Activity 5: Language Teaching Approaches

Classroom
Language Teaching Proponent/s & Principles of the Approach Examples/scenarios/materials that Research findings that prove the
Approach Advocates used the Approach (Can be presented effectiveness / use of the language
in a narrative form/pictures etc.) teaching (2-3 studies)

1.Reading in the target language should be taught from -The teacher starts the lesson by pointing -Approaches and Principles in English as
the onset of instruction; however, reading skills will be at objects around the classroom and asking a Foreign Language (EFL) Education in
developed through practice with speaking. Language is students to repeat the names of these this study, the direct approach
-Maximilian Berlitz primarily speech objects. Later, the words are written on the encouraging learners to correct their
Direct Approach 2.Objects(e.g.realia or pictures) presented in the board, and sentences using combinations own language production. It helps
immediate classroom environment should be used to and variants of these words are practiced. teachers to develop awareness of the
help students understand meaning. vocabulary forms, and others.
3.The native language should be used in the classroom. Sample of words that can be used in a
4.The teacher should demonstrate, not explain or sentence. -Language Teaching Approaches in this
translate. It is desirable that students make a direct study, the Direct approach depicts in
association between the form and meaning of the teaching the language taught
target language. inductively where the teacher target
5. Students should learn to think in the target language using the language in the classroom.
as soon as possible. Vocabulary is acquired more
naturally if students use it in full sentences, rather than
memorizing word lists.
6.The purpose of language learning is communication;
therefore, students need to learn how to ask questions,
as well as answer them.
7.Pronunciation should be emphasized from the
beginning.
8.Self-correction facilitates language learning.
9.Lessons should contain some conversational activity
to provide the opportunity for students to use the
language in real contexts. Students should be
encouraged to speak as much as possible.
References:

Celce-Murcia, M. (ed.) (1991). Teaching English as a second or foreign language (2 nd ed.). Boston, Massachusetts: Heinle & Heinle Publishers.

ELT Methodology/Prof. Dr. Sabri Koç

Brown, H. D. (2001). Teaching by principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Pearson Education. Byram, M. S. & Hu, A. (Eds.). (2012).
Routledge encyclopedia of language teaching and learning. London, England: Routledge.