Rotating Equipment Lec 3

12‐Sep‐20
ROTATING EQUIPMENT
Ahmed Yehia
Process Engineer
Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer
1
12‐Sep‐20
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HW3Ab11w
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CONTENTS
Section 3
• Dynamic pumps
• Pump efficiency
• Centrifugal pump preparation, start up, normal
operation, and shutdown
• Positive displacement
• Rotary (types, parts, operation)
• Reciprocating (types, parts, operation)
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EXERCISE
EXERCISE
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‫ﻣﺿﺧﺎت اﻟﺿﻐط اﻟدﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﻰ‬

‫‪DYNAMIC PUMPS‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬
‫‪PUMP EFFICIENCY‬‬
‫• )‪ Power input (EHP‬ﯾﻌﺒﺮ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﮫ اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺗﻮر واﻟﺘﻲ ﺳﺘﺘﺤﻮل ﻟﺸﻐﻞ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ وﺗﻘﺎس ﺑـ‬
‫‪.kilowatt‬‬
‫• ‪ Power factor‬ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻞ اﻟﻘﺪره و ھﻮ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﮫ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻘﺪره اﻟﻔﻌﺎﻟﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﯿﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﮫ‪.‬‬
‫• ‪ Motor efficiency‬ﻛﻔﺎءة اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر ھﻲ ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻟﻠﻘﺪره اﻟﺪاﺧﻠﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﺪره اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﮫ أو ﻣﻘﯿﺎس ﻟﻘﺪرة‬
‫اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر ﻋﻠﻲ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﻄﺎﻗﮫ اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ اﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎه ﻟﻄﺎﻗﮫ ﻣﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﮫ‪.‬‬
‫• )‪ Brake horsepower (BHP‬ھﻲ اﻟﻘﺪره اﻟﻤﻌﻄﺎه ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر إﻟﻰ ‪ pump shaft‬وﺗﻘﺎس ﺑـ‬
‫‪.horsepower‬‬
‫• )‪ Hydraulic horsepower (WHP‬ھﻲ اﻟﻘﺪره اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﮫ ﻣﻦ ‪ pump‬أو ‪.liquid horsepower‬‬
‫• ‪ Total efficiency‬ھﻲ ﻋﻼﻗﺔ اﻟﻘﺪره اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻄﯿﮭﺎ ‪ pump‬واﻟﻘﺪره اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻄﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻮﺗﻮر‪.‬‬
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12‐Sep‐20
PUMP EFFICIENCY
Pipeline
Output power efficiency
BHP - Brake
EHP - Electric
horsepower
Throttling valve Horsepower
efficiency
HHP - Hydraulic Motor efficiency
horsepower
Coupling efficiency
Pump efficiency
PUMP EFFICIENCY
• The old method
• First, the user must determine the head. H ∗ Q ∗ SG
BHP
To determine the head a pump generates, 3960 ∗ effp
the user must know the suction and
discharge pressures and the specific
gravity of the fluid being pumped at the
actual operating conditions. Specific
gravity of a liquid, however, is not always
easy to determine, and it can vary with
temperature and composition.
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PUMP EFFICIENCY
• The simplified method
• A different equation can be used to determine
pump efficiency without having to know the liquid’s
specific gravity. This equation allows you to
determine a pump’s efficiency by only knowing
these values: the pump’s discharge pressure (P2)
in PSI and suction pressure (P1) in PSI, flow rate
(Q) in GPM, electric motor efficiency (effm), and
motor power in kilowatts (kW), pump efficiency
(effp),
PUMP EFFICIENCY
Example – Motor-Driven centrifugal pump
A centrifugal pump driven by an electric motor might reveal the following:
• P2 = 300 psi, P1 = 100 psi, Q = 600 gpm
• The electric motor has a mechanical efficiency of 96%. An electrical power meter
measures that 100 kW of true power is being consumed by the electric motor.
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EXERCISE
‫ﻣﺎ ھﻰ طﺮق ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ‬

‫ﻣﻀﺨﻄﺘﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎ‬
PUMP PERFORMANCE
: ‫• طرق ﺗﺷﻐﯾل ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ ﻣن اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺎت‬
parallel operation ‫ اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗوازى‬.1
series operation ‫ اﻟﺗﺷﻐﯾل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺗواﻟﻰ‬.2
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PUMP PERFORMANCE
Pumps in Series
PUMP PERFORMANCE
Pumps in Parallel
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EXERCISE
‫ﻣﺎ ھﻰ طﺮق ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‬

‫اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت‬
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION‬‬

‫اوﻻ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺤﻀﯿﺮ ‪pump‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ أن ‪ drain & vent valves‬ﻣﻐﻠﻘﯿﻦ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬رﻓﻊ ﻛﻞ ‪ blinds‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮده ﺑﺎﻟﺪاﺋﺮه‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ أن ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﺨﻄﻮط ﻧﻈﯿﻔﮫ و ﺧﺎﻟﯿﮫ ﻣﻦ أﯾﺔ أﺗﺮﺑﮫ أو ﻋﻮاﻟﻖ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ أن اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﮫ ﺗﺪور ﺑﺴﻼﻣﮫ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ إدارﺗﮭﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﯿﺪ ﻟﻠﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﺳﮭﻮﻟﺔ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﮭﺎ وﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد أي‬
‫أﺻﻮات ﻣﺜﻞ ﺻﻮت إﺣﺘﻜﺎك ‪ impeller‬ﺑـ ‪.casing‬‬
‫‪ .5‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ إذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ‪ Pump‬ﻣﻌﺰوﻟﮫ ﻛﮭﺮﺑﯿﺎ ﻓﯿﺘﻢ ﻓﻚ اﻟﻌﺰل اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﺎﺋﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ اوﻻ ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺗﺤﻀﯿﺮ ‪pump‬‬
‫‪ .6‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ أن ﻣﺴﺘﻮى اﻟﺰﯾﺖ ﻓﻲ ‪ Bearing house sight glass‬ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ و ﯾﺠﺐ اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ أن ‪Oil cup‬‬
‫ﻣﻤﺘﻠﺌﮫ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﮫ ﻟﻠﻤﻀﺨﺎت اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻀﺦ ﺳﻮاﺋﻞ ﺳﺎﺧﻨﮫ ﻓﯿﺠﺐ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺧﻄﻮط اﻟﺘﺴﺨﯿﻦ ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ‪ Pumps‬اﻟﻤﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﮫ ﻣﻊ ‪ Hydrocarbons‬ﯾﺠﺐ ﻗﯿﺎس ‪ .% O2‬ﻗﺒﻞ اﻟﺘﺸﻐﯿﻞ ﻓﻘﻂ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ إذا‬
‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺠﻮ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﺼﯿﺎﻧﮫ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .9‬ﻓﺘﺢ اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ Mechanical seal‬إن وﺟﺪ ﻣﻊ ﻓﺘﺢ ﺧﻂ ‪Seal flushing‬‬
‫‪ .10‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ أﺗﺠﺎه دوران اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﺔ ‪ /‬اﻟﻤﺤﺮك اﻟﻜﮭﺮﺑﻰ ‪motor‬‬
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION

WHAT IS PUMP PRIMING?
• For a centrifugal pump to work properly, you need to fill it up with liquid.
CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION
Spectacle blind flange blind
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‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP‬‬

‫ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻀﯿﺮ ‪pump‬‬
‫‪ .1‬ﯾﺘﻢ ﻣﻠﺊ ‪ Pump‬ﺑﺎﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻊ إﺧﺮاج ﻛﻞ اﻟﮭﻮاء اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ﻓﺘﺢ ‪ Casing vent‬أو أﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻘﻄﮫ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .2‬ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺴﺒﮫ ﻟﻠـ ‪ suction lift pump‬ﯾﺘﻢ ﺳﺤﺐ اﻟﮭﻮاء اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﺑﮭﺎ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﺘﯿﻦ ‪ ,‬إﻣﺎ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪vacuum‬‬
‫‪ pump‬أو ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ﻣﻠﺊ اﻟﺨﻂ ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺨﺪام ‪ priming liquid supply‬وإﺧﺮاج اﻟﮭﻮاء ﻣﻦ‬
‫‪.discharge vent‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ان ﺟﻤﯿﻊ ‪ auxiliaries‬ﺳﻮاء ﻛﺎن اﻟﺘﺰﯾﯿﺖ أو اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺪ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺟﯿﺪا‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬ﻣﻌﻈﻢ اﻷﻧﻈﻤﮫ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﮭﺎ ‪ Two pumps‬واﺣﺪة ‪ In-service‬و اﻷﺧﺮى ‪ Standby‬ﻓﯿﺘﻢ اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ أن‬
‫‪ Pump‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ‪ Lined up‬أي أن ﻣﺤﺎﺑﺲ اﻟﺴﺤﺐ و اﻟﻄﺮد ﻣﻔﺘﻮﺣﮫ وأن ‪ Pump‬اﻟﻤﺘﻮﻗﻔﮫ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ ‪ Auto‬ﻟﺘﺪﺧﻞ أوﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﻜﯿﺎ ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ﺣﺪوث ‪ Trip‬ﻟﻠـ ‪ Pump‬اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻌﻤﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP‬‬

‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ ﺛﺎﻧﯿﺎ‪ :‬ﺗﺤﻀﯿﺮ ‪pump‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﯾﺘﻢ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﺴﺤﺐ ‪ Fully‬ﻣﻊ ﻏﻠﻖ ﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﻄﺮد ‪.Full‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ ‪ Motor‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﺤﻔﺎظ أن ﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﻄﺮد ﻣﻐﻠﻖ ﻣﻊ ﻣﻼﺣﻈﺔ إﺗﺠﺎه دوران ‪ Motor‬وھﻮ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﺳﮭﻢ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺟﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ ‪.Casing‬‬
‫‪ .7‬ﯾﺘﻢ ﻓﺘﺢ ‪ Kick back valve‬ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﻟﻲ ‪ Press. gauge‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﺮد وإن ﻟﻢ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﯾﺘﻢ ﻓﺘﺢ‬
‫ﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﻄﺮد ﺗﺪرﯾﺠﯿﺎ ﺣﺘﻲ ﻧﺼﻞ ﻟﻠﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﻄﻠﻮب‪.‬‬
‫‪ .8‬إذا ﻛﺎن اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﯾﺘﻢ ﻏﻠﻖ ‪ Kick back‬ﻣﻊ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﻄﺮد ﺗﺪرﯾﺠﯿﺎ‪.‬‬
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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12‐Sep‐20
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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12‐Sep‐20
CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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12‐Sep‐20
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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12‐Sep‐20
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
CENTRIFUGAL
PUMP
PREPARATION &
START UP
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‫‪CENTRIFUGAL‬‬
‫‪PUMP‬‬
‫& ‪PREPARATION‬‬
‫‪START UP‬‬
‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP NORMAL OPERATION‬‬

‫‪AND SHUTDOWN‬‬
‫ﺛﺎﻟﺜﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ ‪pump‬‬
‫‪ .1‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ﺗﺴﺮﯾﺐ ﻓﻲ ‪ Mechanical seal‬و ‪.Bearing‬‬
‫‪ .2‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻛﻤﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺴﺮﯾﺐ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﻌﺪل اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .3‬اﻟﺘﺄﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪم وﺟﻮد ‪ Vibration‬ﻓﻲ ‪ Shaft‬وﺗﺴﺠﯿﻞ أي راﺋﺤﮫ أو ﺿﻮﺿﺎء‪.‬‬
‫‪ .4‬إذا ﻟﻮﺣﻆ أن ﺿﻐﻂ ‪ Pump‬ﯾﺘﻐﯿﺮ ﺑﺼﻮره ﻏﯿﺮ طﺒﯿﻌﯿﮫ ﻣﻌﻨﻰ ذﻟﻚ وﺟﻮد ھﻮاء‪/‬ﻏﺎز ﻓﻰ ال‪.Pump‬‬
‫‪ .5‬ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ إذا أردﻧﺎ إﯾﻘﺎف اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﮫ ﺑﻄﺮﯾﻘﮫ ﺳﻠﯿﻤﮫ ﯾﺠﺐ ﻏﻠﻖ ﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﻄﺮد أوﻻ ﺛﻢ إﯾﻘﺎف اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻸﺧﺬ ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻹﻋﺘﺒﺎر أن ﻣﺤﺒﺲ ﻋﺪم اﻟﺮﺟﻮع ﺑﮫ ﻣﺸﻜﻠﮫ ﻣﺜﻼ‪.‬‬
‫‪ .6‬ﯾﺠﺐ أﯾﻀﺎ ﻋﺪم ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﮫ وﻣﺤﺒﺲ اﻟﻄﺮد ﻣﻔﺘﻮح ﺣﺮﺻﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺳﻼﻣﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﺮك ﻷن ھﺬا ﯾﻠﺰم ﻗﺪره ﻛﮭﺮﺑﯿﮫ‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﯿﮫ‪.‬‬
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EXERCISE
EXERCISE
1. Discharge isolation valve
2. Check valve
3. Suction isolation valve
Following are the steps to priming the pump:
• Slowly open the suction isolation valve.
• Open the air vents on the suction and discharge
piping until the pumped fluid flows out.
• Close the air vents.
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EXERCISE
EXERCISE
1. Discharge isolation valve
1
2. outside supply.
3. Foot valve
4 2 4. Check valve
• Consider using a foot valve and an outside source of liquid in order to
prime the pump.
• Close the discharge isolation valve.
• Open the air vent valves in the casing.
• Open the valve in the outside supply line until only liquid escapes from
the vent valves.
3 • Close the vent valves.
• Close the outside supply line.
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‫ذات اﻻزاﺣﺔ اﻟﻣوﺟﺑﺔ‬

POSITIVE
DISPLACEMENT
‫ﻓﺻوص‬
Lobe
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT ‫دوارة‬
‫ﺣﻠزوﻧﯾﺔ‬
Rotary
Screw
Positive displacement ‫ﺗرﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻘم ﻣﻧزﻟﻘﺔ‬ Gear
Slide vane
‫ﻏﺷﺎء ﻣرن‬
Diaphragm
‫اﻟﻣﺿﺧﺎت‬ ‫ﺗرددﯾﺔ‬
pumps ‫ﻛﺑﺎس‬
Reciprocating
Plunger
‫ﻣﻛﺑس‬
‫ذات ﺗﺄﺛﯾر ﺧﺎص‬ Piston
Special effect
‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗدﻓﻖ ﻣﺣورى‬
Dynamic Axial flow
‫طﺎردة ﻣرﻛزﯾﺔ‬
Centrifugal ‫ﺗدﻓﻖ ﻗطرى‬
Radial flow
Turbine
Mixed flow
Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer flow
37
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬
‫ﻓﺻوص‬
‫‪Lobe‬‬
‫‪POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT‬‬ ‫دوارة‬
‫‪Rotary‬‬
‫‪Screw‬‬
‫‪Positive displacement‬‬ ‫ﺗرﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻘم ﻣﻧزﻟﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪Gear‬‬
‫‪Slide vane‬‬
‫‪Diaphragm‬‬
‫‪pumps‬‬ ‫ﻛﺑﺎس‬
‫‪Reciprocating‬‬
‫‪Plunger‬‬
‫ﻣﻛﺑس‬
‫ذات ﺗﺄﺛﯾر ﺧﺎص‬ ‫‪Piston‬‬
‫‪Special effect‬‬
‫‪Dynamic‬‬ ‫‪Axial flow‬‬
‫‪Centrifugal‬‬ ‫ﺗدﻓﻖ ﻗطرى‬
‫‪Radial flow‬‬
‫‪Turbine‬‬
‫‪Mixed‬‬ ‫‪flow‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬ ‫‪flow‬‬
‫‪POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT : RECIPROCATING‬‬

‫• ﯾﻌﻄﻰ ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﺳﺮﯾﺎن ﻣﺘﻘﻄﻊ أو ﺷﺒﮫ ﻣﺴﺘﻤﺮ‬
‫• ﻻ ﯾﻮﻟﺪ ﺿﻐﻂ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﺎت اﻟﻄﺎرده وإﻧﻤﺎ ﻓﻘﻂ ﯾﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﻜﺒﺲ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ إزاﺣﮫ ﻟﻠﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻷﻧﮫ ﻏﯿﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻟﻺﻧﻀﻐﺎط ﺛﻢ ﯾﺰداد‬
‫اﻟﻀﻐﻂ ﺑﻌﺪ ذﻟﻚ إﻋﺘﻤﺎدا ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻨﻈﺎم‪.‬‬
‫• اذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻹزاﺣﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﻮار اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﮫ ‪ single acting‬وإذا ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻹزاﺣﮫ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺸﻮار اﻷﻣﺎﻣﻲ‬
‫واﻟﺨﻠﻔﻲ ﺗﻜﻮن ‪.double acting‬‬
‫• ھﻨﺎك ﻛﻤﯿﺔ ﺛﺎﺑﺘﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺗﺪﺧﻞ ‪ cylinder‬ﺛﻢ ﺗﺪﻓﻊ إﻟﻰ اﻟﺨﺎرج ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ‪ Pumping element‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﺤﻞ ﻣﺤﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ و ﯾﺘﻢ دﺧﻮل اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ ‪ Suction port‬وﯾﺨﺮج ﻣﻦ ‪.Discharge port‬ھﺬه اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﮫ ﺗﻌﺮف ﺑﺎﻹزاﺣﮫ اﻟﺠﺒﺮﯾﮫ‬
‫ﺣﯿﺚ أﻧﮫ ﯾﺘﻢ إزاﺣﺔ ﻛﻤﯿﮫ ﻣﻌﯿﻨﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﻣﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﻲ وھﻮ ‪ piston or gears‬داﺧﻞ اﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ أو‬
‫ﻏﺮﻓﮫ ﻣﻌﯿﻨﮫ‪.‬‬
‫• ﯾﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻣﻌﺪل ﺗﺼﺮﻓﮭﺎ ‪ L/hr‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺳﺮﻋﺔ دوراﻧﮭﺎ و ﺣﺠﻢ اﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ و ﻻﯾﻌﺘﻤﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﺘﺸﻐﯿﻞ ﺑﻤﻌﻨﻲ أﻧﮫ ﻟﯿﺲ ﻣﺜﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺎت اﻟﻄﺎرده اﻟﻤﺮﻛﺰﯾﮫ‪.‬‬
‫‪38‬‬
12‐Sep‐20
POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT : RECIPROCATING
39
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬

‫ھﺬا اﻟﺘﻘﻄﯿﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ اﻟﻤﺰاح ﯾﺠﻌﻞ ‪ Flow pulsating‬وﻟﯿﺲ‬
‫‪ Continuous‬ﻓﻠﻠﺘﻐﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ ھﺬه اﻟﻤﺸﻜﻠﺔ ﻧﻘﻮم ﺑﺰﯾﺎدة ﻋﺪد‬
‫اﻟﺪورات ‪ cycles‬ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ اﺳﺘﺨﺪام أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ ‪cylinder‬‬
‫ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪه ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ double or single acting‬أو‬
‫ﺑﻮﺿﻊ ﻣﺎ ﯾﺴﻤﻰ ‪ dampener‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻂ اﻟﻄﺮد‪.‬‬

‫• ﯾﺘﻢ ﻓﻲ ﻛﻞ ﻣﺮة إزاﺣﺔ ﺣﺠﻢ ﻣﻌﯿﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﯿﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ diaphragm‬ﻓﯿﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﻐﺎز ﻷﻋﻠﻰ وﻓﻲ ھﺬا‬
‫اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﻻﺗﻘﻮم ‪ Pump‬ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺪﻓﯿﻊ ﻓﯿﺘﻤﺪد اﻟﻐﺎز ﻋﻠﻰ ‪ diaphragm‬ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى وﯾﺪﻓﻊ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻓﯿﺤﺎﻓﻆ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫‪.Flow‬‬
‫‪40‬‬
12‐Sep‐20

.‫• ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻟﻄﻠﻤﺒﺎت اﻟﺘﺮددﯾﮫ ﻣﻦ ﺟﺰﺋﯿﯿﻦ رﺋﯿﺴﯿﯿﻦ ﯾﻨﺪرج ﻣﻨﮭﻢ ﺑﻘﯿﺔ اﻷﺟﺰاء وھﻢ‬
LIQUID END POWER END

Cylinder Crankcase (Frame)
Cylinder Liner Crankshaft
Plunger or Piston or
Connecting Rod
Diaphragm
Stuffing Box Cross Head
Valves Cross Head Ways
double ‫ أو‬single acting ‫ ھﻮ اﻟﺠﺴﻢ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺘﻮﻟﺪ ﻓﯿﮫ اﻟﻀﻐﻂ وﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ أن ﺗﻜﻮن‬Cylinder •
.‫ اﻟﺴﺤﺐ و اﻟﻄﺮد‬manifolds ‫وﺗﻜﻮن ﻣﺰوده ﺑـ‬.acting
‫ ھﻮ ﻏﻄﺎء داﺧﻠﻲ ﻟﺤﻤﺎﯾﺔ اﻹﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺂﻛﻞ واﻟﺬي ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺴﮭﻞ ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮه ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ‬Cylinder liner •
.‫ﺗﻐﯿﯿﺮ اﻹﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ ﻛﻠﮭﺎ‬
41
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬

‫‪ Piston‬ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ إزاﺣﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ وﯾﺼﻨﻊ ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺤﺪﯾﺪ اﻟﺰھﺮ أو ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺴﺒﺎﺋﻚ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻠﺐ و ﯾﺘﺤﺮك‬
‫داﺧﻞ ‪ cylinder liner‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪ piston rings‬واﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﻘﻮم ﺑﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺴﺮﯾﺐ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺒﺲ و اﻹﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ‬
‫وﺗﻘﻠﻞ اﻹﺣﺘﻜﺎك ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ وﻟﮭﺎ ﺧﺎﺻﯿﺔ اﻟﺘﺰﯾﯿﺖ اﻟﺬاﺗﻲ ﻷﻧﮭﺎ ﻋﺪد ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮاﺋﺢ اﻟﻜﺮﺑﻮن‪.‬‬
‫‪ Plunger‬ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪﻣﮫ ﻟﻠﺤﺼﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺪل ﺳﺮﯾﺎن دﻗﯿﻖ وﻻ ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﻣﻨﮫ إﻻ ‪ single acting‬أﻣﺎ إذا أردﻧﺎ زﯾﺎدة‬
‫اﻟﻤﺮاﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﺘﻐﻠﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻘﻄﺒﻊ ﯾﺘﻢ إﺳﺘﺨﺪام أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ إﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ ﺑﺎﻟﺨﻠﻒ أو ﺟﻨﺒﺎ إﻟﻰ ﺟﻨﺐ وﻻ ﯾﺤﺘﺎج اﻟﻰ ‪Cylinder‬‬
‫‪.liner‬‬
‫‪ Stuffing Box‬ھﻮ اﻟﺼﻨﺪوق اﻟﺬي ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﺪاﺧﻠﮫ اﻟﺤﺸﻮ ﻟﻤﻨﻊ ﺗﺴﺮﯾﺐ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺧﺎرﺟﯿﺎ أو ﻟﻌﻤﻞ ‪ sealing‬ﺑﯿﻦ‬
‫اﻹﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ وﻋﻤﻮد اﻟﻤﻜﺒﺲ أو ‪ plunger‬و ﯾﻮﺟﺪ ﺑﮫ ‪ lantern ring‬ﻟﻠﺘﺰﯾﯿﺖ و اﻟﺘﺒﺮﯾﺪ أو ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﺸﺤﯿﻢ اﻟﺤﺸﻮ‬
‫ﻓﻲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﺘﻄﺒﯿﻘﺎت‪.‬‬
‫‪ Valves‬ھﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻮع ‪ check valve‬وﺗﻔﺘﺢ أوﺗﻮﻣﺎﺗﯿﻜﯿﺎ ﺑﻔﺮق اﻟﻀﻐﻂ‪.‬‬
‫‪42‬‬
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬
‫• )‪ Crankcase (frame‬ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﺟﻤﯿﻊ اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﻤﯿﻜﺎﻧﯿﻜﯿﮫ اﻟﺨﺎﺻﮫ ﺑـ ‪ power end‬وأﯾﻀﺎ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي‬

‫ﻋﻠﻲ زﯾﺖ اﻟﺘﺰﯾﯿﺖ و ﺗﺘﺤﻤﻞ اﻷﺣﻤﺎل اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻜﺒﺲ‪,‬‬
‫• ‪ Crankshaft‬اﻟﻤﺴﺌﻮل ﻋﻦ ﻧﻘﻞ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر إﻟﻰ ‪.connecting rode‬‬
‫• ‪ Connecting rode‬ھﻮ اﻟﺠﺰء اﻟﻤﺴﺌﻮل ﻋﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﮫ اﻟﺪوراﻧﯿﮫ إﻟﻰ ﺣﺮﻛﮫ ﺗﺬﺑﺬﺑﯿﮫ وﺗﻘﻮم‬
‫ﺑﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ ‪ crankshaft‬ﺑـ ‪ crosshead‬أو ﺑـ ‪ piston‬ﻣﺒﺎﺷﺮة‪.‬‬
‫• ‪ Crosshead‬ھﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺆوﻟﮫ ﻋﻦ ﺗﺤﻮﯾﻞ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﮫ اﻟﺘﺬﺑﺬﺑﯿﮫ إﻟﻰ ﺣﺮﻛﮫ أﻓﻘﯿﮫ ﺗﺮددﯾﮫ‪.‬‬
‫• ‪ Piston rode‬اﻟﺬي ﯾﻮﺻﻞ ‪ crosshead‬ﺑـ ‪.piston‬‬

‫• ﯾﺴﺘﺨﺪم ال ‪ crosshead‬ﻓﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻻﺟﮭﺎد اﻟﻜﺒﯿﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻤﻀﺨﺔ او ﻓﻰ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ ‪double acting‬‬
‫‪43‬‬
12‐Sep‐20
44
12‐Sep‐20
Diaphragm pump

‫ أو اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻄﺒﯿﮫ أو اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﯿﮫ ﺣﯿﺚ‬corrosive fluids ‫ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ‬Diaphragm pumps •
.diaphragm ‫ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺮك‬drive end ‫ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﻤﺮاد ﺿﻐﻄﮭﺎ و‬sealing ‫ ﺑﻌﻤﻞ‬diaphragm ‫ﯾﻘﻮم‬
1- mechanically , 2- hydraulically , 3- air operated ‫وﯾﺘﻢ ﺗﺪوﯾﺮھﺎ إﻣﺎ‬
self primed ‫ ﻛﻤﺎ اﻧﮭﺎ‬dynamic seal & packing ‫• ھﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻻﯾﺤﺘﺎج إﻟﻰ‬
spring ‫ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ‬plunger ‫ ﯾﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر ﺑﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﮫ إﻟﻰ‬mechanical driven .1
.diaphragm ‫ﻣﺘﺼﻠﮫ ﺑﺎﻟـ‬
hydraulic ‫ اﻟﺬي ﯾﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ‬plunger ‫ ﯾﻘﻮم اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر ﺑﺘﻮﺻﯿﻞ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﮫ إﻟﻰ‬hydraulic driven .2
.‫ وﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻲ ﺣﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻤﻮاد اﻟﻜﯿﻤﺎوﯾﮫ اﻟﺨﻄﺮه‬.diaphragm ‫ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﺑﺎﻟـ‬oil
45
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬
‫‪Mechanical driven‬‬
‫‪Hydraulic driven‬‬

‫‪ ‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﻨﻮع اﻷﺧﯿﺮ ھﻮ ‪ Air operated diaphragm pump‬ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ‪diaphragm two‬‬
‫‪ chambers‬و ‪ two flexible diaphragm‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﯿﻦ ﺑﺒﻌﻀﮭﻢ ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪.connecting rode‬‬
‫‪ ‬وﻓﻜﺮة ﻋﻤﻠﮭﺎ أن اﻟﮭﻮاء اﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮط ﯾﺪﺧﻞ وﯾﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻠﻒ ‪ right diaphragm‬ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ‬
‫‪ distribution valve‬ﻓﯿﻘﻮم ﺑﺘﺤﺮﯾﻚ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﮫ ‪ two diaphragm with rode‬إﻟﻲ اﻟﯿﻤﻦ ﻓﯿﺘﻢ ﺿﻐﻂ‬
‫اﻟﻤﺎده اﻟﻤﺮاد ﺿﻐﻄﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻐﺮﻓﮫ اﻟﯿﻤﻨﻰ وﺳﺤﺒﮭﺎ ﻓﻲ اﻟﯿﺴﺮى وﯾﺘﻢ ﻓﻲ ھﺬا اﻟﻮﻗﺖ ﺗﻔﺮﯾﻎ اﻟﮭﻮاء اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻐﺮﻓﮫ اﻟﯿﺴﺮى إﻟﻰ ‪ exhaust‬اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮد ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺸﻮار اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﺛﻢ ﺗﻨﻌﻜﺲ اﻟﻌﻤﻠﯿﮫ ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﮭﻮاء‬
‫اﻟﻤﻀﻐﻮط وﯾﻀﻐﻂ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻠﻒ ‪ left diaphragm‬ﻋﻦ طﺮﯾﻖ ‪ distribution valve‬ﻓﯿﻘﻮم ﺑﻌﻜﺲ اﻟﺤﺮﻛﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪46‬‬
12‐Sep‐20
PIPING
Reciprocating
pump piping
47
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬
‫ﻓﺻوص‬
‫‪Lobe‬‬
‫‪POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT‬‬ ‫دوارة‬
‫‪Rotary‬‬
‫‪Screw‬‬
‫‪Positive displacement‬‬ ‫ﺗرﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻘم ﻣﻧزﻟﻘﺔ‬ ‫‪Gear‬‬
‫‪Slide vane‬‬
‫‪Diaphragm‬‬
‫‪pumps‬‬ ‫ﻛﺑﺎس‬
‫‪Reciprocating‬‬
‫‪Plunger‬‬
‫ﻣﻛﺑس‬
‫ذات ﺗﺄﺛﯾر ﺧﺎص‬ ‫‪Piston‬‬
‫‪Special effect‬‬
‫‪Dynamic‬‬ ‫‪Axial flow‬‬
‫‪Centrifugal‬‬ ‫ﺗدﻓﻖ ﻗطرى‬
‫‪Radial flow‬‬
‫‪Turbine‬‬
‫‪Mixed‬‬ ‫‪flow‬‬
‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬ ‫‪flow‬‬
‫‪POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT : ROTARY‬‬

‫• ﻓﻜﺮة ﻋﻤﻠﮭﺎ ھﻲ ﺿﻐﻂ اﻟﻤﺎدة ﺑﯿﻦ اﻷﺟﺰاء اﻟﺪوارة ﻧﻔﺴﮭﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ …‪ Gears , screw‬وﺑﯿﻨﮭﺎ وﺑﯿﻦ ‪Casing‬‬
‫وﺗﺤﺪث اﻹزاﺣﮫ ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻓﻰ اﻟﻔﺮاﻏﺎت اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮده ﺑﯿﻦ أﺟﺰاﺋﮭﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺘﺮوس ﻣﺜﻼ‪.‬‬
‫• ﻻﺗﺤﺘﺎج ‪ Dampeners‬ﻷن ‪ Flow‬أﻗﻞ ‪ Pulsating‬ﻣﻦ ‪.Reciprocating‬‬
‫• ‪ Gear pumps‬ھﻨﺎك ﻧﻮﻋﺎن رﺋﯿﺴﯿﺎن ﻣﻨﮭﺎ ‪ External gear‬و ‪.Internal gear‬‬
‫‪ External gear .1‬ﺗﺘﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﺟﺴﻢ ﻣﻌﺪﻧﻲ ﯾﺤﺘﻮي ﺑﺪاﺧﻠﮫ إﺳﻄﻮاﻧﮫ ﯾﺘﺤﺮك ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﺗﺮﺳﺎن ﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﮭﺎن‬
‫أﺣﺪھﻤﺎ ﯾﺪور ﺑﻮاﺳﻄﺔ ‪ shaft‬وﯾﺴﻤﻲ اﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ ‪ Drive gear‬واﻟﺘﺮس اﻵﺧﺮ ﯾﺴﻤﻰ اﻟﻤﻨﻘﺎد ‪Idler gear‬‬
‫وﯾﺄﺧﺬ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﻘﺎﺋﺪ وﻟﻜﻦ ﯾﺪور ﻓﻲ ﻋﻜﺲ إﺗﺠﺎھﮫ ﺣﯿﺚ أن اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﯾﺪﺧﻞ ﺑﯿﻦ ﺳﻨﻮن اﻟﺘﺮﺳﯿﻦ‬
‫وﻏﻼف اﻟﻤﻀﺨﮫ‪ .‬وﺗﺘﻤﯿﺰ ﺑﻀﻐﻮطﮭﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﮫ ﻣﻊ ﺻﻐﺮ ﺗﺪﻓﯿﻌﮭﺎ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﮭﻲ ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻣﻊ اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﻠﺰﺟﮫ و‬
‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺨﺎطﺮ ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻠﮭﺎ أن ﺗﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﺪون ﺳﺎﺋﻞ ﻟﻔﺘﺮه ﻛﺒﯿﺮه ﻷن ھﺬا ﯾﺆدي ﻟﺘﺂﻛﻞ اﻟﺘﺮوس‪.‬‬
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‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬

‫‪ Internal gear pump .2‬وﺳﻤﯿﺖ داﺧﻠﯿﮫ ﻷن اﻟﺘﺮس اﻟﺨﺎرﺟﻲ أﺳﻨﺎﻧﮫ داﺧﻠﯿﮫ وھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ‬
‫‪ Two gears‬اﻷول ﯾﺴﻤﻲ ‪ Spur gear‬ذو أﺳﻨﺎن ﺧﺎرﺟﯿﺔ و ﯾﺄﺧﺬ ﺣﺮﻛﺘﮫ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﻮﺗﻮر و اﻵﺧﺮ ﯾﺴﻤﻰ‬
‫‪ Internal gear ring‬ذو أﺳﻨﺎن داﺧﻠﯿﺔ و ﯾﻔﺼﻞ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ ‪Crescent separator‬‬

‫• ﯾﺪﺧﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺤﺐ إﻟﻲ اﻟﻄﺮد ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ اﻟﻤﻮﺟﻮدة ﺑﯿﻦ ‪ Spur gear‬و ‪Internal gear ring‬‬
‫)‪ (Idler‬وﯾﻘﻮم ‪ Crescent separator‬ﺑﻤﻨﻊ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﺎﻟﺮﺟﻮع ﻟﻠﺴﺤﺐ ﻣﺮة أﺧﺮى‪.‬‬
‫• ﺗﺴﺘﺨﺪم ھﺬه ‪ Pump‬ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻣﻊ زﯾﻮت اﻟﺘﺰﯾﯿﺖ و اﻟﻤﻮاد ذات اﻟﻠﺰوﺟﺔ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﯿﺔ‪.‬‬
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POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT : ROTARY

External gear ‫ ﻓﻜﺮة ﻋﻤﻠﮭﺎ ھﻲ ﻧﻔﺲ ﻓﻜﺮة ﻋﻤﻞ‬Lobe pumps •
.pump
.Gears ‫ ﺑﺪل‬Lobes ‫ ھﻮ‬Pumping element ‫• اﻟﻔﺮق أن‬
Flow ‫ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻓﺈﻧﮭﺎ ﺗﻌﻄﻲ‬Gears ‫ اﻟﻤﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ أﻛﺒﺮ ﻣﻦ‬Lobes ‫• ﻧﻼﺣﻆ أن‬
‫ و ﯾﻤﻜﻨﮭﺎ ﺗﺪﻓﯿﻊ ﻣﻮاد ﺻﻠﺒﺔ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ‬Gears ‫أﻋﻠﻰ و ﺿﻐﻂ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﻓﺘﺴﺘﺨﺪم ﻓﻰ اﻟﺼﻨﺎﻋﺎت اﻟﻐﺬاﺋﯿﺔ‬
liquid ring ‫ ﺑﺎﻻﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﻰ ﻧﻮع‬vacuum pump ‫• ﯾﻤﻜﻦ اﺳﺘﺨﺪاﻣﮭﺎ ك‬
pump
51
12‐Sep‐20

‫ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺔ‬Cylinder ‫ داﺧﻞ‬Vanes ‫ ﯾﺤﻤﻞ‬Rotor ‫ ھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ‬Slide vane pumps •
‫ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻛﺒﯿﺮة ﺛﻢ ﺗﻘﻞ ﺗﺪرﯾﺠﯿﺎ و‬Cylinder‫ و‬Vanes ‫ )ﻻ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﯾﮫ( ﺑﺤﯿﺚ أن اﻟﻤﺴﺎﻓﺔ ﺑﯿﻦ‬Eccentrically
. ‫ھﺬا ھﻮ اﻟﺬي ﯾﺴﺒﺐ اﻹﻧﻀﻐﺎط‬
52
‫‪12‐Sep‐20‬‬

‫• ‪ Screw pumps‬ھﻲ ﻋﺒﺎرة ﻋﻦ ‪ Helical thread rotor or more‬ﯾﺪور داﺧﻞ ‪ Casing‬ﻓﺒﺪوران‬
‫ھﺬا ‪ Rotor‬ﻓﺈن اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ‪ Screwed‬ﺑﯿﻦ ‪ Thread‬و ‪.Casing‬‬
‫• ﺗﺘﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻣﻊ اﻟﺴﻮاﺋﻞ اﻟﻠﺰﺟﮫ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ اﻟﺘﻲ ﺗﺤﺘﻮي ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻮاﻟﻖ وﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﺴﺮﯾﺎن ﻓﯿﮭﺎ ﻣﺤﻮري أي ﻣﻮازي‬
‫ﻹﺗﺠﺎه اﻟﺪوران ﻟﻜﻦ ﺗﻜﻠﻔﺘﮭﺎ ﻛﺒﯿﺮه ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﺧﻠﻮﺻﮭﺎ اﻟﺪﻗﯿﻖ ﺑﯿﻦ أﺟﺰاءھﺎ‪.‬‬
‫• ھﻨﺎك ‪ Single screw‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻨﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﯿﻨﮫ و ﺑﯿﻦ ‪.Cylinder‬‬
‫• ‪ Two screw‬ﺣﯿﺚ ﯾﻨﻀﻐﻂ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﯿﻨﮭﻢ و ﺑﯿﻦ ‪.Cylinder‬‬
‫• ‪ Three screw‬ﺣﯿﺚ أن ‪ Main screw‬ﻣﺴﺌﻮل ﻋﻦ دوران ‪.Two idler screw‬‬
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12‐Sep‐20
ROTATING EQUIPMENT
Ahmed Yehia
Process Engineer
55

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Rotating Equipment Lec 3

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12‐Sep‐20

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

‫ﻣﺿﺧﺎت اﻟﺿﻐط اﻟدﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﻰ‬

‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

‫ﻣﺎ ھﻰ طﺮق ﺗﺮﻛﯿﺐ‬

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

‫ﻣﺎ ھﻰ طﺮق ﺗﺸﻐﯿﻞ‬

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬

‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION

Spectacle blind flange blind

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬

‫‪CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP‬‬

‫‪Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer‬‬

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP PREPARATION & START UP

Ahmed Yehia – Process Engineer