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DF DNS
WORKIN cOmmunatu
cliort Seover net wosk
DNS is a
protol.
cient Send equest tu the ses
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server respords to the
 pictured as an inverted hierarchical tree structure with
U DNS can be maximum of 128 levels. one root at
top and a
the domain name.
node
tree has a
Each node in the
as any subtree of the
domain name space.
J Adomain is defined
The name space information is distributed among DNS servers. Each server has
jurisdiction over its zone.
zone is theentire DNStree.
root server's
AAprimary server creates, maintains. and updates information. about its ZOne.

gets its information

from a primary server.
Asecondary server
space is divided into three sections: generic domains,
The domain name domain.
domains, and inverse country
organization type
OThere are 14 generic domains, each specitying an
country domain specifies a country.
Eachinverse
OThe domain finds a domain name for a given IP address Thi. is
called
address-to-name resolution.
organized:
D Name servers, computers that run the DNS Server program, are
hierarchy.
The DNS client, called a resolver. maps a name to an address or an address to a name
D In recursive resolution. the client sends its request to a server that eventuall
returns a response.
In iterative resolution, the client may send its request to multiple servers before
getting an anSwer.
UCaching is a method whereby an answer to a query is stored in memory (for a limited
time) for easy access to future requests.
Afully qualified domain name (FQDN) is a domain name consisting of labels begin
ning with the host and going back through each level to the root node.
JA partially qualified domain name (PQDN) is a domain name that does not include
all the levels between the host and the root node.
There are two types of DNS messages: queries and responses.
There are two types of DNS records: question records and resource records.
U Dynamic DNS (DDNS) automatically updates the DNS
DNS uses the services of UDP for messages of less than 512 bytes; otherwise. TC?
is used.