the "father of geometry’. He was active in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy. *Galen of Pergamon,(»sis) was a Greek physician, surgeon and philosopher in the Roman Empire. +Hippocrates( +! ) was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles, who is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine. 47called Earth’s twin because it’s similar in size and density. *Venus is the hottest planet in our solar system, even though Mercury is closer to the Sun. +Venus is often called "Earth’s twin" because they’re similar in size and structure, but Venus has extreme surface heat and a dense, toxic atmosphere. «Long days , Short years Venus rotates very slowly on its axis - one day on Venus lasts 243 Earth days. The planet orbits the Sun faster than Earth, however, so one year on Venus takes only about 225 Earth days, +Backward sunrise Venus rotates backward on its axis compared to most planets in our solar system. This means the Sun 30+Aristotle was one of the greatest philosophers who ever lived and the first genuine scientist in history. He made pioneering contributions to all fields of philosophy and science, he invented the field of formal logic, and he identified the various scientific disciplines and explored their relationships to each other. +Aristotle founded his own school, the Lyceum, in Athens, where he spent most of the rest of his life studying, teaching and writing. Some of his most notable works include Nicomachean Ethics, Politics, Metaphysics, Poetics and Prior Analytics «Aristotle taught Alexander and his friends about medicine, philosophy, morals, religion, logic, and art. *Democritus was an Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher primarily remembered today for his formulation of an atomic theory of the universe. 45-Antonie Philips van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch businessman and scientist in the Golden Age of Dutch science and technology. A largely self-taught man in science, he is commonly known as "the Father of Microbiology", and one of the first microscopists and microbiologists. *John Dalton was an English chemist, physicist and meteorologist. He is best known for introducing the atomic theory into chemistry, and for his research into color blindness, sometimes referred to as Daltonism in his honor. «Charles Darwin published his famous book ”On the origin of Species by means of Natural Selection". + Albert Einstein was a German-born theoretical physicist, widely acknowledged to be one of the 55+Ibn SINA wrote k ‘Al 'Qanun fil 'Tibb’. known as Canon in Latin. *Galileo was a natural philosopher, astronomer, and mathematician who made fundamental contributions to the sciences of motion, astronomy, and strength of materials and to the development of the scientific method. He also made revolutionary telescopic discoveries, including the four largest moons of Jupiter. *Descartes has been heralded as the first modern philosopher. He is famous for having made an important connection between geometry and algebra, which allowed for the solving of geometrical problems by way of algebraic equations *René Descartes was a French mathematician, philosopher, and scientist. He developed rules for deductive reasoning, or rational, scientific thinking; developed a system for using letters as mathematical 82greatest physicists of all time. Einstein is best known for developing the theory of relativity, but he also made important contributions to the development of the theory of quantum mechanics +Albert Einstein is justly famous for devising his theory of relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of space, time, gravity, and the universe «Stephen Hawking worked on the physics of black holes. He proposed that black holes would emit subatomic particles until they eventually exploded. He also wrote best-selling books, the most famous of which was A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black Hole. +Hawking lived with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or Lou Gehrig's Disease that impactsasteroids smash into each other, they produce crumbly debris—meteoroids. The astronomical unit is a unit of length, roughly the distance from Earth to the Sun and equal to about 150 million kilometers or ~8 light minutes. +A light-year is the distance light travels in one Earth year. One light-year is about 6 trillion miles 9 trillion km). Space Agencies +Space agency of USA: NASA «China: CNSA *SUPARCO: The Space & Upper Atmosphere Research Commission is the executive and national space agency of Pakistan. 39