SAMKALP IAS

GENERAL STUDIES

(GEOGRAPHY TEST - I)
Answer keys With Explanations
CODE-04/3112 DATE-31-12-2023

GEOGRAPHY Answer Key

1. (c) 2. (d) ­3. (b) 4. (a) 5. (c) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (d)

11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (d) 16. (c) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (d)

21. (b) 22. (b) 23. (d) 24. (a) 25. (d) 26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (b) 29. (a) 30. (d)

31. (a) 32. (b) 33. (a) 34. (d) 35. (c) 36. (b) 37. (c) 38. (b) 39. (a) 40. (b)

41. (b) 42. (a) 43. (d) 44. (c) 45. (b) 46. (c) 47. (c) 48. (c) 49. (a) 50. (b)

51. (a) 52. (d) 53. (b) 54. (b) 55. (c) 56. (b) 57. (a) 58. (d) 59. (c) 60. (b)

61. (a) 62. (d) 63. (d) 64. (a) 65. (c) 66. (c) 67. (a) 68. (c) 69. (b) 70. (c)

71. (b) 72. (c) 73. (c) 74. (b) 75. (c) 76. (b) 77. (b) 78. (c) 79. (c) 80. (b)

81. (d) 82. (c) 83. (c) 84. (c) 85. (d) 86. (c) 87. (c) 88. (b) 89. (b) 90. (b)

91. (d) 92. (b) 93. (c) 94. (a) 95. (d) 96. (d) 97. (c) 98. (d) 99. (c) 100. (b)
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GEOGRAPHY Test-1
Explanation
1. Ans. (c) 7. Ans. (b)
The vast store of air that surrounds the Earth Solar radiation reaches the Earth in the form of
like a blanket is called the atmosphere. This short waves (not long waves). Hence statement
atmosphere is a storehouse of water vapor, 2 is false, while statement 1 is true. Hence the
which causes rainfall on the ground. Hence required answer will be b.
statement 1 is true. The atmosphere acts as a
glass house, which allows short-wave solar 8. Ans. (a)
radiation to reach the Earth's surface and Statement 1 is true while statement 2 is false.
prevents the outgoing long waves radiation The continental shelf is generally formed due
from the Earth and thus maintains an average to the submergence of the coastal parts of the
temperature of 35°. Hence statement 2 is true. continent due to an increase in sea height or
due to underwater ocean deposits.
2. Ans. (d)
9. Ans. (c)
All the statements given in the question are
true regarding the organization of air whereas Both the above statements are true. Hence the
a false statement is asked in the question, so d required answer will be c.
will be the desired answer. 10. Ans. (d)
3. Ans. (b) Lowland plains are found more in areas where
land-borne sediments are supplied in large
The atmosphere is a mixture of many gases, quantities. statement 1 is false. Seamounts and
in which water vapor is also present. This guyots are found more in the Pacific Ocean.
water vapor is the most variable and unevenly Hence statement 2 is also false. Hence the
distributed gas. Hence statement 1 is true. The required answer will be d.
amount of water vapor decreases (not increases)
as we go on the height from the surface level. 11. Ans. (a)
Hence statement 2 is false. In the question false
The Tropic of Cancer is located at an angular
statement is asked, so the desired answer will distance of 231⁄2o north from the equator in the
be b. northern hemi- sphere.
4. Ans. (a) QQ Tropic of Cancer passes through Asia,
Africa and Central America.
The amount of dust particles is higher in QQ Tropic of Cancer passes through the
subtropical and temperate regions as compared following water areas- Indian Ocean,
to polar and equatorial regions. Hence Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Taiwan
statement 2 is false, while statement 1 is true. Strait, Red Sea and the Gulf of Mexico.
Hence state- ment 1 is true.
5. Ans. (c) QQ The Tropic of Cancer passes through the
With increasing altitude Temperature in the Nasser Lake in Egypt and the Mahi River
troposphere decreases (rather than increases). cuts it twice in India.
Hence statement 2 is false, while the other two
statements 1 and 3 given in question are true. 12. Ans. (a)
Hence the required answer will be c. The correct matching is as follows-
(Volcano) (Country)
6. Ans. (c)
1. Mount Pinatubo - Philippines
Radio waves transmitted from the Earth are
reflected from the Thermosphere (not the 2. Mount Kelimutu - Indonesia
Mesosphere) and return to the Earth again. 3. Lassen Peak - USA
Hence statement 2 is false, while the other two
statements 1 and 3 given in question are true. 4. Kinabalu - Malaysia
Hence the required answer will be c. Hence option (A) is true.
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13. Ans. (b)
The Lawrentian climate zone is found on
the eastern sides of the continents, mainly in
the northern hemisphere between 45° to 65'
latitudes. Hence statement 1 is true.
QQ Rainfall in this region generally continues
throughout the year, but in the summer,
there is more rainfall than in the winter,
which is in the form of 'convective rain'
and in winter the rain is 'cyclonic'. Hence
statement 2 is not true.
Angled forests are found in the wet parts
QQ
of this region and 'prairie' grasslands are
found in the interior and less humid parts.
Pine, spruce, hemlock etc. are prominent
among the trees here. Hence statement 3
is true.
14. Ans. (a)
The Mistral wind originates over the Alps
Mountains. It runs through the Rhine river
valley in France towards the Mediterranean
Sea. It operates mainly in the Rhone Delta and
the Gulf of Lions. Hence statement 1 is true.
QQ It is a very cold, dry and fast- moving local
wind. Due to this, the temperature drops
below the freezing point. Hence statement
2 is false.
15. Ans. (d)
The correct matching is as follows-
Dam Location
QQ Inga Dam - on the Zaire River
(Congo)
QQ Kanji Dam - Niger River
QQ Sennar Dam - Blue Nile River
(Sudan)
16. Ans. (c)
The temperate grassland of North America is
called Prairie. These are flat, gently sloping or
hilly areas, where trees are less and the grass is
more. It is a vast area of grass.
QQ The prairie grasslands are surrounded by
the Rocky Mountains to the west and the
Great Lakes to the east. Its expansion is
spread to some parts of the United States
and Canada. Hence statement 1 is true.
QQ The grasslands of the prairie are home to
Native Americans known as 'Red Indians'.
Those people were the real inhabitants of
this continent. Hence statement 2 is true.
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17. Ans. (a)
The temperate grasslands of South Africa are
called velds. The Welds are the Urmil Plateau
with varying altitudes from 600 m to 1100 m.
To its west lies the Kalahari Desert. Hence
statement 1 is false.
QQ This region is irrigated by tributaries of
the Orange and Limpopo rivers. Hence
statement 2 is true.
QQ It is famous for weld, animal husbandry
and mining. Hence statement 3 is true.
18. Ans. (d)
Both the statements are false. Primary waves
can pass through all three mediums and are
longitudinal waves whereas S Waves are
secondary waves and can pass only through
solid medium.
19. Ans. (d)
All these factors affect the temperature of a
place.
20. Ans. (d)
Asthenosphere is a semi-liquid layer present
in the upper part of the mantle. Silica and
magnesium metals predominate in the mantle.
Hence both statements are false.
21. Ans. (b)
Statement 1 is false. Both igneous and
sedimentary rocks are found in the earth's
crust. Statement 2 is true.
22. Ans. (b)
The entire earth is divided into twenty- four
time zones of approximately equal distance.
23. Ans. (d)
Both the statements are false. Of the total
volume of the earth, only 0.5 per- cent is crust
and 83 percent is mental.
24. Ans. (a)
In igneous rocks, when the amount of silica is
high, they are acidic and when it is less, they
are alkaline. Sedimentary rocks constitute only
5 percent, whereas they are spread over three-
fourths of the lithosphere.
25. Ans. (d)
Apart from stars, planets and satellites, many
smaller bodies also revolve around the Sun.
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These bodies are called asteroids. They are
found between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
26. Ans. (a)
Saturn has 145 natural satellites or moons, the
most among all the planets in the Solar System.
27. Ans. (a)
The largest intrusive igneous rocks are called
batholith.
28. Ans. (b)
The Bering Sea is located west of Alaska.
29. Ans. (a)
The world's largest coral reef is found near
Queensland, Australia. It is famous by the
name of 'Great Barrier Reef'.
30. Ans. (d)
The shape of the Pacific Ocean is almost
triangular. Whose top is at the mouth of Bering
in the north. Hence statement 1 is false. The
shape of the Atlantic Ocean resembles the
letter English 'S'. Hence statement 2 is also
false. Hence the required answer will be d.
34. Ans. (d)
Europe and Asia appear as a single landmass,
separated from each other by the Ural
Mountains, the Ural River, and the Caucasus.
But in practice, Asia and Europe are known
as two different continents. But jointly called
Eurasia (Europe + Asia). Hence option (d) is
true.
35. Ans. (c)
Block mountains are such mountains whose
central part is inclined downwards and the
parts on both the sides are raised up. The
central part is known as the Rift Valley. Black
For- est (Germany), Salt Range (Pakistan),
Vindhya and Satpura (India) are examples of
block mountains.
36. Ans. (b)
Yemen's Houthi rebels are targeting commercial
ships in the Red Sea.
37. Ans. (c)
There are two main processes of heating of
ocean water -
(i) Absorption of solar radiation

31. Ans. (a) (ii) From the Earth's interior, Energy relations
between the ocean floor.
Greece, Romania and Albania, the countries
of the former Yugoslavia located along the 38. Ans. (b)
Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, are
Statement 1 is false. The temperature of surface
called 'Balkan states', while Lithuania, Latvia water in the oceans is not the same everywhere.
and Estonia are included under 'Baltic states'. There is variation in temperature from one part
Hence option (a) is true. to another. Statements 2 and 3 are true. Hence
the required answer will be b.
32. Ans. (b)
Moldova and the Armeania border do not share 39. Ans. (a)
with the Black Sea. Both these countries are Statement 2 is false. The rate of de- crease of
landlocked countries whereas in the other temperature at the equator and the poles is not
given options, all border with the Black Sea. the same. Rising of low level water, sinking of
dense surface water, Regionally high insolation
33. Ans. (a)
and submerged barriers create variations in
The correct matching is as follows- subsurface water. Statement1 true. Hence the
(Transferential (Area) required answer will be a.
Agriculture) 40. Ans. (b)
1. Conoco - Venezuela Statement 1 is false. The amount of salinity
2. Taungya - Myanmar varies from one part of the ocean to another.
To some extent these differences are due
3. Tamrai - Thailand
to the water in the rivers, the freezing and
Hence option (A) is correct. melting of snow, and atmospheric pressure, it
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is also controlled by the direction of wind and - Java, Bali, Lombok, and Sumba. Hence
circulation of seawater. Statement 2 is true. option (c) is true.
Hence the required answer will be b.
49. Ans. (a)
41. Ans. (b) The correct matching is as follows-
There is very little or no movement of materials (Country) (Mining)
in weathering. This is an in situ process. Hence
statement 2 is false. 1. USA - Green Creek
QQ There are three main types of weathering 2. Bolivia - Potosi
processes - 1. Chemical 2. Physical 3. 3. Australia - Mount Isa
Biological
50. Ans. (b)
42. Ans. (a)
Statement 1 is false. Marble and graphite are
All the above mentioned characteristics are formed by the transformation of sedimentary
related to ocean waves. Hence the required rocks. Statement 2 is true.
answer will be a.
51. Ans. (a)
43. Ans. (d)
Rock is transformed into slate, sand- stone into
All statements are false. Sedimentary rocks are quartzite and limestone into marble. Hence the
approximately 80 Percent as shells. Shell is required answer will be a.
not a chemical rock and sedimentary rocks are
found only in horizontal layers. 52. Ans. (d)
The process of bending the layers of rocks by
44. Ans. (c)
compression force is called folding, whereas
Both the statements given in the the cracks in the layers of rocks due to forces
applied in two opposite directions parallel to
45. Ans. (b) the surface are called faulting. Folding works
Mineral oil is formed due to the presence of in one direction, while faulting is a pro- cess
a permeable sedimentary rock between two working in two opposite directions. All the
impermeable sedimentary rocks. For example, statements given in the question regarding
if a sandstone rock is present between two shell folding and faulting are true.
rocks, then the mineral oil well will be formed.
53. Ans. (b)
Hence statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true.
The eruption of basaltic lava on continents
46. Ans. (c) forms plateaus and not mountains. Hence
statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true.
The Caspian Sea shares borders with countries
like Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Iran, 54. Ans. (b)
Azerbaijan, Russia, etc. Hence option (c) is true.
The Chinook wind is a hot and dry wind that
47. Ans. (c) blows along mountain slopes in the United
States. This wind blows across the eastern
The correct matching is as follows- slope of the Rocky Mountains from Colorado
(Plateau) (Located) north to British Columbia, Canada.
1. Meseta Plateau Iberian Peninsula 55. Ans. (c)
(Spain) Australia lies outside the "Ring of Fire" region
2. Chiapas Plateau Southern Mexico of the Pacific Ocean, known as the subduction
zone of volcanoes. That is why there is no
3. Great Basin Plateau United States active volcano here.
48. Ans. (c) QQ The Ring of Fire is a region located in the
Pacific Ocean, where most of the active
All these are the islands of Indonesia country, volcanoes and frequent earthquakes occur.
whose sequence from west to east is as follows About 75% of the world's volcanoes
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(more than 450 volcanoes) are located
here. Also, about 90% of the world's
earthquakes occur in this region.
56. Ans. (b)
Metamorphic rocks are formed by the
transformation of pre-existing rocks through
the action of heat, pressure, or fluids. Examples
of metamorphic rocks include marble, slate,
and gneiss.
57. Ans. (a)
The waters of Kuroshio flow into the Pacific
Ocean. This stream flows north Philippines,
along the coasts of Taiwan and Japan. Hence
the required answer will be a.
58. Ans. (d)
Statement 1 and 2 both are false. Cur- rents
flowing from low latitude tropical zones to
high latitude temperate and subpolar zones
are called warm water currents. Similarly, the
currents flowing from high latitudes to low
latitudes are called cold water currents. Hence
the required answer will be d.
59. Ans. (c)
Statement 1 and 2 both are true. Hence the
required answer will be c.
60. Ans. (b)
The above characteristics are true in the context
of Brazil section. This water stream flows into
the Atlantic Ocean. Hence the required answer
will be b.
61. Ans. (a)
Lake Titicaca in Bolivia, Crater Lake in the
USA, Lake Avran in Italy, Lonar Lake in India
are examples of crater lakes. Hence option (a)
is true.
QQ Lake Tanganyika, Rift Lake and Lake
Geneva in Switzerland are examples of
seismic lakes.
62. Ans. (d)
Countries in the South-East Asia region are
included under poor countries, but Malaysia,
Indonesia, Thai- land and Singapore are known
as Asian Tigers because of their very fast-
growing nature of the economy. Hence option
(d) is true.
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63. Ans. (d)
The land of the Norwegian coast gives the
example of the fjord coast. The 'Sogne' fiord
located here is the largest in the world. Hence
statement 2 is true. Countries like Norway,
Sweden, Iceland and Denmark are also known
as Scandinavia. Hence statement 1 is true.
64. Ans. (a)
The decreasing order (according to the area) of
the above-mentioned lakes is as follows-
(Area) (Sq.km)
1. Caspian Sea : 3,71,000
2. Aral Sea : 30,700
3. Walkash Lake : 18,200
4. Tonle Lake : 10,400
65. Ans. (c)
The above mentioned features are related to
ocean tides. Tides are a complex phenomenon
and there are differences in them from one
place to another due to these reasons. Hence
the required answer will be c.
66. Ans. (c)
Statement 1 and 2 both are true. Hence the
required answer will be c.
67. Ans. (a)
The moon itself affects the tides the most. The
tide-producing force of the Moon is twice that
of the Sun. There- fore a is explaining the
correct meaning. Hence the required answer
will be a.
68. Ans. (c)
The length of the day varies according to season
and latitude, which deter- mines the amount of
heat absorbed by the surface. Mainly the angle
of inclination of the rays (incidence angle) and
the length of the day. Both together control the
distribution of insolation on the earth's surface.
Hence the required answer will be c.
69. Ans. (b)
The Himalayas, The Alps, the Rockies
and the Andes are examples of new folded
mountains, while the Urals are ancient
folded mountains. Hence statement 1 is false.
Statement 2 is true.
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70. Ans. (c)
Russia's Luna 25 mission, which was launched
on August 10, 2023 on a Soyuz rocket, however,
failed to make a soft landing.
QQ Luna 25's lift.off mass of 1,750 kg is much
lighter than Chandrayaan.3's 3,900 kg,
which is important for faster travel.
71. Ans. (b)
Recently the Ministry of Education has
released the Status of Elementary Education in
Rural India – 2023 report.
QQ The first ‘State of Elementary Education
in Rural India’ report is based on data
accumulated from 6,229 rural households
across 20 states. The study was focused on
children in rural communities between the
age of 6 to 16 years.
72. Ans. (c)
On 16 August 2023, the Cabinet Committee on
Economic Affairs chaired by the Prime Minister
of India approved the PM Vishwakarma
scheme.
QQ It is a Central Sector Scheme with a starting
financial outlay of Rs.13,000 crore. Time
period: Five years (FY 2023.24 to FY
2027.28).
QQ It's Aim To strengthen and nurture the
Guru-Shishya parampara or family-based
practice of traditional skills by artisans
and craftspeople working with their hands
and tools.
73. Ans. (c)
The Central Water Commission of India has
introduced the ‘Flood-watch’ app, designed to
forecast floods one day in advance and provide
a seven-day advisory for flood risk at various
measurement stations across the country. This
app will provide state-wise/basin-wise flood
forecast.
74. Ans. (b)
The President launched the Navy's Project
17A frigate 'Vindhyagiri' at Garden Reach
Shipbuilders and Engineers Limited, Kolkata
on 17 August.
QQ Named after the mountain range in
Karnataka.
75. Ans. (c)
Recently, a Tapas unmanned aerial vehicle
(UAV) of the Defence Research and
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Development Organisation (DRDO) crashed in
agriculture fields near a village in Karnataka's
Chitradurga.
QQ The Tactical Airborne Platform for
Aerial Surveillance. Beyond Horizon.201
or Tapas BH.201 is a long-endurance
unmanned aerial vehicle. It was previously
used to be referred as Rustom-II.
76. Ans. (b)
It was launched in 2020.
The Central Government's innovative
employment incentive scheme, the
Aatmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY),
has exceeded its initial employment generation
goals, showcasing its success in fostering job
creation and recovery during the COVID.19
pandemic.
QQ This was designed to stimulate the
creation of new job opportunities by
extending financial support to employers
of establishments registered with the
Employees' Provident Fund Organization
(EPFO).
77. Ans. (b)
The Indian Renewable Energy Development
Agency (IREDA) recently signed a
performance. focused memorandum of
understanding (MoU) with the Ministry of
New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
QQ It is a Mini Ratna (Category–I) non.
banking financial institution under the
administrative control of the Ministry of
New and Renewable Energy (MNRE).
78. Ans. (c)
Recently, the Technology Development Board
under Department of Science and Technology
(TDB.DST) collaborated with M/s Chemlife
Innovations Pvt Ltd. for innovation in the Bio-
Trace Minerals Project.
QQ The project aims to revolutionize the
manufacturing of Bio-Trace minerals
for animal feed particularly targeting the
livestock and poultry/dairy sectors. These
minerals are essential for animals’ health.
79. Ans. (c)
The bridge ‘Maitri Setu’ has been built over
the Feni river which flows between the Indian
boundary in Tripura State and Bangladesh.
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All the statements given regarding Feni River
are true.
80. Ans. (b)
Last week, the bloc of nations known as the
BRICS took the historic step of inviting six
new countries for membership. The grouping
of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa
will be joined by Saudi Arabia, Iran, Ethiopia,
the United Arab Emirates, Argentina and Egypt
as part of an expanded collective.
81. Ans. (d)
The 26th Western Zonal Council meeting held
at Gandhinagar, Gujarat.It was headed by the
home minister Amit Shah.
82. Ans. (c)
C.DOT was established in 1984 as an
autonomous Telecom R&D centre of DoT,
Government of India.
QQ It is a registered society under the Societies
Registration Act, 1860.
QQ It is a registered ‘public funded research
institution’ with the Department of
Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR),
Ministry of Science & Technology.
83. Ans. (c)
Soldiers in Gabon had seized power and
appointed the republican guard chief as head
of state.
QQ Gabon is a country adjacent to the Atlantic
Ocean. The equator passes through it.
About 90% of the country is covered by
forests. The Ogooué river is the largest
watercourse in Gabon.
84. Ans. (c)
All pairs are correctly matched.
85. Ans. (d)
India has got its first ever AI school in Kerala.
This pioneering development was launched by
Santhigiri Vidhyabhavan in Kerala's capital
city, Thiruvananthapuram.
86. Ans. (c)
On the occasion of International Day for
Conservation of Mangrove Ecosystem, West
Bengal has announced the establishment of
Mangrove Cell.
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87. Ans. (c)
Strong Women Icon Award 2023 given by
British Parliament to Indian woman 'Myra
Grover' ,awarded for the work done by him for
mental welfare.
88. Ans. (b)
In the 7th Asian Hockey Championship.2023
held in Chennai, India won the title for the
fourth time by defeating Malaysia 4.3 in the
final match.
89. Ans. (b)
Suswagatam, an online portal has been
launched by the Supreme Court to welcome
you to the Supreme Court premises.
90. Ans. (b)
The first branch of the North Atlantic Current
is called the Norwegian Cur- rent, the second
branch is called the Irminger Current and the
third branch joins the Greenland Current.
91. Ans. (d)
The Indian Ocean is semi-ocean, hence a
cycle of water currents is not formed in it. In
the northern Indian Ocean, there is no cold
current from the Arctic Ocean like the currents
of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Due to the
monsoon wind, the direction of the current
changes twice a year in the North Indian Ocean.
Hence, all the statements are true.
92. Ans. (b)
Corals are mainly found in the tropics because
they require a temperature of 20°C - 25°C to
survive. Hence, statement 1 is true.
Completely clean water and high salinity
QQ
are harmful for the growth of coral. Hence
statement 2 is also false.
93. Ans. (c)
Cocoa is a tropical horticultural crop that can
only grow about 20° north and south of the
equator. Cocoa cultivation requires uniform
temperatures, high humidity, abundant rainfall,
nitrogen-rich soil and protection from the wind.
QQ The main cocoa producing countries
are Ivory Coast, Ghana, Brazil, Mexico,
New Guinea, Venezuela, Philippines and
Malaysia.
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94. Ans. (a)
Deserts have developed near the Tropic of
Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn, because
anticyclonic conditions are found here, due
to which the subsidence of air here. That is
why, clouds are not formed and there is no
rain. Hence, both the statement and the reason
are correct and Reason also gives the correct
98. Ans. (d)
explanation of the statement.
95. Ans. (d)
When animal husbandry is also done along
with the production of crops, it is called mixed
farming. When more than one crop is grown
together in the same field, it is called mixed
99. Ans. (c)
cropping. Hence both statements are correct.
96. Ans. (d)
The water should not be very deep, there is a
meeting of two water cur- rents of different
temperatures and there should be plankton
present for the fishes. Hence, all the conditions
given in the question are suitable for fishing.
100. Ans. (b)
97. Ans. (c)
An isotherm is a line on a map that connects
points with an average temperature at a given
time or over a given period. The greater the
thermal disparity, he closer the isotherms
will be. There is more ocean expansion in the
southern hemisphere, due to which there is no
thermal inequality. This is the reason why the
distance between isotherms is greater in the
southern hemisphere. Hence, statement 1 is 1
true.
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The intensity of westerlies in the Southern
Hemisphere is more than that in the Northern
Hemisphere, this is due to the greater ocean
expanse in the Southern Hemisphere, since
there is no continental barrier, the intensity
of the westerlies winds is greater. Hence,
statement 2 is also true.
Stars are formed from huge clouds found
in space. These clouds are also often called
nebulae. A large amount of gas, dust particles,
hydrogen and helium gas are found inside
them. Stars are born from within these nebulae.
Cirrus clouds are high clouds or clouds formed
by tiny snowflakes at the highest altitudes,
which often look like dispersed silk.
QQ Cirrus clouds can form an annular shape,
a halo, around the Sun or Moon. Hence,
both statements are true.
Under normal circumstances, temperature
decreases with altitude. But in some
circumstances, the temperature increases
instead of decreasing with altitude. The
increase in temperature with altitude is called
temperature inversion.
QQ Cold heavy air, cloudless sky, dry wind,
cold night etc. are the most suitable
conditions for temperature inversion.
Hence only 2 and 3 are correct.
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