OVERVIEW –

ECONOMIC
REGENERATION IN
EINDHOVEN
THROUGH BURGESS
MODEL

JUNE 13 Logo
Name
International School Eindhoven
Authored by: Aarush Inamdar

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Introduction
Research Question: "How does the technique of using land use affect economic
regeneration in Eindhoven's urban areas such as: Centrum, Strijp-S and Dommel?”

Justification:
Eindhoven is a modern city that has seen rapid economic expansion. Eindhoven was
once known as an industrial city, but it has since evolved into a city known for its
technology and innovation (Robarts, Stu). This tendency has been propelled by focused
economic regeneration operations aimed at revitalizing metropolitan districts,
promoting economic development, and improving the quality of life for residents (Kim,
Taebyung). Economic regeneration refers to revival and redevelopment initiatives
aimed at improving an area's economic status (Forest Research). The essential notion of
"Time, Place, and Space" is relevant here because it allows for an examination of how
economic regeneration initiatives have affected the spatial distribution and functional
allocation of land inside the city through time. The Burgess model will be utilized for this
research to determine how developed the regions of Eindhoven is, since this will provide
insight into how the centric zones will affect the regeneration (transportgeography). It
has been believed that Centrum will be the most economically recovered district of the
three, compared to Strijp-S and Dommel (Anne-Frankplatsoen), because Centrum is one
of the most frequented sections of the three, and Centrum was attacked because to
Phillip outlets during WWII, which transformed Centrum (Liberationroute).

Figure 2: Strijp-S Location

Figure 3: Centrum Location

Figure 4: Burgess CBD Model with Centric Zones

Figure 1: Dommel Location

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Methodology
Step 1: Initial Primary Research on Scribble Maps
• Conduct site visits and field observations in the subject region (e.g., Centrum)
focusing on areas undergoing economic redevelopment.
• Document key features of land use through annotated pictures, highlighting
important land uses for regeneration.
• Note down the locations and connections between different land use groups on
a scribbling map.
Step 2: Primary Research on Environmental Indices
• Conduct additional primary research to investigate environmental indices or
scoring systems used for assessing the environmental performance of
regenerated regions.
• Utilize the index to compare and evaluate the environmental quality of various
regenerated regions, considering land use characteristics and sustainability
qualities.
Step 3: Secondary Research on Photo Analysis
• Conduct secondary research to visually evaluate the economically regenerated
area.
• Analyze the collected photographs to assess the visual characteristics of the
development of infrastructure and residential areas.
Step 4: Data Analysis and Interpretation
• Process the collected data from the initial primary research, including annotated
pictures and scribbling map.

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 Data: Large Brownfield –
Primary Research: Digital Annotations of My Maps making it less
developed.
Busiest Street on Strijp-
S with restaurants and Fig 4. Annotated Strijp-S with all the Function Key
clothes

Trees – as they add

aesthetics to the place.

Green – Residential
Property, people
reside here.

Orange – Consumer
food service,
restaurants, cafes,
and bars.

Purple – Chain Store

Retail, foods, clothes,
and convenience
shops Main Road – Busiest
Red – Consumer
Part of Strijp-S
Service nonfoods, hair
Contains new salon and banks
Cycle Path – Connects
infrastructure
Centrum to Strijp – S Brown – Independent Commercial Street –
and developed
for mobility. Retail low order, Increases
Buildings.
medium order foods employment and
and clothes decreases job losses.

In Figure 4, the function key illustrates the commercial and residential areas of Strijp-S.
The region has experienced economic expansion with the establishment of restaurants,
cafés, and bars, attracting tourists and contributing to its economic growth. These
businesses, along with antique shops, enhance the business climate and create
employment opportunities. However, the presence of a brownfield in Strijp-S poses a
challenge to economic regeneration, as the required cleanup may have a negative
economic impact (Refer to Appendix).

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Fig 5. Annotated Centrum with all the Commercial Street – Less Increase of Shops –
Function Key unemployment in Centrum, Helps with the
making it economically economic growth of
strong. Centrum.
Yellow – Chain Store
low order, shops such
as Bershka.

Blue – Consumer food

service, restaurants,
cafes, and bars like
KFC.

Walking Path – Busiest

pathway in Eindhoven

Commercial area –
Restaurants, clothing
shops and cafes

Developed New infrastructure – Wide Walking Paths –

infrastructure, with making it more more spatial pathways
sturdy buildings. economically for influx of visitors
regenerated.

Pedestrian Friendly
infrastructure – helping
pedestrian to engage
with shops.

In Figure 5, the function key highlights the commercial areas of Centrum. This city center
of Eindhoven boasts numerous restaurants, cafes, clothing shops, and pubs. The
proliferation of commercial establishments in this area creates job opportunities.
However, the high foot traffic in the city center can hinder easy mobility and accessibility
to other shops due to the large number of people present (Refer to Appendix).

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 Less Shopping areas – Fig 6. Annotated Dommel with all the Function Key
creates\ this place much
more residential.

Black – Recreational
land use, where
individuals can walk.

Blue – Consumer
Service food, includes
restaurants and cafes.

Light Green –
Residential Property in
Dommel, where people
reside.

Dark Green – Public

Less Commercial River used as a
services, includes
Property and increase recreational tool for the
doctors and churches.
of residential property residents.

Old infrastructure – No New roads using

new development plan Asphalt and Concrete
in these areas for better mobility.

In Figure 6, the function key reveals a higher concentration of residential areas and fewer
business regions in Dommel. This part of the city is primarily characterized by residential
streets and recreational land use. The imbalance between residential and commercial
spaces negatively impacts the city's economic regeneration. With a larger number of
homes and fewer businesses, employment opportunities in terms of restaurants, cafés,
and stores are limited, further affecting the local economy (Refer to Appendix).

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Primary Research: Environmental Quality Index

Fig. 7 Environmental Quality Index for Strijp – S

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Fig. 8 Environmental Quality Index for Centrum

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Fig. 9 Environmental Quality Index for Dommel River

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 Secondary Research: Photo Analysis
Advanced
infrastructure – New
buildings

Paved Road – No cracks

or inconsistencies

Recreational Path –
Environmentally
friendly and good for
mobility

Wide Pathways – For

much better
transportation and
accessibility to road

Fig. 10 Infrastructure, Recreation and Pathways (Google Maps)

Shops and Restaurants

– for better economic
regeneration

Modern Building – New

infrastructure being
developed.

Smooth Pathways –
Comfortable
transportation
Fig. 11 Infrastructure and Pathways (Google Maps)
Green Spaces – For
aesthetic purpose

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 Developed Infrastructure –
New buildings around the
centrum.

Glass Buildings – Developed

Infrastructure

Commercial Street – Chain

Store Retail – Low Order

Wide Walking Path – Easy

mobility and accessibility
Fig. 12 Infrastructure and Pathways (Google
Maps)

More Developed
Infrastructure – New
building and different
materials

Commercial Street –
Consumer Service
Food – Restaurants
and Cafes

Commercial Street –
Independent Retail –
Low Order – Clothing
Shops

Wide Pathways – For Fig. 13 Infrastructure, Restaurant and

better mobility Pathways (Google Maps)

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 Old infrastructure – Old
houses and materials

Inconsistencies in Roads –
old roadways

Single pathway – Small

Road

No Commercial Streets –
Less Retail stores
Fig. 14 Infrastructure, Pathways and
Residential (Google Maps)

Recreational land
use – Van Abbe
Museum

Wide Cycle
Pathway – For
better spatial
mobility

Fig. 15 Infrastructure, Pathways and Green

Main Road – Not a busy Space (Google Maps)
road
Few Newly constructed
buildings.

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Primary Research: Radar Chart from the Environmental Index

Fig. 16 Radar Chart for Environmental Quality Index in all Three

Areas

ANALYSIS
Eindhoven Centrum, mentioned as an abundant and highly commercialized
neighborhood, can be related to the central zone or the Central Business District (CBD)
in the Burgess model. The diverse array of commercial establishments, including shops,
restaurants, antique stores, and cafés, positions Centrum as the economic hub of
Eindhoven. This resonates with the concept of the CBD in the Burgess model, which
typically concentrates economic activities and commercial enterprises.

This same trend can be seen in the Radar Chart depicted in Fig. 16, as the Radar Chart
aligns with the Burgess model by providing a visual representation of the economic
regeneration in Centrum, reinforcing its classification as the central zone. The Radar
chart showcases Centrum as the economically regenerated area, characterized by a
greater concentration of buildings and abundant traffic noise, reflect the economic
vitality of the commercial streets and restaurants in the district.

Applying Burgess model reveals that Strijp-S, Centrum and Dommel are occupies in the
distinguished zones of A and B, where A represents CBD and B represents Zone of
Transition. In Eindhoven, Centrum is within CBD (Zone A) and Strijp-S and Dommel are
withing the Zone of Transition, Fig. 4, as this is categorized by the land use patterns
observed in this area through Burgess Model. Centrum being within the CBD implies that
it is the central core of economic activity and commercialization in the city.

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On the other hand, Strijp-S and Dommel being within the Zone of Transition suggests
that they are in the immediate vicinity of the CBD but exhibit different characteristics
and land use patterns (transportgeography). The Zone of Transition (Zone B) is typically
marked by older buildings, mixed land uses, and industrial activities, and the Zone of
Transition is not as economically regenerated to the CBD, as there are no high building
or abundance of commercial streets.

Although, Centrum is more economically regenerated due to its commercial streets,

however Centrum has limited availability of space for major regeneration projects. Due
to the high density of buildings and commercial activities, there is little room for
significant developments. As the government can only construct better roads and
pavements, which can be seen in Fig. 17. Due to this there can be hinderance to the
economic regeneration of Centrum in terms of developing the infrastructure.

Fig. 17 Road Fixtures and development

(Google Maps)

CONCLUSION
The strategic management of land use in Eindhoven can be understood within the
framework of the Burgess model, which provides insights into the relationship between
land use and economic regeneration. The Burgess model suggests that cities are
organized in concentric zones. In Eindhoven, Centrum emerges as the most economically
regenerated area, which aligns with the central zone or the Central Business District
(CBD) in the Burgess model. Centrum is described as an abundant and highly
commercialized neighborhood with a diverse array of commercial establishments such
as shops, restaurants, antique stores, and cafés. Areas characterized by a higher
concentration of commercial streets exhibit stronger economic regeneration, while
those dominated by residential land use may face challenges in achieving optimal
economic growth. The data collected and the hypothesis proposed in the paragraph
support the Burgess model's concepts and the relationship between land use and
economic regeneration. The findings demonstrate that the strategic management of
land use in Eindhoven, particularly in Centrum.

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EVALUATION
The methodology created for this task supported the research question. Primary
research, which includes site visits and field observations, enables firsthand data
gathering and documenting of essential land use elements that are critical for
regeneration. Introducing environmental indicators and scoring systems into primary
research improves evaluation by allowing for the assessment of regenerated regions.
Finally, secondary study using visual analysis of gathered pictures efficiently analyses the
visual aspects of infrastructure and residential development in the economically
revitalized area.

Although the Burgess model offers valuable insights into urban spatial organization, its
application to Eindhoven does not meet the criteria. Eindhoven city being new and
include a unique landscape, mostly characterized by modern development and
economic regeneration (Dimitra, Babalis), suggests that the Burgess model doesn’t
capture the concentric circles or zones.

An advancement that could enhance this experiment is to apply the Burgess model to
larger and older cities. Older cities often exhibit a gradual spread of residential areas
from the center, aligning with the concentric ring-like pattern proposed by the Burgess
model (transportgeography). By studying larger and older cities, we can gain valuable
insights into how the model applies to a broader range of urban contexts and better
understand the spatial organization.

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APPENDICES

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WORK CITED (MLA 9)
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9.

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